Lifestyle Medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-178
Author(s):  
Gia Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Managing Stress ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

This chapter addresses the rise of lifestyle medicine. The impact of chronic diseases on health and quality of life are well-known within the medical community. Preventive medicine has only been partially successful in addressing these problems. For physicians to advocate healthy lifestyle choices for their patients, they must first understand what a healthy lifestyle entails. The Six Pillars of Lifestyle Medicine outline the six main lifestyle changes—healthful eating, increasing physical activity, improving sleep, managing stress, avoiding risky substances, forming and maintaining relationships—that physicians should promote to their patients. The global public health burden of diabetes, obesity, and other lifestyle diseases is increasing at an astounding rate. However, very few training programs have robust educational offerings for physicians on nonpharmacological treatment of obesity and diabetes.

A Powerful Antidote to Physician Burnout: Intensive Healthy Lifestyle and Positive Psychology Approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110066
Author(s):  
Liana Lianov
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Persistent Symptoms

Burnout rates among physicians are rapidly rising. Leaders in the movement to address burnout have made the case that health care workplaces need to foster a culture of well-being, including trusting coworker interactions, collaborative and transparent leadership, work-life balance, flexibility, opportunities for meaningful work and for professional development, and effective 2-way communication. The rationale for focusing on organizational change to prevent burnout has pointed to persistent symptoms of burnout even when individual healthy lifestyle interventions are adopted. However, a case can be made that the lifestyle interventions were not implemented at the level of intensity recommended by the lifestyle medicine evidence-base to secure the desired improvement in physical and mental health when facing significant personal and environmental stressors. The lifestyle medicine community has the ethical mandate to advocate for intensive healthy lifestyle approaches to burnout prevention, in conjunction with organizational supports. By combining comprehensive and intensive lifestyle changes with organizational cultures of well-being, we can more effectively turn the tide of physician burnout.

scholarly journals Uncovering the Truth

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
George E. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standards Of Practice ◽  
Guidelines And Standards

Finding the truth is important. In the field of lifestyle medicine the randomized controlled trial has significant limitations. Physicians and patients need to know the truth about the healthy lifestyle changes and their ability to prevent and reverse disease. To meet this challenge, the American College of Lifestyle Medicine has established a committee of experts (HEaLM), under the leadership of David Katz to create a level of evidence construct for ranking lifestyle medicine evidence that includes evidence from basic science and epidemiologic trials. This tool will be used by the new Expert Lifestyle Medicine Panel to create guidelines and standards of practice.

scholarly journals Emerging Antimicrobial-Resistant High-Risk Klebsiella pneumoniae Clones ST307 and ST147

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Peirano ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Barry N. Kreiswirth ◽  
Johann D. D. Pitout
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Worldwide Distribution

ABSTRACT There is an enormous global public health burden due to antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Klebsiella pneumoniae high-risk clones. K. pneumoniae ST307 and ST147 are recent additions to the family of successful clones in the species. Both clones likely emerged in Europe during the early to mid-1990s and, in a relatively short time, became prominent global pathogens, spreading to all continents (with the exception of Antarctica). ST307 and ST147 consist of multiple clades/clusters and are associated with various carbapenemases (i.e., KPCs, NDMs, OXA-48-like, and VIMs). ST307 is endemic in Italy, Colombia, the United States (Texas), and South Africa, while ST147 is endemic in India, Italy, Greece, and certain North African countries. Both clones have been introduced into regions of nonendemicity, leading to worldwide nosocomial outbreaks. Genomic studies showed ST307 and ST147 contain identical gyrA and parC mutations and likely obtained plasmids with blaCTX-M-15 during the early to mid-2000s, which aided in their global distribution. ST307 and ST147 then acquired plasmids with various carbapenemases during the late 2000s, establishing themselves as important AMR pathogens in certain regions. Both clones are likely underreported due to restricted detection methodologies. ST307 and ST147 have the ability to become major threats to public health due to their worldwide distribution, ability to cause serious infections, and association with AMR, including panresistance. The medical community at large, especially those concerned with antimicrobial resistance, should be aware of the looming threat posed by emerging AMR high-risk clones such as K. pneumoniae ST307 and ST147.

scholarly journals Precision Medicine in Lifestyle Medicine: The Way of the Future?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Gray ◽  
Andrea R. Kross ◽  
Melanie E. Renfrew ◽  
Paul Wood
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Environmental Profile ◽  
The Future ◽  
Individual Needs

Precision medicine has captured the imagination of the medical community with visions of therapies precisely targeted to the specific individual’s genetic, biological, social, and environmental profile. However, in practice it has become synonymous with genomic medicine. As such its successes have been limited, with poor predictive or clinical value for the majority of people. It adds little to lifestyle medicine, other than in establishing why a healthy lifestyle is effective in combatting chronic disease. The challenge of lifestyle medicine remains getting people to actually adopt, sustain, and naturalize a healthy lifestyle, and this will require an approach that treats the patient as a person with individual needs and providing them with suitable types of support. The future of lifestyle medicine is holistic and person-centered rather than technological.

