478 Dietary Butyrate and Valerate Glycerides: Effects on Growth and Systemic Immunity of Weanling Piglets Coinfected with F4 and F18 Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 211-212
Author(s):  
Lauren L Kovanda ◽  
Jungjae Park ◽  
Yijie He ◽  
Sangwoo Park ◽  
Ruochen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Systemic Immunity ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Weanling Piglets

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 and F18 are the two most dominant pathogenic strains in weaned pigs. The objective of this experiment was to test the effects of dietary monobutyrin and monovalerin on performance and systemic immunity of weanling piglets coinfected with F4/F18 ETEC. Twenty weaned pigs (8.21 ± 1.23 kg) were individually housed and were randomly allotted to one of three diets: control (n = 6), 0.1% monobutyrin (n = 7), or 0.1% monovalerin (n = 7). The experiment was conducted 14 days, including 7 days’ adaption and 7 days post-inoculation (PI). On d 0, d 1, and d 2 PI, pigs were inoculated with 0.5 × 109 CFU/1.5 mL each of F4 and F18 ETEC for three consecutive days. Diarrhea score was recorded daily to determine frequency of diarrhea. Piglets and feeders were weighed throughout the trial to analyze growth performance. Fecal cultures from pigs on d 0, 2, and 4 PI were inspected to identify the absence or presence of hemolytic coliforms. Blood was collected on d 0, 4, and 7 PI for complete blood cells count. All data were analyzed by the Proc Mixed of SAS with randomized complete block design. Pigs supplemented with monovalerin and monobutyrin had numerically higher ADG (249 and 282 g/day) from d 0 to d 7 PI than pigs in control (198 g/day). Supplementation of monovalerin reduced (P < 0.05) frequency of diarrhea throughout the experiment. Pigs fed monovalerin had lower (P < 0.05) neutrophil counts on d 4 PI compared with control. Hemolytic coliforms were observed in all fecal cultures from d 2 and d 4 PI, confirming fecal shedding of ETEC. Results of this study indicate the potential benefits of monovalerin supplementation on performance and disease resistance of weaned pigs coinfected with F4 and F8 ETEC.

scholarly journals 131 Effects of Bacillus spp. probiotics on systemic immunity and intestinal health of weaned pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Yijie He ◽  
Kwangwook Kim ◽  
Cynthia Jinno ◽  
Zhaohai Wu ◽  
Rose Whelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Systemic Immunity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Abstract The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus spp. on systemic immunity and intestinal health of weaned pigs infected with F18 E. coli. Weaned pigs (n = 36, 7.61 ± 0.40 kg BW) were randomly allotted to one of three treatments: a control diet and two diets supplemented with 500 mg/kg of Bacillus spp. strain 1 (PRO1) or strain 2 (PRO2). The experiment was conducted for 28 d, including 7 d before and 21 d after the first E. coli inoculation (d 0). The doses of F18 E. coli inoculum were 1010 cfu/3 mL oral dose daily for 3 consecutive days. Serum samples were collected on d 0 before inoculation, and d 3, 7, 14, and 21 post-inoculation (PI) to measure inflammatory meditators. All pigs were euthanized on d 21 PI to collect tissue samples for gut morphology, bacterial translocation, and gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed using the Mixed Procedure of SAS. Pigs in PRO1 had reduced (P < 0.05) serum haptoglobin on d 3 and d 6 PI compared with pigs in control. Supplementation of PRO1 or PRO2 reduced (P < 0.05) total coliforms in mesenteric lymph nodes on d 21 PI. Pigs in PRO1 had greater (P < 0.05) ileal villi height than pigs in control. Pigs in PRO2 had greater (P < 0.05) sulfomucin percentage in duodenal villi and greater (P < 0.05) sialomucin percentage in jejunal villi than pigs in control. Supplementation of PRO1 also up-regulated (P < 0.05) MUC2 gene expression in jejunal mucosa but reduced (P < 0.05) COX2 and IL1B gene expression in ileal mucosa on d 21 PI, compared with control. In conclusion, supplementation of Bacillus spp. may reduce systemic inflammation and enhance intestinal health of weaned pigs infected with F18 E. coli.

