71 The Use of Medium Chain Fatty Acids to Reduce Porcine Reproductive Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication in MARC-145 Cells

Abstract Porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSV) costs the U.S. Swine Industry an estimated $664 million annually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) on PRRSV replication in M-145 cells. Two experiments were conducted to 1) evaluate the use of individual MCFAs (C6, C8, C10), and 2) evaluate MCFA combinations (C8/C10, C10/C12, C8/C10/C12) on viral replication of PRRSV. Experiment one used individual MCFAs at 7 concentrations from 1-1000µg/ml compared to a control. Experiment two used MCFA combinations at 6 different concentrations from 50–500µg/ml compared to a control. North American Type II P-129 PRRSV and European Type I Lelystad PRRSV strains were used. Viral replication was determined using FITC labeled IgG anti-PRRSV monoclonal antibody and TCID50 was calculated for each treatment concentration using 5 wells per treatment at each virus concentration with plates run in triplicate. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed procedures of SAS. In experiment 1, C6 had no effect on replication of PRRSV in M145 cells. C8 induced a 3.02 and 2.02 log reduction in TCID50 for type I and type II virus strains, respectively (P < 0.01) at 1000µg/ml. C10 induced a 2.85 and 3.23 log reduction in TCID50 for type I and type II virus strains, respectively (P < 0.01) at 300µg/ml. In experiment 2, C8/C10 induced a 1.9 and 2.2 log reduction in TCID50 for type I and type II virus strains, respectively (P < 0.01) at 200µg/ml. C10/C12 resulted in a 3.37 and 2.14 log reduction in TCID50 at 200µg/ml for type I and type II virus strains, respectively (P < 0.01). C8/C10/C12 resulted in a 1.34 and 1.56 log reduction in TCID50 at 200µg/ml for type I and type II virus strains (P < 0.01), respectively.

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LAURINE FATTY ACIDS, MEDIUM FATTY ACIDS AND TRIGLYCERIDES, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, RESISTANCE TO INSULIN, PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND ATEROMATOSIS

Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

10.18821/0869-2084-2019-64-2-68-77 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 68-77

Author(s):

V. N. Titov ◽

G. A. Ivanov ◽

A. M. Antonov

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Ketone Bodies ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Simultaneous Increase ◽

Type I ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Long Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Although the biochemistry of the positive effects of medium-chain fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides (TG) of the same name in vivo is not fully understood, food enriched with medium-chain LC and the same TG is effective in patients with type I diabetes, insulin resistance syndrome and in neurodegenerative pathology. Lauric C12 LC is half the FA in coconut oil. Residents of southeast Asia with constant use of coconut oil, have a low level of diseases of the cardiovascular system in the population. With a regulatory intake with food C12:0 laurin FA formed moderate ketosis and neuroprotective effect. Unlike long-chain LC, medium-chain TG cells are not deposited either in visceral fat cells, or in insulin-dependent adipocytes. Medium-chain fatty acids rapidly oxidize mitochondria; the formation of acetyl-CoA cells is used to form ketone bodies, activating thermogenesis in orange and brown adipocytes. Experiments with animals and observations in the clinic showed that taking medium-chain TG with food is more physiological than long-chain oils. This significantly increases the level of cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins. Food enriched with medium chain TG is optimal for increasing the ketone content in blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid without limiting the carbohydrate content in food. The formation of excess ketone bodies by cells can be achieved by activating the metabolic transformations of medium-chain FAs, without fasting and preserving carbohydrates in food. Coconut oil has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, preventing the formation of atherosclerosis and atheromatosis. Effective in the prevention of the pathology of the cardiovascular system is a decrease in food amounts of palmitic acid, an increase in oleic acid, polyene FA with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of medium-chain FA.

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Enhanced Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Phosphatidylcholine Modified with Medium Chain Fatty Acids

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201813666160919142811 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 377-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Angelica A. Ochoa-Flores ◽

Josafat A. Hernández-Becerra ◽

Adriana Cavazos-Garduño ◽

Ida Soto-Rodríguez ◽

Maria Guadalupe Sanchez-Otero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Effects of ketogenic diet containing medium-chain fatty acids on serum inflammatory factor and mTOR signaling pathway in rats

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ◽

10.1186/s40538-020-00194-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Huan Liu ◽

Jingwei Huang ◽

Hui Liu ◽

Feng Li ◽

Quansheng Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Ketogenic Diet ◽

Mtor Pathway ◽

Inflammatory Factor ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Medium Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Sd Rats ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Background The ketogenic diet (KD) can promote the anti-inflammatory metabolic state and increase ketone body level in rats. This study was to explore the effects and differences of KD with or without medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on serum inflammatory factors and mTOR pathway in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Results Male SD rats were assigned to five groups: control diet (C), 20% caloric restriction diet (LC), 20% caloric restriction ketogenic diet (containing MCFAs) (LCKD1), 20% caloric restriction ketogenic diet (LCKD2) and 20% caloric restriction foreign ketogenic diet (LCKD3), and fed for 30 d. LC and KD could significantly reduce the body weight of rats; LC and KD containing MCFAs showed anti-inflammatory effects; KD without MCFAs decreased the concentration of mTOR1, while KD containing MCFAs decreased the expression of AMPK, mtor1 and P70sk. Conclusions KD containing MCFAs showed better effects on the mTOR pathway and anti-inflammation than that without MCFAs.

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