Optimal shape of the harvest control rule for different fishery management objectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Yagi ◽  
Takashi Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Optimal Shape ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Average Catch ◽  
Stock Collapse

Abstract To determine the optimal shape of the harvest control rule (HCR) achieving common fisheries management objectives (maximizing the average catch, reducing the deviation of yields, and avoiding stock collapse) and ensure robustness to observation errors, we estimate the optimal values of biological reference points (BRPs) composing the HCR. While traditional HCRs usually consist of three BRPs based on the fishing mortality coefficient (F3-HCR), we introduce an alternative HCR defined by 21 BRPs based on the catch levels (C21-HCR) to cover various possible shapes of HCR including smooth ones. We compare the shape and the performance between the optimal C21-HCR and the optimal F3-HCR and conclude that the optimal HCR can be composed of the gradual combination of the basic strategies: the constant escapement strategy, the constant harvest rate (CHR) strategy, and the constant catch strategy. However, the current F3-HCR does not necessarily allow this combination and generally returns lower performance levels than the optimal C21-HCR (since the basic strategy is confined to CHR) excluding the range of low biomass. This result will provide a clear perspective to improve HCR according to the magnitude of assessment errors and to compromise multiple fisheries management objectives when various stakeholders are involved.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of a cpue-based harvest control rule for the southern and eastern scalefish and shark fishery of Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Richard Little ◽  
Sally E. Wayte ◽  
Geoffrey N. Tuck ◽  
Anthony D. M. Smith ◽  
Neil Klaer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Parameter Values

Abstract Little, L. R., Wayte, S. E., Tuck, G. N., Smith, A. D. M., Klaer, N., Haddon, M., Punt, A. E., Thomson, R., Day, J., and Fuller, M. 2011. Development and evaluation of a cpue-based harvest control rule for the southern and eastern scalefish and shark fishery of Australia. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1699–1705. Many fishery management agencies are adopting harvest control rules (HCRs) to achieve harvest policies and management objectives. HCRs, however, often require data-intensive stock assessments to facilitate the harvest prescription. An HCR based on catch and catch per unit effort (cpue) was developed for the southern and eastern scalefish and shark fishery of Australia, for stocks that lack the data needed to conduct a full statistical catch-at-age assessment. The HCR produces a recommended biological catch and is characterized by two parameters, target cpue and target catch, both derived from historical data. Simulation tests showed that the HCR could guide the stock to the desired state from different initial levels of depletion. However, the selection of parameter values for the HCR was critical. Achieving fishery objectives was difficult when the target catch was a function of recent catch, rather than data from a predefined historical reference period. Problems may also arise when specifying the reference period on which the HCR parameters are determined. The cpue-based HCR is a valuable tool for managing fisheries where monitoring and assessment activities are relatively expensive, or in general, where data are scarce.

Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Flexible Management ◽  
Water Uses

<em>Abstract</em>.—Effective means to directly engage the public in determining reservoir fishery management objectives and strategies is a common challenge to managers. This paper examines the experiences and lessons acquired from three separate situations in which citizen advisory committees were used to assist fishery management biologists in resolving conflicts and setting management objectives for three lakes in Arkansas. Benefits included a better understanding on both the part of anglers and agency biologists of their respective motivations and preferences, a greater sense of shared ownership of solutions, and a well-defined but flexible management plan. The effectiveness of citizen advisory committees was challenged by dissent and mistrust among advisory committee members, failure of committee members to communicate management plans outside the committee proper, political intervention, and the threat to agency credibility if the agreed plans fail to be implemented. Citizen advisory committees can be an effective tool for crafting reservoir fishery management plans.

scholarly journals A multi-stock harvest control rule based on “pretty good yield” ranges to support mixed-fisheries management

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorleta Garcia ◽  
Paul J Dolder ◽  
Ane Iriondo ◽  
Claire Moore ◽  
Raúl Prellezo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management

Abstract Advice for commercially exploited fish stocks is usually given on a stock-by-stock basis. In light of the ecosystem-based fisheries management, the need to move towards a holistic approach has been largely acknowledged. In addition, the discard bans in some countries requires consistent catch advice among stocks to mitigate choke species limiting fisheries activity. In this context, in 2015, the European Commission proposed the use of fishing mortality ranges around fishing mortality targets to give flexibility to the catch advice system and improve the use of fishing opportunities in mixed-fisheries. We present a multi-stock harvest control rule (HCR) that uses single stock assessment results and fishing mortality ranges to generate a consistent catch advice among stocks. We tested the performance of the HCR in two different case studies. An artificial case study with three stocks exploited simultaneously by a single fleet and the demersal mixed-fishery operating in Bay of Biscay and Celtic Sea. The HCR produced consistent catch advice among stocks when there was only a single fleet exploiting them. Even more, the HCR removed the impact of the discard ban. However, in a multi-fleet framework the performance of the HCR varied depending on the characteristics of the fleets.

