Physical activity, body mass index, and blood progranulin in older adults: cross-sectional associations in the MAPT study

Author(s):  
Jérémy Raffin ◽  
Davide Angioni ◽  
Kelly V Giudici ◽  
Philippe Valet ◽  
Geetika Aggarwal ◽  
...  

Abstract Physical activity (PA) has been shown to moderate the negative effects of obesity on pro-inflammatory cytokines but its relationship with the adipokine progranulin (PGRN) remains poorly investigated. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional main and interactive associations of body mass index (BMI) and PA level with circulating PGRN in older adults. Five-hundred and twelve subjects aged 70 years and over involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial (MAPT) Study who underwent plasma PGRN measurements (ng/ml) were included. Self –reported PA levels were assessed using questionnaires. People were classified into three BMI categories: normal weight, overweight or obesity. Further categorization using PA tertiles was used to define highly active, moderately active and low active individuals. Multiple linear regressions were performed in order to test the associations of BMI, PA level, and their interaction with PGRN levels. Multiple linear regressions adjusted by age, sex, diabetes mellitus status, total cholesterol, creatinine level and MAPT group demonstrated significant interactive associations of BMI status and continuous PA such that in people without obesity, higher PA levels were associated with lower PGRN concentrations, while an opposite pattern was found in individuals with obesity. In addition, continuous BMI was positively associated with circulating PGRN in highly active individuals but not in their less active peers. This cross-sectional study demonstrated reverse patterns in older adults with obesity compared to those without obesity regarding the relationships between PA and PGRN levels. Longitudinal and experimental investigations are required to understand the mechanisms that underlie the present findings.

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Swartz ◽  
Scott Strath ◽  
Sarah Parker ◽  
Nora Miller ◽  
Linda Cieslik

Background:The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which physical activity (PA) is related to obesity in older adults when accounting for race/ethnicity.Methods:Cross-sectional data were collected on 214 older adults (72.3 ± 8.9 y; body mass index [BMI] 28.9 ± 6.0; 151 females; 96 non-White). Measures of body height and mass were collected; BMI was calculated. PA was assessed via an electronic pedometer worn for seven consecutive days.Results:“White” subjects accumulated 5036 ± 286 steps/d. “Non-White” subjects accumulated significantly fewer steps/d (3671 ± 253 steps/d; z = −3.45, P = 0.001). Race/ethnicity, income, age, gender, and steps/d accounted for 27.4% (P < 0.001) of the variance in BMI, with steps/d accounting for 21.2% (P < 0.001). The most influential factor in this model was PA level (β = −0.510), followed by age (β = −0.220), and finally gender being the least influential, but still a significant factor (β = 0.168).Conclusion:Although race/ethnicity and income have been associated with obesity levels, this study shows that older adults who accumulate more ambulatory activity tend to have healthier levels of BMI irrespective of race/ethnicity or income.


2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 5914-5920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Matsushita ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsumura ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  

Abstract The β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is expressed mainly in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to lipolysis and the delivery of free fatty acids to the portal vein. Although many studies have examined the relationship between the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 and obesity, the results have been inconsistent. We examined the cross-sectional relationship of ADRB3 variants with indexes of obesity, and their longitudinal changes over 10 yr, in men and women, aged 40–69 yr, who were randomly selected from the Japanese rural population. The study considered both dietary energy intake and physical activity levels. Among the 746 participants, the genotype frequencies of the Trp64Trp, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg variants were 483, 224, and 39, respectively. The cross-sectional analysis showed no significant differences in height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterols, and hemoglobin A1c among the genotype groups even after adjustments for gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and energy intake. No significant differences in the weight changes between the genotype groups were evident in the longitudinal analysis. We conclude that the Trp64Arg mutation of ADRB3 has little or no influence on either body weight or body mass index in the general Japanese population.


Author(s):  
Maria do Socorro Simoes ◽  
Fernando Wehrmeister ◽  
Marcello Romiti ◽  
Antonio de Toledo Gagliardi ◽  
Rodolfo Arantes ◽  
...  

