scholarly journals Effects of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Rapid Correction on the Serum Metabolomic Profile of Rhesus Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1070-1070
Author(s):  
Brian Sandri ◽  
Gabriele Lubach ◽  
Eric Lock ◽  
Michael Georgieff ◽  
Pamela Kling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Rapid Correction

Abstract Objectives To determine whether rapid correction of iron deficiency using intramuscular iron dextran normalizes serum metabolomic changes in a nonhuman primate model of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods Blood was collected from naturally iron-sufficient (IS; n = 10) and IDA (n = 12) male and female infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) at 6 months of age. IDA infants were treated with intramuscular injections of iron dextran, 10 mg/weekly for 4–8 weeks. Iron status was reevaluated following treatment using hematological measurements and sera were metabolically profiled using HPLC/MS with isobaric standards for identification and quantification. Results Early-life iron deficiency anemia negatively affects many cellular metabolic processes, including energy production, electron transport, and oxidative degradation of toxins. Slow iron repletion with dietary supplementation restores iron deficient monkeys from a hematological perspective, but the serum metabolomic profile remains differed from monkeys that had been iron sufficient their entire life. Whether rapid iron restoration through intramuscular injections of iron dextran normalizes serum metabolomic profile is not known. A total of 654 metabolites were measured with differences in 53 metabolites identified between IS and IDA monkeys at 6 months (P 0.05). Pathway analyses provided evidence of altered liver function, hypometabolic state, differential essential fatty acid production, irregular inosine and guanosine metabolism, and atypical bile acid production in IDA infants. After treatment, iron-related hematological parameters had recovered, but the formerly IDA infants remained metabolically distinct from the IS infants, with 225 metabolites differentially expressed between the groups. Conclusions As with slow iron repletion, rapid iron repletion does not normalize the altered serum metabolomic profile in rhesus infants with IDA, suggesting the need for iron supplementation in the pre-anemic stage. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Iron Store of Newborns in Ethiopia

Anemia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betelihem Terefe ◽  
Asaye Birhanu ◽  
Paulos Nigussie ◽  
Aster Tsegaye
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Store ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Deficient

Iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women is a widespread problem in developing countries including Ethiopia, though its influence on neonatal iron status was inconsistently reported in literature. This cross-sectional study was conducted to compare hematologic profiles and iron status of newborns from mothers with different anemia status and determine correlation between maternal and neonatal hematologic profiles and iron status in Ethiopian context. We included 89 mothers and their respective newborns and performed complete blood count and assessed serum ferritin and C-reactive protein levels from blood samples collected from study participants. Maternal median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were 12.2 g/dL and 47.0 ng/mL, respectively. The median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels for the newborns were 16.2 g/dL and 187.6 ng/mL, respectively. The mothers were classified into two groups based on hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels as iron deficient anemic (IDA) and nonanemic (NA) and newborns of IDA mothers had significantly lower levels of serum ferritin (P=0.017) and hemoglobin concentration (P=0.024). Besides, newborns’ ferritin and hemoglobin levels showed significant correlation with maternal hemoglobin (P=0.018;P=0.039) and ferritin (P=0.000;P=0.008) levels. We concluded that maternal IDA may have an effect on the iron stores of newborns.

Iron Status and Infant Feeding Practices in an Urban Ambulatory Center

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
P. David Sadowitz ◽  
Frank A. Oski
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Iron Deficient

The relationship of infant feeding practices to iron status was examined in a group of 280 infants, 9 to 12 months of age, attending a "well-baby" clinic. Of this group, 7.6% were found to be iron depleted, 19.7% were iron deficient without anemia, and 8.2% were iron deficient with anemia. The incidence of iron-deficiency anemia was significantly greater in the black infants than the white infants (14.3% v 2.7%). The introduction of whole cow's milk into the diet had occurred prior to 6 months of age in 29.2% of the infants, and 62.1% of these infants had laboratory evidence of nutritional iron inadequacy, as contrasted with only 21.8% of those with iron deficiencies fed cow's milk after 6 months of age. Of the 21 infants with iron-deficiency anemia, 19 (90.5%) had been fed whole cow's milk prior to 6 months of age. Iron deficiency remains a nutritional problem for infants in an urban setting and is largely a result of the early introduction of whole cow's milk into the diet.

