scholarly journals Plants exhibit significant effects on the rhizospheric microbiome across contrasting soils in tropical and subtropical China

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangqi Xu ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Chunling Chang ◽  
Xiujun Li ◽  
Chunjie Tian

ABSTRACT The rhizospheric microbiome appears to be one of the key determinants of plant health and productivity. In this study, to understand the assembly process of the rhizospheric microbiome, the effects of different sites, soils and plants on the rhizospheric microbiome were compared and examined using high-throughput sequencing. A series of comparisons of rhizospheric microbiomes were conducted using two plants (wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) and L. hexandra (Leersia hexandra Swartz)), two soils (high nutrient and low nutrient) and two sites (Guangdong and Hainan provinces in China). The results of the redundancy analysis, between-class analysis and coinertia analysis indicated that the factors shaping the rhizospheric microbiome (in decreasing order of strength), were the site, soil and plant. The effects of plants on the rhizospheric microbiome were slight and unobvious, with relatively low-explained variations and few core groups and indicator groups; however, the effects were significant across different sites and soils, especially for specific microbial groups that are closely associated with plants, such as pathogens, symbionts, and saprotrophs. Furthermore, rhizospheric fungi were more strongly influenced by plants than rhizospheric bacteria. Our results provide insights into the relationships among multiple factors that shape the rhizospheric microbiome in natural ecosystems and highlight the effects of plants across regional environmental shifts.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
Sixue Shi ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yu Duan ◽  
...  

In this study, we analyzed microbial community composition and the functional capacities of degraded sites and restored/natural sites in two typical wetlands of Northeast China—the Phragmites marsh and the Carex marsh, respectively. The degradation of these wetlands, caused by grazing or land drainage for irrigation, alters microbial community components and functional structures, in addition to changing the aboveground vegetation and soil geochemical properties. Bacterial and fungal diversity at the degraded sites were significantly lower than those at restored/natural sites, indicating that soil microbial groups were sensitive to disturbances in wetland ecosystems. Further, a combined analysis using high-throughput sequencing and GeoChip arrays showed that the abundance of carbon fixation and degradation, and ~95% genes involved in nitrogen cycling were increased in abundance at grazed Phragmites sites, likely due to the stimulating impact of urine and dung deposition. In contrast, the abundance of genes involved in methane cycling was significantly increased in restored wetlands. Particularly, we found that microbial composition and activity gradually shifts according to the hierarchical marsh sites. Altogether, this study demonstrated that microbial communities as a whole could respond to wetland changes and revealed the functional potential of microbes in regulating biogeochemical cycles.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junrui Wang ◽  
Jinxia Shi ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Xiping Sun ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-ai HE ◽  
Da-hui HUANG ◽  
Rong-bai LI ◽  
Yong-fu QIU ◽  
Jian-dong SONG ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2964-2977
Author(s):  
Dinh T. Lam ◽  
Bui C. Buu ◽  
Nguyen T. Lang ◽  
Kinya Toriyama ◽  
Ikuo Nakamura ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Chuanqin Zheng ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Xinhui Zhao ◽  
Tianze Yan ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8722
Author(s):  
Jiale Li ◽  
Samiul Islam ◽  
Pengfei Guo ◽  
Xiaoqing Hu ◽  
Wubei Dong

Antimicrobial genes are distributed in all forms of life and provide a primary defensive shield due to their unique broad-spectrum resistance activities. To better isolate these genes, we used the Bacillus subtilis expression system as the host cells to build Oryza rufipogon Griff cDNA libraries and screen potential candidate genes from the library at higher flux using built-in indicator bacteria. We observed that the antimicrobial peptides OrR214 and OrR935 have strong antimicrobial activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as several fungal pathogens. Owing to their high thermal and enzymatic stabilities, these two peptides can also be used as field biocontrol agents. Furthermore, we also found that the peptide OrR214 (MIC 7.7–10.7 μM) can strongly inhibit bacterial growth compared to polymyxin B (MIC 5–25 μM) and OrR935 (MIC 33–44 μM). The cell flow analysis, reactive oxygen burst, and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission electron microscopy) observations showed that the cell membranes were targeted by peptides OrR214 and OrR935, which revealed the mode of action of bacteriostasis. Moreover, the hemolytic activity, toxicity, and salt sensitivity experiments demonstrated that these two peptides might have the potential to be used for clinical applications. Overall, OrR214 and OrR935 antimicrobial peptides have a high-throughput bacteriostatic activity that acts as a new form of antimicrobial agent and can be used as a raw material in the field of drug development.


2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
DWINITA WIKAN UTAMI ◽  
HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR ◽  
SUGIONO MOELJOPAWIRO ◽  
IDA HANARIDA ◽  
REFLINUR

Plant Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 201-202 ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyang Lei ◽  
Lubin Tan ◽  
Fengxia Liu ◽  
Liyun Chen ◽  
Chuanqing Sun

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