scholarly journals Evaluating a harvest control rule to improve the sustainability of Japanese fisheries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Okamura ◽  
Momoko Ichinokawa ◽  
Ray Hilborn
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
The World ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Future Status

AbstractFisheries management in Japan is currently at a turning point. MSY based reference points have historically been rejected because of impacts on the fishing industry that would result from their adoption. We propose and evaluate a new harvest control rule (HCR) that uses the biological reference points based on sustainable yield from the stochastic hockey-stick stock recruitment relationship. Management strategy evaluation simulations conditioned on data from Japanese stocks demonstrate that the new HCR avoided recruitment overfishing while providing stable and near maximum catch. The new HCR outperformed Japan’s traditional HCR in terms of conservation, and it outperformed an alternative HCR which is widely used around the world in terms of initial catch reduction and future catch variation. For forecasting and hindcasting simulations, the new HCR showed considerable improvements over traditional HCRs in terms of biomass and catch. This new management procedure can improve the current and future status of many overfished stocks in Japan as well as increase economic efficiency and better protect ecosystems.

scholarly journals Self-starting cumulative sum harvest control rule (SS-CUSUM-HCR) for status-quo management of data-limited fisheries

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak George Pazhayamadom ◽  
Ciarán J. Kelly ◽  
Emer Rogan ◽  
Edward A. Codling
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Cumulative Sum ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Harvest Control Rule

We demonstrate a harvest control rule based on the self-starting cumulative sum (SS-CUSUM) control chart that can maintain a fish stock at its starting (status-quo) level. The SS-CUSUM is an indicator monitoring tool commonly used in quality control engineering and does not require a long time series or predefined reference point for detecting temporal trends. The reference points in SS-CUSUM are calibrated in the form of running means that are updated on an ongoing basis when new observations become available. The SS-CUSUM can be initiated with as few as two observations in the time series and can be applied long before many other methods, soon after initial data become available. A wide range of stock indicators can be monitored, but in this study, we demonstrate the method using an equally weighted sum of two indicators: a recruitment indicator and a large fish indicator from a simulated fishery. We assume that no life history data are available other than 2 years of both indicator data and current harvest levels when the SS-CUSUM initiates. The signals generated from SS-CUSUM trigger a harvest control rule (SS-CUSUM-HCR), where the shift that occurs in the indicator time series is computed and is used as an adjustment factor for updating the total allowable catch. Our study shows that the SS-CUSUM-HCR can maintain the fish stock at its starting status-quo level (even for overfished initial states) but has limited scope if the fishery is already in an undesirable state such as a stock collapse. We discuss how the SS-CUSUM approach could be adapted to move beyond a status-quo management strategy, if additional information on the desirable state of the fishery is available.

Transforming reef fisheries management: application of an ecosystem-based approach in the USA Caribbean

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD S. APPELDOORN
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

SUMMARYFisheries in Puerto Rico and the United States (US) Virgin Islands are predominately dependent on nearshore coral reef ecosystems and have suffered from historical overfishing. The unique characteristics of reef fisheries, including strong habitat dependence, susceptibility to coastal impacts, diffuse landing sites and strong multispecies and multigear interactions suggest that standard approaches to fisheries management, especially those typically considered by the US Regional Fishery Management Councils, would not be applicable. Current management authority is split between local and federal agencies; however, there exists no uniform context and direction to current management initiatives, which results in lost efficiencies and opportunities. Proposed here is a new vision for fisheries management that takes into consideration the local ecological and socioeconomic characteristics of fishing, is compatible with regional resources and capacity, is ecosystem based and targets full stakeholder participation. Only an ecosystem-based approach can lead fisheries management out of the trap of unrealistic data collection and analysis demands, while at the same time refocusing emphasis away from attitudes and practices that promote overfishing. Management must be based on first principles regarding the desired state of the ecosystem and initiate strategies based on these principles. The key management goal is not to maximize fisheries catch, but to maintain the ecosystem in a state that will lead to sustained production. First principles would include maintaining ecosystem integrity and function, protecting all habitats and water quality, applying the precautionary approach, monitoring reference points and recognizing that production has limits. Resulting management tactics include marine reserves (to meet multiple goals), closed spawning aggregations, gear restrictions to maintain trophic balance and habitats, targeted data collection and assessments, adopting co-management practices and using ecosystem or community-based metrics. Fisheries management must fully incorporate the tools, resources and methods available within coastal zone management and other environmental agencies, while standards within those programmes must protect ecosystem health. Implementation will require attending to structural barriers inherent within existing fisheries legislation and regulations, multiple jurisdictions and the current cultures of scientists, managers and fisherfolk. Initial efforts should focus on developing a common language and frame of reference for all stakeholders.

