The Politics of Anti-Corruption

2021 ◽  
pp. 297-340
Author(s):  
Mark Knights
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Many ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Modern Era

As other chapters have made clear, the corruption of politics was a concern of the pre-modern era, especially in relation to political officers. Yet alongside the corruption of politics there was also a very strong politics of corruption. ‘Anti-corruption’ was nearly always political, in the sense of having a political agenda, implicit or explicit, behind it. This chapter argues that these political dimensions need to be recognised more than they have been. The chapter examines the ‘work’ done by the discourse of corruption, underlining its emotive power and its capacity both to challenge political rules and to help define boundaries of legitimate behaviour. The politics of anti-corruption is highlighted in the imperial context through a case study of early eighteenth-century Barbados. The chapter then examines these political functions in relation to the many highly politicised impeachments for corruption, from 1621 to 1806.

The Nonconformist Inheritance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Rivers
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
John Bunyan ◽  
John Wesley ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
Pilgrim's Progress ◽  
The Many ◽  
John Owen

This chapter analyses the editions, abridgements, and recommendations of texts by seventeenth-century nonconformists that were made by eighteenth-century dissenters, Methodists, and Church of England evangelicals. The nonconformist writers they chose include Joseph Alleine, Richard Baxter, John Flavel, John Owen, and John Bunyan. The editors and recommenders include Philip Doddridge, John Wesley, Edward Williams, Benjamin Fawcett, George Burder, John Newton, William Mason, and Thomas Scott. Detailed accounts are provided of the large number of Baxter’s works that were edited, notably A Call to the Unconverted and The Saints Everlasting Rest, and a case study is devoted to the many annotated editions of Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and the ways in which they were used. The editors took into account length, intelligibility, religious attitudes, and cost, and sometimes criticized their rivals’ versions on theological grounds.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Quintin Colville ◽  
James Davey
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Influences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Naval History ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Many ◽  
Historical Profession

This introduction gives on overview of the sub-discipline of naval history since its emergence in the early eighteenth-century. It outlines the various social, cultural and political influences that have shaped the subject over the past three centuries, and discusses its relationship with the wider historical profession. The second half of the introduction sums up the current state of naval history, describing the many historiographies that now have a bearing on how the subject is conducted. Each contribution to the volume is introduced in this context, offering a precis of the chapters that follow.

“Palestine Sits in Sackcloth and Ashes”: Reading Mark Twain’s The Innocents Abroad as a Protestant Holy Land Narrative

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 82-110
Author(s):  
Broke Sherrard
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Native Son ◽  
Total Eclipse ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Many

AbstractAmong the vast array of priceless treasures in the collection of Jerusalem’s Armenian Patriarchate is a votive portrait of a local Jerusalem saint, the priest Hanna, a native son of Jerusalem’s Armenian community. The existence of the portrait is all but unknown, despite the fact that its subject has inspired generations of Jerusalem monks to dedicate their lives to the service of the Sts. James. As vicar to Jerusalem’s Patriarch Grigor IV Shirvants‘i (Shght‘ayakir) Hanna was instrumental in reviving the fortunes of the Jerusalem Patriarchate, which, in the early eighteenth century, had suffered a near-total eclipse. Although Hanna died before the age of forty, the many activities of his short career included such major achievements as the renovation of the Armenian sections of the Holy Sepulchre Church and the transformation of the Patriarchate compound into a fully enclosed and self-sufficient enclave.

scholarly journals The Parthenon, Pericles and King Solomon: a case study of Ottoman archaeological imagination in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Key Fowden
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The City

What made Athens different from other multi-layered cities absorbed into the Ottoman Empire was the strength of its ancient reputation for learning that echoed across the Arabic and Ottoman worlds. But not only sages were remembered and Islamized in Athens; sometimes political figures were too. In the early eighteenth century a mufti of Athens, Mahmud Efendi, wrote a rarely studiedHistory of the City of Sages (Tarih-i Medinetü’l-Hukema)in which he transformed Pericles into a wise leader on a par with the Qur'anic King Solomon and linked the Parthenon mosque to Solomon's temple in Jerusalem.

scholarly journals Study of the echoes of the Arabic story in Nigerian Arabic literature: Ilorin as a case study

Nady Al-Adab ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdur-Rasheed Mahmoud-Mukadam
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Prose Literature ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Clear Atmosphere

The story is an art of prose literature. Arab writers and others have done valuable works of fiction, showing the extent of their artistic ability; however, this art has witnessed in the modern era developed and developed to add to it another form known - in Western literature - poetry story; which has no era - before - in literature Old Arab, and the poems appeared stories woven on the Western vein. After looking at the story in Arabic literature, this article looks at some of the echoes of the Arab story in Arabic literature, with an emphasis on what the thinkers of the city of Eulen produced as a living model reflecting the many stories that were presented at the Arab literature table in Nigeria. For a commendable effort by the writers of Nigeria to expand the Arabic language and create a clear atmosphere for artistic creativity and conscience.

