PSIX-5 Diet is more powerful than age in shaping the rumen bacterial community and function of dairy cattle

Abstract The objective was to understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, 48 dairy cattle were selected. Rumen fluid samples were collected from each animal at 1.5 (1.5M, milk and starter diet, n=8), 6 (6M, starter and oat grass, n=8), 9 (9M, high fiber diet, n=8), 18 (18M, high fiber diet, n=8), 23 (23M, high fiber diet, n=8) and 27 (27M, high grain diet, n=8) months old. The acetate/propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 were significantly higher than M27 and M1.5 (P < 0.05), while the A/P at M6 was lower than others (P < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid at M23 and M27 was higher than others (P < 0.05). The urease at M18 was significantly lower than M1.5, M6, and M9 (P < 0.05), and the xylanase at M18 was significantly higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing data and the Linear discriminant analysis showed that thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers among ages and diets. The age and diet contributed 7.98% and 32.49% to the rumen bacteria community using the variation partitioning approach analysis. The norank_f_p-251-o5 was significantly and positively correlated with age (r = 0.83, P < 0.01), while Eubacterium was significantly and negatively correlated with age (r = -0.84, P < 0.01). Dietary fiber showed a strong correlation (r > 0.80, P < 0.01) with Lachnospiraceae, NK4A214_group, Saccharofermentans, Clostridia, Pseudobutyrivibrio Bacteroidales_UCG-001. These genera also negatively correlated with dietary crude protein and starch (r < - 0.80, P < 0.01). All these bacteria were significantly correlated with A/P, acetate, and urease (r > 0.5, P < 0.05). These findings collectively indicated that diet drives the great ability to shape the rumen bacteria community and function than age.

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Diet dominates age in shaping the rumen bacteria community and function in dairy cattle

10.21203/rs.3.rs-537889/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yangyi Hao ◽

Yue Gong ◽

Shuai Huang ◽

Shoukun Ji ◽

Wei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Variation Partitioning ◽

Rumen Bacteria ◽

Ruminal Bacteria ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

High Fiber ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

Α Diversity ◽

And Function

Abstract Background To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. The M1.5, M6, and M27 had the high protein and starch dietary, while the M9, M18, and M23 had the high fiber dietary. Fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured. Results The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 (high fiber diet) was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (P < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than other ages (P < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P < 0.05). The α-diversity indexes (Ace and Chao1) of ruminal bacteria increased from M1.5 to M23, while they decreased from M23 to M27 (P < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score > 4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98% and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, P < 0.01) and also positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, P < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, P < 0.05) with diet NDF and negative correlation (r < -0.80, P < 0.05) with diet CP and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, P < 0.01). Conclusion These findings indicated that the quantitative effect of diet and age on the rumen bacteria were 7.98% and 32.49%, respectively. The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age-correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.

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Effects of Age, Diet CP, NDF, EE, and Starch on the Rumen Bacteria Community and Function in Dairy Cattle

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9081788 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1788

Author(s):

Yangyi Hao ◽

Yue Gong ◽

Shuai Huang ◽

Shoukun Ji ◽

Wei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Variation Partitioning ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Rumen Bacteria ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Fermentation Profile ◽

High Age ◽

Community Variation ◽

And Function

To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. Rumen fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured. The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (p < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than at other ages (p < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than at M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than at M1.5, M23, and M27 (p < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score >4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98 and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, p < 0.05) with diet fiber and a negative correlation (r < −0.80, p < 0.05) with diet protein and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A high-fiber diet does not protect against asymptomatic diverticulosis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.14039957.791102829 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Eamonn Quigley

Keyword(s):

High Fiber ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

High Fiber Diet

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A high-fiber diet does not protect against asymptomatic diverticulosis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.14039957.15500058 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Guido Basilisco ◽

Marina Coletta

Keyword(s):

High Fiber ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

High Fiber Diet

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Suppressed inflammation in obese children induced by a high-fiber diet is associated with the attenuation of gut microbial virulence factor genes

Virulence ◽

10.1080/21505594.2021.1948252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1754-1770

Author(s):

Hui Li ◽

Guojun Wu ◽

Liping Zhao ◽

Menghui Zhang

Keyword(s):

Virulence Factor ◽

Obese Children ◽

High Fiber ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

High Fiber Diet ◽

Virulence Factor Genes

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P063 A COMPREHENSIVE, MULTIOMIC DIET INTERVENTION STUDY COMPARING A LOW FAT, HIGH FIBER DIET TO AN IDEALIZED STANDARD AMERICAN DIET IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/zaa010.020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S8-S9

Author(s):

Julia Fritsch ◽

Alejandra Quintero ◽

Judith Pignac-Kobinger ◽

Luis Garces ◽

Ana Santander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Low Fat ◽

High Fiber ◽

Fiber Diet ◽

Omega 6 ◽

High Fiber Diet

Abstract Background and Aims There is a lack of evidence-based dietary interventions in ulcerative colitis (UC) management. A diet high in fat and animal meat has been linked to an increased risk of UC. The aim of our study was to use a multilayered, multi-omic approach to comprehensively characterize the effect of a low fat, high fiber diet or a high fat diet in UC patients. Methods We enrolled patients with UC who were in remission or had mild disease with a flare within the last 18 months. We used a cross-over design in which patients received two dietary interventions: a low fat diet (LFD), containing 10% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of below 3:1, and an idealized standard American diet (SAD), containing 35–40% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of 20–30:1. Each diet was four weeks long with a two-week wash-out in between. The diet was catered and delivered to patients’ homes. Clinical symptoms, quality of life, and biochemical data were collected. Stool was collected for microbiome and metabolomic analyses. The primary endpoint was to determine adherence to a specified diet using catered meals; the secondary endpoint was to determine the clinical and subclinical effects of a low fat, high fiber diet or high fat diet in UC. Results Baseline diets varied widely but were generally lower in fiber as well as fruits and vegetables and higher in saturated fat than either of the study diets. There was a high rate of adherence to catered meals (SAD=86.68%, LFD=84.8%) with a 96.8% and 94.33% adherence to fat for SAD and LFD respectively. Patients that started in remission remained in remission (partial Mayo and sIBDQ). Following a LFD, patients saw a 20% improvement in their quality of life as measured by sIBDQ compared to their baseline. The effect of diet intervention on microbial diversity was reflected in the beta diversity with a significant increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii after LFD. CRP, sIBDQ, IL-6, and IL1β had a significant effect on overall gut microbiota composition as measured by Bray Curtis beta diversity (PERMANOVA)(P<0.007, P<0.001, P<0.021, P<0.048 respectively). The top taxa that contributes the most to this microbial variation from these clinical parameters was Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Patients following a SAD had an increase in lauric acid, myristic acid, and N-oleoyl-L-phenylalanine with an increase in omega-6 metabolism pathways. Patients following a LFD had higher glycine, alanine, and phenyllactic acid with omega 3 metabolism pathways increased after LFD. Conclusions A low fat, high fiber diet is well tolerated and did not increase biochemical markers of inflammation. Catered meals and collection of microbiome, metabolome and biochemical data may allow early stratification of diet responders.

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