Urban Mobility in Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 486-500
Author(s):  
Adriana de Souza e Silva ◽  
Cristiane S. Damasceno ◽  
Daniela de Cunto Bueno ◽  
Justin Grandinetti
Keyword(s):  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The interaction between transportation systems, Internet connectivity, and location-aware mobile applications is increasingly relevant to urban mobility. Location-based apps not only assist individuals in more efficient movement through urban spaces but also impact the way individuals experience the city. More recently, location-based taxi-hailing apps are also a part of ongoing transformations in urban mobility. These apps are increasingly popular in the United States, and this trend is spreading to countries outside the Global North. While taxi-hailing apps have been studied in the context of infrastructure and planning, law, and regulations, little scholarship exists on the daily uses of these apps and how they are embedded within a context of ongoing surveillance, politics of mobility, and digital literacy. This chapter examines the impact of location-based ride-hailing applications on daily urban mobility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, one of the largest cities in the Global South. Through a qualitative study including taxi drivers and passengers who use location-based taxi-hailing apps, we investigate how a group of passengers and drivers in Rio de Janeiro integrates ride-hailing apps into their daily routines and how these apps influence mobility within the city. The findings suggest that while location-based services have normally been seen as a threat to privacy, in this group’s case they are a source of security. Furthermore, while taxi-hailing apps were overwhelmingly perceived by the participants as adding convenience to their daily lives, they are still embedded into a politics of mobility, invisibility, surveillance, data collection, and control that is often invisible to passengers and drivers alike.

scholarly journals Juventudes no Complexo do Alemão (RJ): O que diz a literatura?/Youths in the Complexo do Alemão (RJ): What do academic literature say?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-439
Author(s):  
Monica Villaça Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Paula Serrata Malfitano
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The City ◽  
Culture Education ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

A compreensão do contexto no qual se realizam práticas profissionais é essencial para o trabalho do terapeuta ocupacional. Assim, buscando compreender o território e o público com o qual atua, o projeto de extensão “Juventude(s): intervenções de arte-cultura no território”, do Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, apresenta-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de apreender as produções bibliográficas acumuladas voltadas especificamente sobre a juventude moradora do Complexo do Alemão, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas buscas na Web of Science, SocIndex, Scopus, Scielo e no Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, em setembro de 2017, com a combinação de descritores “Complexo do Alemão” AND “young" OR “youth”. Após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão, foram estudadas 11 publicações divididas em categorias temáticas de discussão, a saber: (1) Representação do Complexo do Alemão pela mídia; (2) As questões do território influenciando a prática de diferentes profissionais e (3) As representações dos jovens moradores do Complexo do Alemão sobre as UPPs (Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora). Conclui-se que os textos demonstram aspectos já conhecidos acerca do cotidiano dos jovens moradores de favelas, como a influência da violência e dos estigmas relacionados àquele território. Contudo, existem outras questões importantes a serem abordadas em futuras práticas e pesquisas naquele contexto, como cultura, educação, relações sociais e territoriais, mobilidade urbana, participação política, dentre muitas outras abordagens da juventude contemporânea do Complexo do Alemão.AbstractUnderstanding the context in which professional practices are performed is essential to the work of the occupational therapist. Thus, seeking to understand the territory and the public with which it operates the extension project "Youth(s): interventions of art-culture in the territory" of the Department of Occupational Therapy of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, an integrative review is presented of the literature with the objective of apprehending the accumulated bibliographic productions focused specifically on the resident youth of Complexo do Alemão, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We searched the Web of Science, SocIndex, Scopus, Scielo and the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Portal in September 2017 with the combination of descriptors "Complexo do Alemão" AND "young" OR "youth". After the application of inclusion criteria, we studied 11 publications divided into thematic categories of discussion:  (1) Representation of the Complexo do Alemão by the media, (2) Territorial issues influencing the practice of different professionals, and (3) Representations of the young people living in the Complexo do Alemão on the UPPs (Pacifying Police Unit). The texts show that there are aspects already known about the daily lives of young people living in favelas, such as the influence of violence and stigmas related to that territory. Other important issues to be addressed in future practices and research in that context, such as culture, education, social and territorial relations, urban mobility, political participation, among many other approaches of the contemporary youth of Complexo do Alemão.Key words: Complexo do Alemão; Every-day life; Favela; Territory; Youth.ResumenLa comprensión del contexto en el que se realizan prácticas profesionales es esencial para el trabajo del terapeuta ocupacional. Así, comprender el territorio y el público con el que actúa el proyecto de extensión "Juventud(s): intervenciones de arte-cultura en el territorio", del Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro, se presenta una revisión integrativa de la literatura con el objetivo de aprehender las producciones bibliográficas acumuladas dirigidas específicamente sobre la juventud moradora del Complexo do Alemão, en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Se realizaron búsquedas en la Web of Science, SocIndex, Scopus, Scielo y en el Portal de Tesis y Disertaciones de la CAPES, en septiembre de 2017, con la combinación de descriptores "Complexo do Alemão" AND "young" OR "youth. Después de la aplicación de criterios de inclusión, se estudiaron 11 publicaciones divididas en categorías temáticas de discusión,: (1) la representación Complejo del alemán, en los medios de comunicación, (2) las cuestiones de territorio que influyen en la práctica de diferentes profesionales y (3) las representaciones de y en el caso de los jóvenes residentes del Complejo del Alemán sobre las UPP (Unidad de Policía Pacificadora), se concluye que los textos demuestran aspectos ya conocidos acerca del cotidiano de los jóvenes habitantes de favelas, como la influencia de la violencia y de los estigmas relacionados con aquel territorio. otras cuestiones importantes a ser abordadas en futuras prácticas e investigaciones en ese contexto, como cultura, educación, relaciones sociales y territoriales, movilidad urbana, participación política, entre muchos otros enfoques de la juventud contemporánea del Complexo do Alemão.Palabras clave: Complexo do Alemão; Cotidiano; Favela; Juventud; Território.  

