PSIV-15 Examining the relationship between breed type and anabolic implant protocols in performance in the feedlot, health, and temperament of beef steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Caleb C Reichhardt ◽  
Anthony F Alberto ◽  
Reganne K Briggs ◽  
Laura A Smith ◽  
Lillian L Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Exit Velocity ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Blood Temperature ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total Gain

Abstract The purpose of this research was to compare anabolic implant protocols in feedlot steers of two different breed types. Sixty steers were stratified by weight and breed in a 2 x 3 factorial design examining two different breeds: Angus (AN; n = 38) or Santa Gertrudis influenced (SG; n = 22), and three implant strategies: no implant (CON; n = 20), a moderate implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-G, d56 implant: Revalor-IS, d112 implant: Revalor-S; MOD; n = 20), or a vigorous implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-IS, d56 implant: Revalor-S, d112 implant: Revalor-200; VIG; n = 20). Steers were randomly placed into pens equipped with GrowSafe® bunks and fed the same ration. Weight, chute score (CS), exit velocity, blood, temperature, hip height and 12th rib fat thickness were collected approximately every 28d over a 112d period. Over the 112 d, SG steers tended (P = 0.10) to gain more hip height than AN steers. Anabolic implant protocol influenced total gain with both VIG and MOD steers gaining more (P < 0.01) than CON. On d 0, SG steers had a higher (P < 0.01) CS compared to AN steers, with this being maintained through the course of the trial. There was also as a tendency for there to be a breed*treatment effect (P = 0.06) on d112, with SG-MOD having a higher (P = 0.04) CS than AN-VIG, and a tendency (P = 0.08) for SG-VIG to have a higher CS than AN-VIG. Moderate and VIG implant protocols may be a useful tool to increase performance in feedlot steers. However, this research did find that SG influenced steers may have a more excitable temperament, but implant protocol did not influence (P > 0.05) temperament.

scholarly journals 184 Effect of monensin intake during a stocker phase and subsequent finishing phase on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
Caleb P Weiss ◽  
Paul A Beck ◽  
Shane Gadberry ◽  
Dexter J Tomczak ◽  
John T Richeson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Phase 0 ◽  
Stocker Cattle ◽  
Wheat Pasture ◽  
Fat Thickness

Abstract Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of monensin supplementation during the stocker and finishing phase on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef steers. In Exp. 1 and 2, steers (n = 61, BW = 345 ± 20 kg and n = 70, BW = 298 ± 26 kg) were fed hay and supplement or grazed wheat pasture (Exp. 1) or bermudagrass (Exp. 2) and then were transported 1,068 km to Canyon, TX, for finishing. For Exp. 3 steers (n = 59, BW = 322 ± 31 kg) grazed wheat pasture and then transported 636 km to Stillwater, OK, for finishing. Treatments were arranged as a 3 × 2 factorial with three monensin levels during the stocker phase (0, 800, 1600 g/ton fed in a free choice mineral) and two levels during finishing [0 (UN) or 37.5 mg/kg diet DM (RUM). There were no location × treatment interactions (P ≥ 0.19) for performance or carcass measurements, therefore data were pooled across locations. Stocker × feedlot treatment interactions were not observed for performance data (P ≥ 0.50), but were observed for carcass characteristics. Cattle consuming RUM in the feedlot had decreased (P < 0.01) DMI and increased (P < 0.01) G:F compared with UN. Cattle on 1600UN treatment had the greatest LM area whereas 0U had the least (103.4 vs 96.3 cm2). Steers on the 800UN and 1600UN treatments had decreased YG and 800RUM had the greatest (2.31 and 2.22 vs 2.75). Cattle consuming RUM during finishing had increased (P = 0.03) fat thickness compared to UN. Supplementation of monensin to stocker cattle may have minimal impact on subsequent feedlot performance. Providing monensin in feedlot diets still decreases DMI and improves feed efficiency of feedlot cattle.

PSIII-8 Sire breed differences for carcass attributes in feedlot steers using ultrasound technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
Harley Buie ◽  
Noah P Jesko
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Sire Breed