We investigated if cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between obesity and the level of physical activity. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 746 adults, free of diagnosed cardiorespiratory or locomotor diseases. We analyzed sociodemographic and clinical information, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometry, and level of physical activity (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Those that spent more time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were younger, male, with lower body mass index, without self-reported arterial blood hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, non-smokers, and presented with better cardiorespiratory fitness. The linear regression coefficients showed that cardiorespiratory fitness changes according to the level of physical activity and body mass index (obesity in low cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.0, p = 0.213, 95%CI -3.5 to 15.6; in intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness: β 6.3, p = 0.114, 95%CI -1.5 to 14.2; in high cardiorespiratory fitness: β -6.3, p = 0.304, 95%CI -18.4 to 5.8). This effect modification trend was present after adjusting the model by covariates. Cardiorespiratory fitness potentially modifies the association between body mass index and the level of physical activity. It should be routinely assessed to identify persons with overweight/ obesity with low/ intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness to prescribe individualized training.


MEDIKORA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prijo Sudibjo ◽  
Novita Intan Arovah ◽  
Rachmah Laksmi Ambardini

Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan dipersiapkan menjadi pelatih yang kompeten. Salah satu kompetensi yang diperlukan oleh pelatih adalah pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam pengukuran tingkat aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi dan status antropometrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami pengukuran level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi cross sectional pada 30 mahasiswa Program Stusi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY yang telah menempuh mata kuliah Anatomi. Pengukuran tingkat pemahaman dilaksanakan dengan metode tes. Level aktivitas fisik diukur dengan kuesioner IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), status kecukupan energi diukur dengan membagi antara asupan kalori dibagi dengan kebutuhan kalori, dan status antropometris dinilai dengan menggunakan rumus BMI (body mass index) dansomatotype berdasarkan Health Charter Manual. Data diolah secara deskriptif dan korelatif menggunakan analisis Korelasi Pearson untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat pemahaman dan status level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik dengan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada semua mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY mempunyai level aktivitas fisik yang baik (skor IPAQ rata-rata 7248,13 ± 2420,58 METS), dan status kecukupan energi yang baik pula (rata-rata kecukupan energi sebesar 96,62 ± 19,81%). Di sisi lain, status gizi pada 90 % mahasiswa menunjukkan kriteria yang normal. Uji Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang sangat kuat antara tingkat pemahaman level aktivitas fisik dan level aktivitas fisik (korelasi 0.902 dan p < 0,05), namun tidak terbukti adanya korelasi yang signifikan (p > 0,05) antara tingkat pemahaman dan status kecukupan energi dan status gizi yang secara berurutan didapatkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,27 dan 0,048.Kata Kunci: level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi, status antropometrik


2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trenda D. Ray ◽  
Angela Green ◽  
Karen Henry

AbstractBackgroundChildren with congenital cardiac disease experience challenges in developing healthy patterns of physical activity due to decreased exercise capacity and parental fear and confusion about what is permissible. The purpose of this study was to describe physical activity habits in children 10–14 years of age with congenital cardiac disease and the relationship of those habits to obesity as defined by body mass index.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used self-report measures and clinical data to describe the association between physical activity participation and body mass index in 10- to 14-year-old children with congenital cardiac disease. Further, physical activity levels were compared between children who were overweight or obese and those who were not.ResultsChildren (n = 84; 51 males; 33 females) reported low rates of physical activity compared to reports on healthy children. Only 9.5% were overweight (body mass index between the 85th and 94th percentile), and alarmingly 26% were obese (body mass index at or above the 95th percentile). Physical activity and body mass index were not significantly correlated (r = −0.11, p = 0.45) and there was no significant difference in mean physical activity (t = 0.67) between children who were overweight or obese and those who were not.ConclusionsChildren in this study reported low rates of physical activity and a higher obesity rate than was reported in previous studies. However, the two were not significantly correlated. Further research is indicated to determine the specific factors contributing to obesity and to test interventions to combat obesity in children with congenital cardiac disease.


Author(s):  
Yangchang Zhang ◽  
Yang Xiong ◽  
Jia Dong ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Xiaoman Tang ◽  
...  