scholarly journals Assessment on the governance of fisheries management at fishery management area in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 716 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
Umi Muawanah ◽  
Nendah Kurniasari ◽  
Radityo Pramodha ◽  
Armen Zulham ◽  
Lathifatul Rosyidah
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Area

scholarly journals Balanced harvesting in fisheries: a preliminary analysis of management implications‡

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1668-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Garcia ◽  
J. Rice ◽  
A. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Multispecies Fisheries ◽  
Natural Productivity ◽  
Partial Implementation ◽  
Spawning Sites

Abstract Balanced harvest (BH) proposes to distribute a moderate mortality from fishing across the widest possible range of species, stocks, and sizes in an ecosystem, in proportion to their natural productivity so that the relative size and species composition are maintained, in line with the CBD requirement for sustainable use. This proposal has many and not always intuitive implications for fisheries management, e.g. in relation to selectivity, protection of juveniles and spawning sites, models of harvesting strategies, a focus on size and species, the impacts of discarding, aspects of emblematic species and ecosystem services, operational complexity, partial implementation, ecosystem rebuilding, and relations with broader management frameworks. The paper closes with a discussion of BH implementation, concluding that a logical step would be to integrate several separate initiatives to move fisheries into a more ecosystem-conscious context. Implementation challenges will be encountered, but there are lessons to be drawn from fishery ecosystems already close to BH, as in some tropical multispecies fisheries, and further, the implementation challenges are already being taken on in many well-managed fisheries and areas as management begins to address the realities of what ecosystem-based fishery management actually entails.

Fishing catch shares in the face of global change: a framework for integrating cumulative impacts and single species management

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1968-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac C. Kaplan ◽  
Phillip S. Levin ◽  
Merrick Burden ◽  
Elizabeth A. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
English Sole ◽  
Modeling Tools

Any fishery management scheme, such as individual fishing quotas (IFQs) or marine protected areas, should be designed to be robust to potential shifts in the biophysical system. Here we couple possible catch scenarios under an IFQ scheme with ocean acidification impacts on shelled benthos and plankton, using an Atlantis ecosystem model for the US West Coast. IFQ harvest scenarios alone, in most cases, did not have strong impacts on the food web, beyond the direct effects on harvested species. However, when we added the impacts of ocean acidification, the abundance of commercially important groundfish such as English sole ( Pleuronectes vetulus ), arrowtooth flounder ( Atheresthes stomias ), and yellowtail rockfish ( Sebastes flavidus ) declined up to 20%–80%, owing to the loss of shelled prey items from their diet. English sole exhibited a 10-fold decline in potential catch and economic yield when confronted with strong acidification impacts on shelled benthos. Therefore, it seems prudent to complement IFQs with careful consideration of potential global change effects such as acidification. Our analysis provides an example of how new ecosystem modeling tools that evaluate cumulative impacts can be integrated with established management reference points and decision mechanisms.

An Alternative Perspective on Recruitment Overfishing and Biological Reference Points

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Sissenwine ◽  
J. G. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Conventional Models ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Yield Per Recruit ◽  
Spawning Biomass

Biological reference points are used to guide fisheries management decisions. The reference points most often used are expressed in terms of fishing mortality rate (F). Fmsy relates to the maximization of sustainable yield. In principle, it is a most useful reference point, but in practice it is difficult to estimate. Fmax and F0.1 relate to certain levels of yield per recruit and are easily estimated, but they ignore conservation of the resource. Recruitment overfishing has usually been understood to occur when a population has been fished down to a point where recruitment is substantially reduced or fails. It has not been used as a basis for a biological reference point because the definition is vague and cannot be readily related to fishing mortality. Levels of spawning biomass below which recruitment seems to be reduced have been used, but their determination from available data is usually difficult and controversial. We propose an alternative definition of recruitment overfishing in terms of the level of fishing pressure that reduces the spawning biomass of a year class over its lifetime below the spawning biomass of its parents on average. Conventional models and types of data can be used to determine this level of F, denoted as Frep, which clearly relates to the replacement of spawning biomass and thus to sustainability of a population and yield in the long term.

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