Abstract Live animal ultrasound measurements were taken on thirty-two feedlot steers and heifers for estimation of carcass endpoints including 12th rib fat thickness (FTU), ribeye area (REAU) and intramuscular fat (%FatU). Ultrasound measurements were collected by an inexperienced technician using an Aloka 500 ultrasound unit using Beef Image Analysis (BIA) software. The objective of the study was to evaluate carcass differences of four sire breed types including Angus (n = 11), Ultrablack (n = 6), Nelore (n = 6), Braunvieh (n = 1) and Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh hybrid (n = 8). Carcass data collected at harvest included 12th rib fat Thickness (FTC), Ribeye area (REAC), marbling score (MS), Yield Grade (YG), and Quality Grade (QG). The data were analyzed using SAS to determine breed effects. Means for FTU, FTC, REAU, REAC, %FatU and MS were 0.59 cm, 0.57 cm, 90.80 cm2, 83.53 cm2, 4.83%, and 483.75, respectively. There was no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) in YG and FT due to breed of sire. However, there was a trend for sire breed for ribeye area (P = 0.0728) for Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh cross and MS (P = 0.0786) for Ultrablack. Pearson correlation values between FTU and FTC, REAU and REAC, and %FatU and MS were 0.1217 (P = 0.05068), 0.3545 (P = .0465) and 0.5161 (P = 0.0025), respectively. These data suggest little differences existed in carcass attributes between various sire breeds out of a set of crossbred commercial cows.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Zoledronic Acid in Patients with Systemic Osteoporosis and Problem of «Non Respondents» to the Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
S. S Rodionova ◽  
Yu. V Buklemishev
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Zolendronic Acid ◽  
Bone Formation Markers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Positive Treatment Effect ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mineral Bone Density

Prospective study of zolendronic acid efficacy was performed in 112 patients with systemic osteoporosis. Study results confirmed the presence of patients who did not response to the treatment: in 15.7 % of observations reduction of mineral bone density (BMD) continued to progress. No significant differences in initial deviations of resorption and bone formation markers, peculiarities of calcium homeostasis were detected in “non respondents”. At the same time by the 12th month after treatment initiation the relationship between BMD increase with preservation of marked decrease of resorption marker (deoxypyridinoline) and bone formation marker (osteocalcin) was noted, that pointed out the expediency of prognostic model creation. Evaluation of the influence of certain risk factors (age, results of blood and urine biochemical tests, data of densitometry including the results of femoral neck BMD in some patients) using discriminant analysis showed that 81.5% of patients were correctly referred to the groups of patients who responded and not responded to treatment. Out of all initially studied parameters the most significant were 7 that in 78.6% of cases (method sensitivity) enabled to identify the patients with negative treatment effect and in 82.1% of cases (method specificity) - with positive treatment effect.

scholarly journals Expression Level of Annexin A1 Contributes to the Evaluation of the Disease Progression and Treatment Effect of Lung Adenocarcinoma: A New Perspective from Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biaoxue Rong ◽  
Hongling Yan ◽  
Ge Wu ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Increased Annexin A1 has been showed to be related to malignant biological characteristics of tumors; the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the expression level of Annexin A1 and the disease progression and treatment effect of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). Methods: The expression level of Annexin A1 in LAC tissues and cells was detected by the methods of immunohistochemistry, Real time-PCR and western blotting. The relationship between the expression of Annexin A1 and the disease progression and treatment effect of LAC was evaluated by descriptive statistics, T test and Chi-square test. Results: The protein expression of Annexin A1 was higher in lung cancer tissues and cells than that in normal tissues and 16 human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells (p<0.05). The level of Annexin A1 mRNA was higher in lung cancer tissues than that in normal tissues (p<0.05). The increase of Annexin A1 protein and mRNA was associated with the lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stage (p<0.05). However, surgical resection and chemotherapy for LAC down-regulated the serum concentration of Annexin A1 in patients (p<0.05).Conclusions: Increased Annexin A1 protein and mRNA in LAC tissues correlate with the poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced stage of LAC. Surgical resection and chemotherapy for LAC down-regulate the serum concentration of Annexin A1 in patients. The results indicate that expression level of Annexin A1 contributes to the evaluation of the disease progression and treatment effect of LAC.

scholarly journals The relationship between visceral fat thickness and bone mineral density in sedentary obese children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Forte Freitas Júnior ◽  
Jefferson Rosa Cardoso ◽  
Diego G Destro Christofaro ◽  
Jamile Sanches Codogno ◽  
Augusto César Ferreira de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

Effects of Color and Trait Anxiety on State Anxiety

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Reeves ◽  
Ed M. Edmonds ◽  
Dollie L. Transou
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Color Condition ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Trait Theory ◽  
The Relationship

A 2 (trait anxiety) × 4 (color) factorial design was used to determine the effects of red, green, yellow, and blue on state anxiety as a function of high and low trait anxiety. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess both trait (A-Trait) and state (A-State) anxiety for the 10 students assigned to each of the eight treatment combinations. High A-Trait students were significantly more anxious while viewing blue, red, and green than were the low A-Trait students and blue produced significantly more state anxiety than did either yellow or green. These results are consistent with state-trait theory and indicate that the effects of color on state anxiety may be confounded with trait anxiety unless the levels of A-Trait are equivalent for each color condition. The role of cultural and individual differences in the relationship between color and emotion and implications for research are discussed.

scholarly journals Association of leptin genotype with growth performance, adipocyte cellularity, meat quality, and fatty acid profile in beef steers fed flaxseed or high-oleate sunflower seed diets with or without triticale dried distiller’s grains