Background: This paper investigates the problems regarding caffeinated drinks intake, late chronotype, and increased body mass index (BMI) among medical students at a Chinese university. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 with 616 medical students from Chongqing Medical University in Chongqing, China, whose information were collected by a self-reported questionnaire that included four sections: Demographic characteristics; Caffeinated drinks intake and physical state; Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21. Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to test the impact of late chronotype on increased BMI through caffeinated drinks consumption through two models. Results: The significantly mediated effect of caffeinated drinks consumption was revealed (estimate: −0.01, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.02, −0.01]), and which played a positive role in linking late chronotype (B = −0.01, SE = 0.01, p < 0.001) and increased BMI (B = 1.37, SE = 0.21, p < 0.01), but their significant association did not be found in reversed model. In addition, physical activity and inactivity times demonstrated significant indirect effects in the two models. Conclusions: Interventions should focus on reducing caffeinated drinks intake and sedentary behavior time, enhancing physical activity among medical students.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Herman Yosef Limpat Wihastyoko ◽  
Dorothea R. Kusumaningrat ◽  
Ellenora R. Mustikaningrat ◽  
Gisella S. Wruhastanti ◽  
Edith S. Rinhastyanti

COVID-19 pandemic has become the major problem over the world since 2019. This spreading has affected every section in Indonesia. Therefore, social distancing and restriction have been the primary solution this far. However, this policy trigger high sedentary behavior and could affect Body Mass Index (BMI) profile. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Work From Home (WFH) frequency and BMI profile during COVID-19 based on physical activity. A total of 205 participants aged 18 and over who were students, private and government employees were participated in a cross-sectional study. Participants were given a questionnaire through google form online and completed the questions about duration of WFH, BMI status, and physical activity. All of the variables were analyzed. Participants engaged in this study were 40% students, 33% private employees, 27% government employees. The majority of the population had overweight BMI status (39.2%). Furthermore, most participants were doing light physical activity (74.5%). About 46.1 % of the participants rarely doing WFH (1-2 days). On the other side, a population with overweight BMI status were often doing WFH. Based on the research about the effect of pandemic on BMI profile, it can be concluded that the BMI status of the majority of respondents is overweight, and most of the respondent’s physical activity are rare. The amount of WFH frequencies can affect BMI status profile.


Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia E Longmuir ◽  
Mary Corey ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Jennifer L Russell ◽  
Brian W McCrindle

Introduction: This cross-sectional study evaluated the healthy, active lifestyle capacity (daily physical activity, strength, flexibility, body composition) of children after Fontan, which was hypothesized to be lower than healthy peers. Methods: Participants (n=64, 25 female) were 9 ± 2 years of age. Fontan completion occurred at 3 ± 1 years of age. Canadian Health Measures Survey protocols assessed aerobic endurance (walking up/down steps at set pace), strength (handgrip dynamometry), flexibility (sit and reach), body composition (body mass index) and daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (7-day accelerometry). Participant versus published norm differences were evaluated with t-tests. Linear regression evaluated associations with age/gender/demographic factors. Results: Children after Fontan had strength scores similar (mean difference 1 kg) to their peers, were less likely to be obese (mean difference of body mass index = 1.1 ± 2.5, p=.001) and performed 50 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per day. Estimated maximal aerobic endurance (mean difference = 21 ± 3 ml/kg/min or 61% of expected) and flexibility (mean difference = 9 ± 8 cm or 64% of expected) were lower than peers(p<.001). Participants performed fewer minutes of daily activity (mean difference from normal 12 ± 17 minutes/day, p<.001), but almost all (60/63) demonstrated the capacity for at least 20 minutes per day. Daily activity was higher with Fontan completion at a younger age (4 ± 2 mins/year) and for those taking antithrombotic medication (7 ± 18 and 22 ± 17 fewer minutes/day for those taking/not taking antithrombotics, respectively). Conclusions: Children after Fontan demonstrate the capacity to successfully perform the daily physical activity associated with optimal health. They have similar levels of strength and good body composition. We recommend that children after Fontan be counselled to expect that they can successfully participate in physically active peer play.


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