Ecosocial Theory, Embodied Truths, and the People's Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Ecosocial Theory ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Dominant Narratives

This book employs the ecosocial theory of disease distribution to combine critical political and economic analysis with a deep engagement with biology, in societal, ecological, and historical context. It illuminates what embodying (in)justice entails and the embodied truths revealed by population patterns of health. Chapter 1 explains ecosocial theory and its focus on multilevel spatiotemporal processes of embodying (in)justice, across the lifecourse and historical generations, as shaped by the political economy and political ecology of the societies in which people live. The counter is to dominant narratives that attribute primary causal agency to people’s allegedly innate biology and their allegedly individual (and decontextualized) health behaviors. Chapter 2 discusses application of ecosocial theory to analyze: the health impacts of Jim Crow and its legal abolition; racialized and economic breast cancer inequities; the joint health impacts of physical and social hazards at work (including racism, sexism, and heterosexism) and relationship hazards (involving unsafe sex and violence); and measures of structural injustice. Chapter 3 explores embodied truths and health justice, in relation to: police violence; climate change; fossil fuel extraction and sexually transmitted infectious disease: health benefits of organic food—for whom? ; public monuments, symbols, and the people’s health; and light, vision, and the health of people and other species. The objective is to inform critical and practical research, actions, and alliances to advance health equity—and to strengthen the people’s health—in a deeply troubled world on a threatened planet.

Embodying (In)justice and Embodied Truths

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-128
Author(s):  
Nancy Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Economic Segregation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ecosocial Theory ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Breast Cancer Estrogen Receptor

Chapter 2 discusses application of ecosocial theory to analyze the health impacts of Jim Crow and its legal abolition, racialized and economic breast cancer inequities involving the breast cancer estrogen receptor, and the joint health impacts of physical and social hazards at work (including racism, sexism, and heterosexism) and relationship hazards (involving unsafe sex and violence). It also uses ecosocial theory to develop and apply measures of structural injustice, including historical redlining (1930s US government policies imposing racial residential segregation) and contemporary racialized economic segregation. The chapter additionally explains the construct of “emergent embodied phenotypes” and the different types of histories involved in disease processes: societal, individual (lifecourse), pathological/cellular, and evolutionary. It concludes by providing selected examples of how others, in diverse disciplines and settings worldwide, have employed the ecosocial theory of disease distribution to conceptualize and analyze embodiment of (in)justice across a wide range of exposures and outcomes.

Dismantling White Privilege: The Black Lives Matter Movement and Environmental Justice in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Teelucksingh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Jim Crow Era

On August 12, 2017, in Charlottesville, Virginia, alt-right/White supremacy groups and Black Lives Matter (BLM) supporters came face-to-face regarding what to do about public monuments that celebrate key figures from slavery and the Jim Crow era. White supremacists and White nationalists did not hide their racist ideologies as they demanded that their privileged place in history not be erased. The BLM movement, which challenges state-sanctioned anti-Black racism, was ready to confront themes of White discontent and reverse racism, critiques of political correctness, and the assumption that racialized people should know their place and be content to be the subordinate other.It is easy to frame the events in Charlottesville as indicative of US-specific race problems. However, a sense that White spaces should prevail and an ongoing history of anti-Black racism are not unique to the United States. The rise of Canadian activism under the BLM banner also signals a movement to change Canadian forms of institutional racism in policing, education, and the labor market. This article responds to perceptions that the BLM movement has given insufficient attention to environmental concerns (Pellow 2016; Halpern 2017). Drawing on critical race theory as a conceptual tool, this article focuses on the Canadian context as part of the author’s argument in favor of greater collaboration between BLM and the environmental justice (EJ) movement in Canada. This article also engages with the common stereotype that Blacks in Canada have it better than Blacks in the United States.

THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF ‘INCURSIONS’: LIVESTOCK, PROTECTED AREAS AND SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE MARA REGION OF KENYA

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Butt
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Mara Region

ABSTRACTAcross the world, the presence of domestic animals in protected areas (PAs) is considered an ‘incursion’ that threatens the economic and ecological viability of these areas. Dominant narratives about incursions inaccurately describe the relationships between people and PAs because they lack adequate contextualization. In this paper, I rely on a political-ecological framework to argue for an alternative narrative. Through a case study from a PA in southern Kenya, I demonstrate how incursions are instead modern co-productions that arise from the intersections between changing political geographies of resource control and variable animal geographies of resource utilization – thus clarifying a long-standing debate about the presence of domestic animals in PAs. I rely on direct empirical and supporting evidence from place-based studies to illustrate the spatial and temporal differences in resource access strategies of wildlife and livestock within and outside the PA. I contrast these against changing land tenure and resource management policies to highlight how livestock movements into PAs are patterned in ways that reflect the changing nature of PA management, the material conditions of the landscape, and the agency of animals. Through these investigations, this paper provides a more accurate and nuanced explanation for livestock movements into PAs.

scholarly journals Resituating Erving Goffman: From Stigma Power to Black Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imogen Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Jim Crow ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Erving Goffman ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Black Freedom ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Interaction Order ◽  
The Relationship

