Optimizing Nutrient Removal in Municipal Wastewater Under Microalgal–Bacterial Symbiosis with Mesh Screen Separation

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 996-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chul-Hwi Park ◽  
Da-Hee Kim ◽  
Gee-Bong Han
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Symbiosis ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Screen Separation

Expenditure on the operation of municipal wastewater treatment plants for nutrient removal

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
P Removal

Operating costs of Austrian municipal treatment plants are evaluated for 1989/90 and for 1997, respectively. The results indicate that presently the expenses which can be directly connected to wastewater purification, i.e. energy and chemicals for P removal, comprise only about 20% of the total operating costs. Today, in Austria like in other EU countries, the predominating factor is “labour costs”, even at nutrient removal plants. A general scheme for estimating operating costs is presented that can be applied to WWTPs in other parts of the world. In this scheme the important factors relevant to the operating costs are integrated.

Benchmarks for the energy demand of nutrient removal plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The energy demand of municipal wastewater treatment plants for nutrient removal equipped with primary clarifiers, activated sludge system, anaerobic sludge digestion, and CHP is evaluated theoretically, on the basis of COD balances. Operational experience from energy-efficient Austrian treatment plants confirms that the demand on external electrical energy can be kept as low as 5 to 10 kWh/(pe.a) depending on the N:COD ratio in the raw wastewater. A low N:COD ratio helps to keep not only the effluent nitrogen load low, but also the energy demand. Measures to minimise the energy demand at treatment plants and to reduce the nitrogen load are discussed.

Simultaneous organic and nutrient removal from municipal wastewater by BSACNR process

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyou Hoon Lee ◽  
Jong Hyun Lee ◽  
Tae Joo Park
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater
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