PSIV-B-24 Dietary supplementation of botanicals changed blood profiles and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 393-394
Author(s):  
Braden Wong ◽  
Yijie He ◽  
Kwangwook Kim ◽  
Sharon Xu ◽  
Christopher Lingga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Blood Profiles

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary botanical supplementation on blood profiles and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets experimentally infected with a pathogenic F18 Escherichia coli (E. coli). Sixty weaned piglets (around 21 days old; 7.15 ± 0.97 kg) were individually housed and randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments (n = 12): negative control (NC), positive control (PC), high dose of botanicals blend 1 (BB1, 100 mg/kg), and low or high dose of botanicals blend 2 (BB2, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg). The experiment lasted 28 days: from day -7 to +21 relative to E. coli inoculation. All piglets except the NC group were orally inoculated with F18 E. coli (10 cfu per dose, 3 doses) for 3 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 5, 14, and 21 post-inoculation (PI) to perform complete blood count test. Intestinal segments were collected on d 5 and 21 PI for intestinal morphology analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using PROC MIXED of SAS with a randomized complete block design. E. coli infection reduced (P &lt; 0.05) neutrophils and lymphocytes, but increased (P &lt; 0.05) monocytes on d 4 PI. Pigs supplemented with 100 mg/kg BB2 had less (P &lt; 0.05) lymphocytes than pigs in PC on d 4 PI. Pigs fed with 50 mg/kg BB2 had lower (P &lt; 0.05) lymphocytes and monocytes then pigs in PC on d 21 PI. Pigs supplemented with 100 mg/kg BB2 had the greatest (P &lt; 0.05) duodenal villi width, jejunum villi height and area, and colon crypt depth then pigs in PC on d 5 PI. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of botanicals tended to affect systemic immunity and enhance intestinal morphology of weaned pigs infected with E. coli.

scholarly journals Existence of entomopathogen fungi, Beauveria bassiana as an endophyte in cacao seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Endang Sulistyowati ◽  
Febrilia Nur AINI
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogen

Beauveria bassiana is one of the entomopathogen fungi which is known as biological control agent of cocoa pod borer and cocoa mirids (Helopeltis spp.). Because of its effectiveness in the fields is still not consistent, so we conduct a research with the objective to know the possibility of Beauveria bassiana to be established as a endophyte. Various fungal entomopathogens have already been reported as endophytes and the various methods used to inoculate the plants with B. bassiana were partially effective. The research has been conducted in laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute by inoculating of cocoa seeds and cocoa nursery with B. bassiana suspension.  The trial was arranged  by randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement. The factor were spore concentration of B. bassiana (0; 2; and 4 g/ 10 l) and cocoa varieties (family of ICS 60, TSH858, and hybrid). The trial were use  four replications. The results showed that the fungal entomopathogen B. bassiana was established as an endophyte in cocoa seedling, both from cocoa seeds and nursery application. Percentage of existence of B. bassiana colonies as endophytes one month after seeds application were ICS 60 amounted to 93.3 % both on concentration treatments, while the families of TSH 858 by 80 % and 86.67 % respectively in 2 g and 4 g per 10 l of B. bassiana spores concentration treament.. The lowest percentage was in hybrids, which amounted to 66.67% and 50%. B. bassiana colonies was exixtence as an endophyte in culture from root, stem and leaves of cocoa seedling up to 5 months post inoculation. While the application on nursery by soil drenshing, leaf spraying, and stem injection , it was known that B. bassiana colonies were found in the tissues of leaves, stems, and roots until two months after application. Colonies of B. bassiana as endophytes still exsist until six weeks after nursery was planted in the field. 

Fructooligosaccharides improve growth performance and intestinal epithelium function in weaned pigs exposed to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 9599-9612
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Heng Yin ◽  
Zhiqing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Intestinal Injury ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Protective Potential

This study was conducted to explore the protective potential of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced inflammation and intestinal injury in weaned pigs.

226 Soluble fiber improved growth performance of weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
C. L. Loving ◽  
N. K. Gabler ◽  
E. R. Burrough ◽  
J. F. Patience
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Weaned Pigs
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