This article offers a critical re-reading of the understanding of stigma forged by the North American sociologist Erving Goffman in his influential Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity (1963). One of the most widely read and cited sociologists in history, Goffman was already famous when Stigma was published in 1963. His previous books were best-sellers and Stigma alone has sold an astonishing 800,000 copies in the 50 years since its publication. Given its considerable influence, it is surprising how little sustained engagement there has been with the historicity of Goffman’s account. This article resituates Goffman’s conceptualisation of stigma within the historical context of Jim Crow and the Black freedom struggles that were shaking ‘the social interaction order’ to its foundations at the very moment he crafted his account. It is the contention of this article that these explosive political movements against the ‘humiliations of racial discrimination’ invite revision of Goffman’s decidedly apolitical account of stigma. This historical revision of Goffman’s stigma concept builds on an existing body of critical work on the relationship between race, segregation and the epistemology of sociology within the USA. Throughout, it reads Goffman’s Stigma through the lens of ‘Black Sociology’, a field of knowledge that here designates not only formal sociological scholarship, but political manifestos, journalism, creative writing, oral histories and memoirs. It is the argument of this article that placing Goffman’s concept of stigma into critical dialogue with Black epistemologies of stigma allows for a timely reconceptualisation of stigma as governmental technologies of dehumanisation that have long been collectively resisted from below.

scholarly journals Why non-naked family produce ape baby: To explore the aspect of cheeks pulp

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Negotiation Strategies ◽  
Condom Negotiation ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Sex With Men

The phenomenon is fairly common, with one in every 80 adults showing cheeks pulp is slot of unprotected sex. As part of a study, young couples revealed no different condom negotiation strategies to cope with unprotected sex. A study has found that non-naked did not recognise that women who collapsed were having an arrest, leading to delays in calling the emergency services and delays in providing resuscitation treatment. A recent study found that adult’s women engaged in unprotected sex even after being aware of the various risks associated with it, when the desire to form lasting romantic relationships arises. According to the researchers from Pune University, this is the first study to directly compare how heterosexual men, heterosexual women and men who have sex with men (MSM) differ in their approach to condom-making decision with a new sexual partner. The study was published in the Journal of Sex Research. The findings may help in explaining why some of the youngsters engage in unsafe sex even though they are aware of the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV, cervical cancer, and unplanned pregnancy

School Counsellors' role in sexuality education: What messages about sexual behaviour and sexual responsibility do they give Australian students?

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Milton ◽  
Linda Berne ◽  
Wendy Patton ◽  
Judith Peppard
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Sexual Responsibility ◽  
Relationship Breakdown ◽  
Source Of Information

Research in the area of adolescent sexuality suggests that young people use and trust school counsellors as a source of information about sexual issues. Interviews were conducted with 23 counsellors in 19 Australian high schools to explore the messages about sexual behaviour and sexual responsibility given to young people during counselling sessions. The main sexuality issues presenting in a counselling session were concerns about relationship breakdown, sexually transmitted infections after having unsafe sex, sexual orientation, pregnancy, harassment and sexual abuse. Messages given to young people included ones of valuing oneself, making choices without coercion, being informed about consequences and risks, and being safe and responsible if sexually active. A sexual relationship was portrayed as a normal part of life and adolescents were encouraged to talk with their parents. Strategies that these counsellors adopt to help young people are discussed and recommendations are made.

“If There Were One People”: Francis Weninger and the Segregation of American Catholicism

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-246
Author(s):  
David Komline
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Catholicism ◽  
German Immigrants ◽  
Mission Strategy ◽  
American Catholic

AbstractThis article uses the career of Francis Weninger—an Austrian Jesuit who traversed the United States preaching mostly to German audiences—to trace the development of Roman Catholic approaches to African American missions from the end of the Civil War to the rise of Jim Crow. The study proceeds in two parts, each of which addresses three themes. The first half treats Weninger's work among American Germans, examining the historical context, mission strategy, and revivalistic activity involved in Weninger’s work among his fellow immigrants. The second half details Weninger's evangelistic efforts among African Americans, reversing the order of these themes: first, it describes his activity, then, his strategy and motivation, and, finally, how Weninger's work fits into the broader context of Catholic race relations. The paper shows that the activism of Francis Weninger, the most significant Catholic advocate of missions to African Americans during the key time period in which the American Catholic church adopted an official policy of racial segregation, helped both to stimulate and to define later Roman Catholic initiatives to evangelize African Americans. Weninger modeled his approach to evangelizing African Americans directly on his work among German immigrants, encouraging both groups to establish their own ethnically and racially segregated parishes.

scholarly journals Counter narratives and controversial crimes: The Wikipedia article for the ‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Page
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
National Context ◽  
Counter Narratives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Open Versus ◽  
A Site ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Single Versus ◽  
Over Time

Narrative theorists have long recognised that narrative is a selective mode of representation. There is always more than one way to tell a story, which may alter according to its teller, audience and the social or historical context in which the story is told. But multiple versions of the ‘same’ events are not always valued in the same way: some versions may become established as dominant accounts, whilst others may be marginalised or resist hegemony as counter narratives (Bamberg and Andrews, 2004). This essay explores the potential of Wikipedia as a site for positioning counter and dominant narratives. Through the analysis of linearity and tellership (Ochs and Capps, 2001) as exemplified through revisions of a particular article (‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’), I show how structural choices (open versus closed sequences) and tellership (single versus multiple narrators) function as mechanisms to prioritise different dominant narratives over time and across different cultural contexts. The case study points to the dynamic and relative nature of dominant and counter narratives. In the ‘Murder of Meredith Kercher’ article the counter narratives of the suspects’ guilt or innocence and their position as villains or victims depended on national context, and changed over time. The changes in the macro-social narratives are charted in the micro-linguistic analysis of structure, citations and quoted speech in four selected versions of the article, taken from the English and Italian Wikipedias.

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