Strangers in the City: Transmigration from Eastern Europe and its Impact on Berlin and Hamburg 1880–1914

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Tobias Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Transit Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article examines the impact of transit migration from the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires on Berlin and Hamburg between 1880 and 1914. Both cities experienced massive growth during the last three decades of the nineteenth century, and both served as major points of passage for Eastern Europeans travelling to (and returning from) the United States. The rising migration from Eastern Europe through Central and Western European cities after 1880 coincided with the need to find adequate solutions to accommodate a rapidly growing number of commuters. The article demonstrates that the isolation of transmigrants in Berlin, Hamburg (and New York) during the 1890s was only partly related to containing contagious disease and ‘undesirable’ migrants. Isolating transmigrants was also a pragmatic response to the increasing pressure on the urban traffic infrastructure.

José Carlos Rodrigues and O Novo Mundo, 1870-1879

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. A. Boehrer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
First Republic ◽  
Social Scene ◽  
Original Owner ◽  
The City

In 1872, it was estimated that there were 378 foreign language journals published in the United States. Of these, only one was in the Portuguese language. O Novo Mundo, published in New York from 1870 to 1879, was singular among the foreign language press publications in that it was designed not for an immigrant audience but rather for readers in another country. Its purpose was to interpret the United States primarily to Brazilians and secondarily to other Latin Americans. Faithful until its last issue to this end, it also commented on the Brazilian political and social scene.José Carlos Rodrigues, O Novo Mundo's original owner and only editor, was a remarkable Brazilian in an era when the Empire and the First Republic produced a galaxy of extraordinary public figures. Born in the city of Cantagallo, province of Rio de Janeiro, on July 19, 1844, be was the son of fazendeiros, and attended the Colégio Dom Pedro II in Rio de Janeiro.

Quantifying changes in bicycle volumes using crowdsourced data

2022 ◽  
pp. 239980832110661
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Ramini ◽  
Mohammad A Takallou ◽  
Daniel P Piatkowski ◽  
Fadi Alsaleem
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crowdsourced Data ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Bicycle Infrastructure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Most cities in the United States lack comprehensive or connected bicycle infrastructure; therefore, inexpensive and easy-to-implement solutions for connecting existing bicycle infrastructure are increasingly being employed. Signage is one of the promising solutions. However, the necessary data for evaluating its effect on cycling ridership is lacking. To overcome this challenge, this study tests the potential of using readily-available crowdsourced data in concert with machine-learning methods to provide insight into signage intervention effectiveness. We do this by assessing a natural experiment to identify the potential effects of adding or replacing signage within existing bicycle infrastructure in 2019 in the city of Omaha, Nebraska. Specifically, we first visually compare cycling traffic changes in 2019 to those from the previous two years (2017–2018) using data extracted from the Strava fitness app. Then, we use a new three-step machine-learning approach to quantify the impact of signage while controlling for weather, demographics, and street characteristics. The steps are as follows: Step 1 (modeling and validation) build and train a model from the available 2017 crowdsourced data (i.e., Strava, Census, and weather) that accurately predicts the cycling traffic data for any street within the study area in 2018; Step 2 (prediction) use the model from Step 1 to predict bicycle traffic in 2019 while assuming new signage was not added; Step 3 (impact evaluation) use the difference in prediction from actual traffic in 2019 as evidence of the likely impact of signage. While our work does not demonstrate causality, it does demonstrate an inexpensive method, using readily-available data, to identify changing trends in bicycling over the same time that new infrastructure investments are being added.

Mexicali’s Exceptionalism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Castillo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Bracero Program ◽  
Border Towns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Records

This chapter examines the impact of Mexican migration to the United States during the era of the Bracero Program (1942–64). It addresses the question of why migration to border towns increased during the 1940s in spite of U.S. immigration restrictions. Existing oral histories collected by the Bracero History Archive of migrant and local Baja families enriched the author's understanding of the ways in which families migrated and looked for work and performed gender roles in Mexico and in the United States. The memories of braceros provided a window into the daily lives and struggles experienced by millions of Mexican workers who migrated to the United States, stories often suppressed in official records.