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maolong L He ◽  
Kim Stanford ◽  
Michael E R Dugan ◽  
Leigh Marquess ◽  
Tim A McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Barley Silage

Abstract Leptin genotypes can be identified as homozygous normal (CC), homozygous mutant (TT), and heterozygous (CT) based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 2 of the leptin gene, which has been associated with feed intake and fat deposition in cattle. The experiment was designed as 2 × 2 × 2 factorial with three main factors: (1) genotype (CT or TT) and diets fed 2) with or without triticale dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDG), and 3) with either flaxseed (FS) or high-oleate sunflower seed (SS). Evaluations included growth performance, subcutaneous fat deposition, adipocyte cellularity, meat quality, and fatty acid (FA) profile of various depots. Beef steers (n = 40, 459 ± 31 kg) of either CT or TT genotypes were housed in individual pens with ad libitum access to one of the four diets: 75% steam-rolled barley + 10% barley silage with 10% FS or SS (non-DDG diets, NDG) and 46.5% barley + 10% barley silage + 30% DDG, with 8.5% FS or SS, all on a dry matter basis. Growth performance, ultrasound subcutaneous fat thickness, rib eye area (REA), and plasma FA were measured prior to and during the finishing period. At slaughter, samples of subcutaneous fat, perirenal fat, and Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle were collected for FA analysis and carcass and meat quality were measured. Compared with CT cattle, TT tended to have less (P = 0.06) C18:2-c9,t11 (rumenic acid) in plasma and subcutaneous fat and a greater proportion (P &lt; 0.05) of C18:0 in subcutaneous, perirenal, and LT fat. Cattle with TT genotype also tended (P &lt; 0.1) to have more total saturated and less unsaturated (USFA) and monounsaturated fats (MUFA) and had less (P = 0.04) linoleic acid in LT. Ultrasound fat thickness, REA, and average diameter of adipocytes in subcutaneous fat at 12 wk were not affected (P &gt; 0.39) by genotype. Generally, carcass and meat quality were similar (P &gt; 0.1) among diets, although adding FS tended to increase (P = 0.06) total USFA of subcutaneous fat including omega-3 FA (P &lt; 0.001). For the high-fat diets evaluated, CT cattle would have more potential to produce beef with enhanced health benefits than would TT cattle.

scholarly journals Blood lactate and rectal temperature can predict exit velocity of beef feedlot steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1530-1542
Author(s):  
Andrew F Williams ◽  
Jane A Boles ◽  
Melissa R Herrygers ◽  
James G Berardinelli ◽  
Michael C Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Exit Velocity ◽  
Feedlot Steers

Abstract: Interest in beef cattle temperament has increased due to growing consumer awareness of animal welfare and increased concern for handler safety. Temperament measures are based on behavioral responses to a perceived stressor. Subjective chute scoring has been used to give a numeric value to temperament; however, the subjectivity and variability among observers have been questioned. To deal with the perceived subjectivity and variability, other researchers have used exit velocity. Researchers have related faster exit velocities to increased cortisol and plasma lactate. The objectives of this study were to compare temperament between feedlot steers and heifers and to confirm chute side measures of temperament relationship to physiological responses to stress. Body temperature, blood and plasma lactate, serum glucose, salivary and serum cortisol concentrations were measured on Bos taurus commercial crossbred feedlot cattle (n = 197). Fast, medium, and slow classifications were developed from exit velocities. Plasma lactate was significantly different between all exit velocity classes. Exit velocity and physiological measures indicated that heifers were more excitable (faster exit velocities (P = 0.003), higher plasma lactate concentrations (P = 0.03), and cortisol concentrations (P = 0.001)). Simple correlations among these variables indicated body temperature (heifers r = 0.44, P &lt; 0.0001; steers r = 0.45, P &lt; .0001), plasma lactate (heifers r = 0.52, P &lt; 0.0001; steers r = 0.63, P &lt; 0.0001), blood lactate (heifers r = 0.53, P &lt; 0.001; steers r = 0.59, P &lt; 0.001), and glucose (heifers r = 0.54, P &lt; 0.001; steers r = 0.32, P &lt;0.003) were all related to exit velocity. Cortisol measures were not correlated to exit velocity in steers but were in heifers. Linear models constructed and evaluated using the Akaike information criterion indicated that blood lactate in combination with rectal temperature were strong candidates to predict exit velocity. Using the discriminate function analysis, the model correctly categorized fast and slow classifications 69.23% and 61.54%, respectively, indicating that in combination measures of body temperature and blood lactate can potentially increase accuracy of temperament identification or replace exit velocity as a measure of temperament. The plasma lactate and rectal temperature have the potential to become strong objective measures to augment or replace exit velocity.

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