Iron Deficiency Anemia: Adverse Effects on Infant Psychomotor Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Walter ◽  
Isidora De Andraca ◽  
Patricia Chadud ◽  
Carmen G. Perales
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Iron Deficient

In a double-blind, placebo-control prospective cohort study of 196 infants from birth to 15 months of age, assessment was made at 12 months of age of the relationship between iron status and psychomotor development, the effect of a short-term (10-day) trial of oral iron vs placebo, and the effect of long-term (3 months) oral iron therapy. Development was assessed with the mental and psychomotor indices and the infant behavior record of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development in 39 anemic, 30 control, and 127 nonanemic iron-deficient children. Anemic infants had significantly lower Mental and Psychomotor Developmental Index scores than control infants or nonanemic iron-deficient infants (one-way analysis of variance, P < .0001). Control infants and nonanemic iron-deficient infants performed comparably. No difference was noted between the effect of oral administration of iron or placebo after 10 days or after 3 months of iron therapy. Among anemic infants a hemoglobin concentration < 10.5 g/dL and duration of anemia of > 3 months were correlated with significantly lower motor and mental scores (P < .05). Anemic infants failed specifically in language capabilities and body balance-coordination skills when compared with controls. These results, in a design in which intervening variables were closely controlled, suggest that when iron deficiency progrsses to anemia, but not before, adverse influences in the performance of developmental tests appear and persist for at least 3 months despite correction of anemia with iron therapy. If these impairments prove to be long standing, prevention of iron deficiency anemia in early infancy becomes the only way to avoid them.

scholarly journals STATUS OF HbA1c;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 054-059
Author(s):  
NUDRAT ANWAR ZUBERI ◽  
NAVEED AHSAN ◽  
ALIYA JAFRI ◽  
Tehseen Iqbal ◽  
Tahira Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Iron Deficient

Background: Glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] is a marker to identify the average plasma glucose level over past threemonths but it is also influenced by the iron deficiency status of an individual. Objective: Research is designed to assess the relationshipbetween HbA1c concentration and iron status among diabetic and non diabetic subjects. Design: Cross sectional comparative study.Setting: Tertiary Care Unit of Karachi, Pakistan. Period: Dec 2010 till June 2011. Material and methods: A total of 75 subjects of bothsexes were taken and divided into three groups. Fasting and random glucose levels, serum iron and TIBC were performed by enzymaticmethod while HbA1c was estimated by fast iron resin separation method and Complete blood count (CBC ) was done by Coulter.Statistical analysis: The data feeding and analysis was on computer package SPSS (Statistical Packages of Social Sciences) version16.0. the results were given in the mean and Standard Deviation (SD) and correlation ( r ) for quantitative data i.e. age, FBS, RBS, HbA1c,Serum Iron , Hb HCT, and TIBC. Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with tukey test for comparison (Controls, Iron deficiency anemia withand without diabetes mellitus). In all statistical analysis only p < 0.01 will be considered significant. Results: HbA1c is a non-specificmarker of Diabetes mellitus in iron deficieny anemia patients. Thus it is reccomended that iron status of diabetic patients must beconsidered while interpreting results. This study showed significantly raised levels of Fasting blood glucose (FBS), random blood glucose(RBS) and HbA1c in diabetic anemic patients when compared to control and nondiabetic anemic subjects (p < 0.01) while total ironbinding capacity (TIBC) and HbA1c in nondiabetic anemic subjects were also significantly raised when compared to control (p < 0.01).Hemoglobin (Hb) , Hematocrit (HCT) and Serum Iron levels were significantly decreased in diabetic and nondiabetic anemic subjectswhen compared to control (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our study depicted that while diagnosing Diabetes mellitus in iron deficient patientsone should be carefull as HbA1c is not a very reliable parameter to assess glycemic control in iron deficiency anemia patients.

scholarly journals Effect of iron supplementation on maximal oxygen uptake in female athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Radjen ◽  
Goran Radjen ◽  
Mirjana Zivotic-Vanovic ◽  
Sonja Radakovic ◽  
Nadja Vasiljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Iron ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Deficient Group