scholarly journals JOHN TUTCHIN'S OBSERVATOR, COMMENT SERIALS, AND THE ‘RAGE OF PARTY’ IN BRITAIN, 1678 – c. 1730

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-884
Author(s):  
EDWARD TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Jonathan Swift ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
The Press ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Topical Analysis ◽  
Eighteenth Century Britain

AbstractThe importance of print in the ‘rage of party’ of late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Britain is well known, but scholars have paid insufficient attention to the press phenomenon that provided the most persistent and undiluted partisan voices of the era, the comment serial. Comment serials – regular printed publications designed explicitly to present topical analysis, opinion, and advice – were fashioned as powerful weapons for partisan combat. Due to their regularity and flexibility, they could be more potent than other forms of topical print, especially pamphlets and newspapers. Although many publications have been individually recognized as comment serials, such as Roger L'Estrange's Observator (1681–7), Daniel Defoe's Review (1704–13), and Jonathan Swift and others’ Examiner (1710–14), their development as a holistic phenomenon has not been properly understood. They first appeared during the Succession Crisis (1678–82), and proliferated under Queen Anne (1702–14), supporting both tory and whig causes. Through widespread consumption, both direct and indirect, they shaped partisan culture in various ways, including by reinforcing and galvanizing partisan identities, facilitating the development of partisan ‘reading communities’, and manifesting and representing party divisions in public. This article focuses on John Tutchin's Observator (1702–12) as a case-study of a major comment serial.

Presenting “Truth” in Early Eighteenth-Century Travel Narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
Shef Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Ascension Island ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Early Novel

This essay clarifies the bibliographical history of the three published accounts of the sufferings of a Dutch sailor abandoned on Ascension Island in 1726 for sodomy, but is ultimately less concerned with what actually happened than with how the story was represented in each of three versions and with what those changes might tell us about shifts in expectations of fiction readers between 1726 and 1740. It also examines how later critics have responded to the story to demonstrate that ideas about credibility are relative and socially determined. While narrative theory generally argues that “the more information we have on a narrator, the more concrete will be our sense of the quality and distinctness of his or her voice,” this case study questions that relationship, at least for the early novel, when narrative techniques and readerly practices were still being developed.

Performance of memory and the making of Pallaki Seva Prabandhamu of Maharaja Sahaji Bhonsale II

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Sushruti Santhanam
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Music History ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Musical Play ◽  
Carnatic Music ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Many

The Pallaki Seva Prabandhamu is a geya nataka (musical play) in lyrical Telugu language composed in the early eighteenth century by Sahaji Bhonsale II (r. 1684‐1712), the Maratha king of the Tamil-speaking region of Thanjavur. Using its most current iteration, the production of a digital album in 2012, as the locus, the article explores the historical vicissitudes of music construction in Carnatic music. The continuous recasting of old repertoire like the Pallaki illuminates the intangible agencies and exigencies of this process of historical record-keeping in southern Indian music. This article showcases the many historical and epistemic locations through which the Pallaki has passed, in the process exposing some critical gaps and misses in historical writing on the southern Indian musical repertoire. It also proposes an alternative, more direct engagement with musical material, in order to write about historical contexts of music and pushes the historian of music to yield more agency to the musician in co-writing the histories of music. The article raises two methodological possibilities: a critical inclusion of ‘performed repertoires’ as an archive of music history; and the inclusion of publishing, notating and other conventional archival of manuscripts within a larger conceptual framework of performance of text.

LOVE CONQUERS ALL: CUPID, PHILIP V AND THE ALLEGORICAL ZARZUELA DURING THE WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION (1701–1714)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
MARIA VIRGINIA ACUÑA
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Erotic Love ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cross Dressing ◽  
Theatrical Practice ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTAn unprecedented shift in the portrayal of Cupid took place in the Spanish mythological zarzuela during the years surrounding the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). For the first time ever, Cupid was depicted not as a god of chaste or erotic love, but as a god at war with other deities. And in every work, a female actor-singer, not a male performer, played the fiery but mournful character. In this article I first explore the cultural understanding of Cupid in early eighteenth-century Spain as articulated by Spanish mythographers of the era, and as seen in the earliest representations of Cupid in Spanish theatre. I then investigate the intersection of myth, allegory, war and music theatre in a case study – the zarzuela Las nuevas armas de amor (Love's New Weapons, 1711) – suggesting that in this work Cupid functioned as an allegorical representation of the Spanish king, and that the deity's struggles for power mirrored the monarch's plight during a time of great political instability. Moreover, I argue that the pre-existing local theatrical practice of cross-dressing allowed for the portrayal of a defeated and sobbing Cupid in the zarzuela.

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