Lifestyle Medicine – New Concept, Innovative Discipline

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Anca Hâncu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Based Medicine

Abstract A large percentage 63% of premature deaths and chronic diseases could be prevented by adhering to healthy dietary patterns, being physically active and avoid smoking. The concept of lifestyle medicine introduced 20 years ago by Rippe is defined as the integration of modern lifestyle practices into evidence-based medicine, in order to lower risk factors or to be support for chronic therapies. A new taxonomy is proposed in lifestyle medicine, with determinants, as drivers for chronic diseases, anthropogens and metaflammation, the metabolic inflammatory state. Other possible determinants are proposed for lack os scope in life, estrangement and lost identity. Despite all health messages, healthy behaviors are exceptions, not the rule. It will be important in the future to change how practitioners will support individuals in their efforts to live healthier. More psychological and social factors should be analyzed. Many doctors are not self-confident with prescribing healthy lifestyle or nutritional recommendations. Creating a new discipline should foster development of preventive recommendations. General practitioners will need specific academic trainings to learn how to promote recommendations for lifestyle changes for health, for prevention and for diseases management, starting by adopting themselves healthy lifestyles.

Strategies for Incorporating Lifestyle Medicine in Everyday Hospital Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110066
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Petersen ◽  
Andrew M. Freeman ◽  
Marcy Madrid ◽  
Monica Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physician Education ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Hospital Systems ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Cardiovascular disease and its associated risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes are contributing to a large portion of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in the United States. Diet and lifestyle education have been shown to be beneficial in reducing cost, mortality, and morbidity associated with these diseases. However, the lack of implementation of diet and lifestyle tools into clinical practices and into hospital systems leaves much room for improvement. Obstacles such as poor physician education, financial concerns, patient preference, and social resistance to change have made it difficult to promote healthy lifestyle and nutrition practices throughout all aspects of health systems. Some hospital systems and hospital-based clinical practices have had important successes in creating prevention clinic models, implementing plant-based menus in their hospital systems, and incorporating intensive rehabilitation programs that will pave the way for more future change. This review describes the current deficits, obstacles, and innovative strategies for implementing lifestyle medicine into hospital systems.

scholarly journals The Importance of Creating Habits and Routine

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Arlinghaus ◽  
Craig A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

One of the greatest challenges to lifestyle medicine is patient adherence. Lifestyle diseases inherently require lifetime prevention and treatment. Therefore, adherence to lifestyle medicine recommendations must also be long-term. Long-term adherence implies that a routine incorporating health recommendations has been developed. Instead of focusing on the immediacy of adherence in lifestyle changes, health care providers could consider helping patients develop a routine to slowly incorporate those changes. This perspective may enable greater long-term adherence to lifestyle change recommendations.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties and Cultural Adaptation of the Polish Version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9190
Author(s):  
Michał Czapla ◽  
Raúl Juárez-Vela ◽  
Anna Rozensztrauch ◽  
Piotr Karniej ◽  
Izabella Uchmanowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), sometimes referred to as lifestyle diseases, are the most common cause of death and disability worldwide. Thus, healthcare professionals should be equipped with tools, knowledge, skills, and competencies in the newly distinguished field of lifestyle medicine. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ). The Polish version of the HLPCQ would further provide Polish healthcare professionals with a useful and convenient tool for routine lifestyle assessment while giving HLPCQ novel use and potential for further research. Methods: Before testing its psychometric properties, the HLPCQ was translated and adapted from the original Greek version into Polish. Subsequently, we tested the instrument’s psychometric properties on a sample of 2433 participants. In addition, we tested the factorial validity of the HLPCQ using confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. Results: There were more female than male participants (91.78%). Most of them were middle-aged (30.40 ± 7.71), single (39.62%), and living with family (70.65%). In terms of residence, 1122 (46.12%) participants lived in cities with a population of over 500,000. In terms of reliability, the internal consistency of the Polish version and its domains is excellent. Cronbach’s alpha for each of the domains of the scale ranged between 0.6 and 0.9. Conclusions: The Polish version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ) has good characteristics of factorial validity and can be used in clinical practice and research.

scholarly journals Lifestyle, psychological stress, and incidence of adolescent constipation: results from the Toyama birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Yamada ◽  
Michikazu Sekine ◽  
Takashi Tatsuse ◽  
Yuko Fujimura
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Bowel Movement Frequency ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Abstract Background We aimed to clarify the predisposing factors for adolescent constipation in a longitudinal study, because while factors associated with childhood constipation have been reported, prospective studies on the incidence of constipation are lacking. Methods We enrolled 5540 adolescents aged 12 to 13 years from the Toyama Birth Cohort Study—a community-based prospective study examining children’s health. The incidence of constipation, defined as bowel movement frequency of less than once every 2 days, was surveyed during the three-year period from baseline (grade 4) to follow-up (grade 7). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between the incidence of adolescent constipation and their lifestyle variables. Results A total of 261 adolescents (4.7%) developed constipation during the three-year period. Female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.62,) overweight (OR = 0.60), and infrequent intake of fruits (OR = 1.50) at baseline were associated with the incidence of constipation. Furthermore, factors related to lifestyle changes and psychological status such as skipping breakfast (OR = 1.73), becoming physically inactive (OR = 1.55), and being persistently irritated (OR = 1.80) were significantly associated with the incidence of constipation. Conclusion Our prospective study demonstrated that female sex, insufficient fruit intake, and deteriorating lifestyles such as skipping breakfast and becoming inactive during the 3-year period were associated with the incidence of adolescent constipation. Beyond anecdotal, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is recommended to reduce the incidence of adolescent constipation.

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