Background/Aim. Iron is a vital constituent of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and some mitochondrial enzymes; therefore, body iron deficiency may result in reduced aerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of daily oral iron supplementation on body iron status, and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in female athletes with latent iron deficiency, as well as with irondeficiency anemia. Methods. A total of 37 female volleyball players were included in the study. Seventeen female athletes had latent iron deficiency, and 20 ones iron deficiency anemia. Both groups were divided into the experimental and the control group. The experimental groups received a daily oral iron supplement (200 mg ferrous sulfate), for a two-month training course. Iron status was determined by serum parameters as follows: red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration, serum iron and ferritin levels, an unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and transferrin saturation. VO2max was determined by an indirect test. Results. Statistical difference between the latent iron deficient group versus the iron deficient anemic group was found regarding VO2max (p < 0.001). There were correlations between hemoglobin concentration and VO2max in the latent iron deficient group, as well as in the iron deficient anaemic group (p < 0.05). After two months, there was a significant increase in VO2max in all groups (from 7.0% to 18.2%). Values of VO2max at the end of training period were significantly different (45.98 ? 1.76 vs 42.40 ? 1.22 mL/kg/min; p <0.001) between the experimental and the control group only in female athletes with iron deficiency anemia. After the supplementation, markers of iron status were significantly higher in supplemented groups than in the controls. Conclusion. VO2max was significantly lower in the iron deficient anemic group versus the latent iron deficient group. Iron supplementation during a two-month training period significantly improved body iron status in the iron deficient female athletes with or without anemia, and significantly increased VO2max only in the subjects with iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals The effect of iron dextran injection on oral candidiasis symptoms in experimental iron deficiency anemia of laboratory rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Saad Jaafar Rashak ◽  
Sanaa Jameel Thamer ◽  
Abdullah H. Alsaadoon ◽  
Maha Khalil Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Oral Thrush

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia that causes various health problems and is commonly companied by oral symptoms, including oral thrush from Candida infection. The study assessed the role of iron status in the pathogenicity of oral candidiasis in an animal model. IDA in rats was produced by feeding on iron-free diet (five weeks), followed by inducing oral candidiasis by Candida albicans suspension. After the infection, animal subgroups were treated by intramuscular injection (IM) of iron dextran (ID) at 2 and 4 mg/kg once a week for three weeks and normal saline injection for comparison. Blood parameters test and tongue histopathological study were conducted. The IDA parameters and the oral thrush lesions were detected in experimental rats. IM of 2 mg ID diminished oral white patches and improved blood hemoglobin (14.533 g/dl), serum iron (109.177 μg/dl), and serum ferritin (5.276 ng/ml) and decreased total iron-binding capacity (377.000 μg/dl). Tongue sections showed normal tongue papillae, reduced inflammation and regular keratin deposition on papillae. At a 4 mg dose, despite the improvement in the blood parameters, a mild reduction was found in tongue thrush by less normal appearance of tongue papillae sections, mild inflammatory cells and hyperplasia of squamous epithelium. The study findings indicate that iron status plays a critical role in the treatment of oral thrush infection.

scholarly journals Consumption of a Double-Fortified Salt Affects Perceptual, Attentional, and Mnemonic Functioning in Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 2297-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Wenger ◽  
Laura E Murray-Kolb ◽  
Julie EH Nevins ◽  
Sudha Venkatramanan ◽  
Gregory A Reinhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Mnemonic Function

Abstract Background: Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia have been shown to have negative effects on aspects of perception, attention, and memory. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the extent to which increases in dietary iron consumption are related to improvements in behavioral measures of perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function. Methods: Women were selected from a randomized, double-blind, controlled food-fortification trial involving ad libitum consumption of either a double-fortified salt (DFS) containing 47 mg potassium iodate/kg and 3.3 mg microencapsulated ferrous fumarate/g (1.1 mg elemental Fe/g) or a control iodized salt. Participants' blood iron status (primary outcomes) and cognitive functioning (secondary outcomes) were assessed at baseline and after 10 mo at endline. The study was performed on a tea plantation in the Darjeeling district of India. Participants (n = 126; 66% iron deficient and 49% anemic at baseline) were otherwise healthy women of reproductive age, 18–55 y. Results: Significant improvements were documented for iron status and for perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function in the DFS group (percentage of variance accounted for: 16.5%) compared with the control group. In addition, the amount of change in perceptual and cognitive performance was significantly (P < 0.05) related to the amount of change in blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 16.0%) and baseline concentrations of blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 25.0%). Overall, there was evidence that the strongest effects of change in iron status were obtained for perceptual and low-level attentional function. Conclusion: DFS produced measurable and significant improvements in the perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic performance of Indian female tea pickers of reproductive age. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01032005.