City-to-City and Temporal Assessment of Peer City Scooter Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Janssen ◽  
William Barbour ◽  
Erin Hafkenschiel ◽  
Mark Abkowitz ◽  
Craig Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Convergence Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Operating Company ◽  
Temporal Assessment

This paper presents a micromobility scooter policy comparison between 10 mid-sized peer cities with respect to 12 policy dimensions. Because of the evolutionary nature of the policy, a temporal analysis of policy dimensions is required, which we conduct and present in this work. The impact of these individual policies reaches across the city itself, the operating company, and the mobility user—all of which are assessed throughout this work. Many of these policy dimensions are acute pain points for cities, such as fleet caps, permitting fees, and equity requirements. In the temporal analysis, some dimensions show not just happenstance variability in attempts to manage forms of micromobility, but appreciable trends. Approximately 1 year after the deployment of dockless electric scooters in cities throughout the United States and the world, cities have made multiple attempts at regulations and legislation to handle the new mobility mode. Throughout this time, cities have agreed from the start in some aspects of policy such as device removal, safety, speed limit, and bonds. In other dimensions, such as fleet expansion plans, equity regulations, and parking requirements, cities see directed movement over time toward a convergence point.

scholarly journals Digital Literacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritika Reddy ◽  
Bibhya Sharma ◽  
Kaylash Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Transportation Economics ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Impact

Information and communication technologies (ICT) along with the internet have fueled advancements and growth in banking, transportation, economics, and most of all in education in the 21st century. The 21st century citizens are provided with new opportunities that have been created with the advancement of ICT. Hence, individuals need a wide range of abilities, competencies, and skills to adapt to the technological era. This paper provides a literature review of the growing importance of ICT, its wide array of usage, and its influence on various facets of people's daily lives. In addition, the emerging concept of digital literacy through ICT developments, contribution of digital literacy towards the achievement of sustainable development goals, contribution of ICT towards the development of various sectors particularly the education sector, and the work done in this area of digital literacy are summarised. The paper concludes with three new models of digital literacy: four gear model, model for flexible learning, and a model showing the impact of ICT on the learning process.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Mobility: Empirical Evidence from the City of Santander (Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Aloi ◽  
Borja Alonso ◽  
Juan Benavente ◽  
Rubén Cordera ◽  
Eneko Echániz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Northern City

This article analyses the impact that the confinement measures or quarantine imposed in Spain on 15 March 2020 had on urban mobility in the northern city of Santander. Data have been collected from traffic counters, public transport ITS, and recordings from traffic control cameras and environmental sensors to make comparisons between journey flows and times before and during the confinement. This data has been used to re-estimate Origin-Destination trip matrices to obtain an initial diagnostic of how daily mobility has been reduced and how the modal distribution and journey purposes have changed. The impact on externalities such as NO2 emissions and traffic accidents have also been quantified. The analysis revealed an overall mobility fall of 76%, being less important in the case of the private car. Public transport users dropped by up to 93%, NO2 emissions were reduced by up to 60%, and traffic accidents were reduced by up to 67% in relative terms.

Transportation and Urbanization in Caracas, 1891-1936

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jeffrey Stann
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The City

Urban morphology and growth have been studied by sociologists and others in the United States for half a century. A question raised in some recent studies is: To what extent are urban forms and growth processes universal? Sargent (1972) has proposed a universal model of urban dynamics intended “to relate processes to the spatial development,” particularly residential development, of the city. Sargent uses Buenos Aires between 1870 and 1930 as a case study. This article applies his model to another Latin American capital, Caracas, during approximately the same time period in order to demonstrate imperfections in the model as it relates to the way in which transportation systems expand, the forces which influence their expansion, and the manner in which they affect city growth.

The Impact of Atmosphere in the City on Subjective Well-Being of Rio de Janeiro Residents During (vs. Before) the 2014 FIFA World Cup

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Schlegel ◽  
Rebecca Pfitzner ◽  
Joerg Koenigstorfer
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study looks at the hosting of the 2014 Fédération Internationale de Football Association World Cup in Rio de Janeiro and, based on research drawing on environmental psychology and studies of liminality, hypothesizes that the perceived celebrative atmosphere in the city increases subjective well-being of host city residents (cariocas). Data were collected via in-person intercept surveys from 221 and 218 cariocas before and during the event, respectively. There was an increase in subjective well-being from before the event to during the event. The results of two-group path modeling revealed further that there was a positive impact of the perceived celebrative atmosphere in the host city on residents’ subjective well-being during the event; the effect was weaker (though still positive) for the time period when the event was not being hosted. Initiatives may build upon the atmospheric elements in a city to increase subjective well-being of residents, particularly in the context of event hosting.

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