Fortification of tempeh with encapsulated iron improves iron status and gut microbiota composition in iron deficiency anemia condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Jati Kusuma ◽  
Aviria Ermamilia
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Iron Fortification ◽  
Iron Matrix ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Purpose Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most major micronutrient deficiencies worldwide. Food fortification is one strategy for reducing IDA in the population despite concern regarding the gut pathogenic bacteria overgrowth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of iron encapsulation in banana peel matrix on iron status and gut microbiota composition in iron deficiency anemia. Design/methodology/approach Anemia was induced in 35 male Sprague Dawley rats of age two weeks by the administration of iron-free diet for two weeks. Rats then randomly divided into control, iron-fortified tempeh (temFe) dose 10 and 20 ppm, iron matrix-fortified tempeh dose 10 and 20 ppm and iron matrix fortified tempeh dose 10 and 20 ppm with probiotic mixture. Blood was drawn at Weeks 2 and 6 for hemoglobin and serum iron analysis. Rats were sacrificed at the end of Week 6, and cecal contents were collected for Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria and Enterobactericeae analysis. Findings Hemoglobin and serum iron were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in all iron-fortified group with the highest value found in iron matrix dose 20 ppm (10.71 ± 0.15 g/dl and 335.83 ± 2.17 µg/dl, respectively). The cecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria did not differ significantly between groups. Cecal Enterobactericeae was significantly different (p < 0.05) among groups with the lowest level in the temFe-20 (2.65 ± 0.78 log CFU) group. Research limitations/implications The use of commercial inoculum instead of pure Rhizopus oligosporus mold for developing the fortified tempeh may impact the effect of product on cecal gut microbiota composition, as different molds and lactic acid bacteria can grow in tempeh when using commercial inoculum. Social implications In Indonesia, iron fortification is conducted primarily in noodles and flour that limits the impact of iron fortification for reducing IDA in population. Iron fortification in food that was daily consumed by people, that is, tempeh, is potential strategy in reducing IDA in population. Originality/value Tempeh fortification using encapsulated iron improved iron status and gut microbiota composition in iron deficiency anemia.

scholarly journals Occurrence of neonatal diarrhea in calves with iron-deficiency anemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Radisa Prodanovic ◽  
Sreten Nedic ◽  
Oliver Radanovic ◽  
Vesna Milicevic ◽  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neonatal Calves ◽  
Diarrheic Calves

Introduction. Neonatal calves are often deficient in iron. Accumulating evidence indicates that iron status is associated with disease pathologies including diarrhea. Our objective was to examine the association between iron status and gut function in neonatal calves with and without a history of calf diarrhea. Materials and Methods. Calves were divided into two groups based on their history of diarrhea; the first group were diarrheic calves (n=6) and the second group were non-diarrheic healthy calves (n=6). Blood samples (n=12) were collected at day 12 of age and erythrogram determination and measurements of serum iron and total iron binding capacity were performed. Hematological values were measured using an automatic analyzer, and biochemical properties were determined spectrophotometrically. Fecal samples were obtained from all calves and pH measured using semi quantitative test strips as well as being examined by bacterial cultivation for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Clostridium perfringens, by RT-PCR for the presence of bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus and bovine viral diarrhea virus, and by microscopy for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum. Results and Conclusions. There were significant iron-related changes for most hematological indices in diarrheic calves; and iron (Fe) deficiency and microcytic, hypochromic anemia were diagnosed. The pH of the feces was significantly higher in diarrheic calves than in the non-diarrheic healthy group (P<0.01). All fecal samples were negative for the analyzed enteric pathogens. According to the results obtained, calves experiencing iron deficiency anemia exhibit changes in gut function leading to diarrhea as compared with a matched group of healthy calves.

scholarly journals Comparisons Between Serum Levels of Hepcidin and Leptin in Male College-Level Endurance Runners and Sprinters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Nirengi ◽  
Hirokazu Taniguchi ◽  
Aya Ishibashi ◽  
Mami Fujibayashi ◽  
Nao Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
College Level ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Male College ◽  
Endurance Runners

Background: Hepcidin-25 is a 25 amino acid hepatokine and a key regulator of iron metabolism related to iron deficiency anemia. Recent studies have suggested that an elevated hepcidin level is correlated with low energy availability. Leptin is an appetite-suppressing adipokine and has been reported to stimulate hepcidin production in animals and cultured cells. While leptin is modulated by exercise, it is known that endurance runners and sprinters practice different types of exercise. This study investigated and compared the relationships between hepcidin and leptin levels, iron status, and body fat to understand better the risk of iron deficiency anemia in endurance runners and sprinters.Methods: Thirty-six male college track and field athletes (15 endurance runners and 21 sprinters) were recruited for this study. Dietary intake, body composition, and blood levels of ferritin, hepcidin-25, leptin, and adiponectin were measured. Correlations between hepcidin levels and ferritin, body fat, leptin, and adiponectin were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient for each group.Results: The endurance runners had lower hepcidin levels and higher leptin and adiponectin levels compared with sprinters. Ferritin was positively correlated with hepcidin-25 levels in both the endurance and sprinter groups. A positive correlation was observed between hepcidin-25 and body fat or leptin levels only in sprinters.Conclusion: This is the first study investigating the relationship between blood levels of hepcidin and leptin in athletes. The positive correlation between hepcidin-25 and leptin was observed in sprinters but not endurance runners.

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