Neural Response to Rewards in Youths with Insomnia

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiefan Ling ◽  
Xuanyi Lin ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Ngan Yin Chan ◽  
Jihui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Reward Positivity ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Behavioural Adjustment

Abstract Study Objectives Insomnia and depression are common comorbid conditions in youths. Emerging evidence suggests that disrupted reward processing may be implicated in the association between insomnia and the increased risk for depression. Reduced reward positivity (RewP) as measured by event-related potential (ERP) has been linked to depression, but has not been tested in youths with insomnia. Methods Twenty-eight participants with insomnia disorder and without any comorbid psychiatric disorders and 29 healthy sleepers aged between 15-24 completed a monetary reward task, the Cued Door task, whilst electroencephalographic activity was recorded. RewP (reward minus non-reward difference waves) was calculated as the mean amplitudes within 200ms to 300ms time window at FCz. Two analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted with age as a covariate on RewP amplitude and latency, respectively. Results Participants with insomnia had a significantly lower RewP amplitude regardless of cue types (Gain, Control, and Loss) than healthy sleepers, F (1, 51) = 4.95, p = .031, indicating blunted reward processing. On the behavioural level, healthy sleepers were more prudential (slower reaction time) in decision making towards Loss/Gain cues than their insomnia counterparts. Trial-by-trial behavioural adjustment analyses showed that, compared with healthy sleepers, participants with insomnia were less likely to dynamically change their choices in response to Loss cues. Conclusions Dysfunctional reward processing, coupled with inflexibility of behavioural adjustment in decision-making, is associated with insomnia disorder among youth, independent of mood disorders. Future studies with long-term follow-up are needed to further delineate the developmental trajectory of insomnia-related reward dysfunctions in youth.

scholarly journals Blunted Neural Reward Responsiveness in Children With Recent Suicidal Ideation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliona Tsypes ◽  
Max Owens ◽  
Brandon E. Gibb
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Reward Positivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Individuals with suicidal thoughts and behaviors experience abnormalities in reward-related processes, yet little is known about specific components or stages of reward processing that are impaired, especially in children. The primary aim of this study was to conduct an investigation of the Initial Response to Reward subconstruct of the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria in relation to recent suicidal ideation (SI) in children. Participants were 23 children between the ages of 7 and 11 with a history of recent SI and 46 demographically and clinically matched children with no recent SI. Children completed a simple guessing task during which electroencephalographic signals were continuously recorded to isolate the reward positivity (RewP) event-related potential; specifically, we examined change in RewP (∆RewP), quantified as the difference between neural responses to monetary gains and neural responses to monetary losses. Children with recent SI exhibited significantly smaller (i.e., blunted) ∆RewP, providing initial evidence for blunted initial responses to reward in these children.

scholarly journals Amphetamine alters the Reward Positivity in humans and mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Cavanagh ◽  
Sarah Olguin ◽  
Jo Talledo ◽  
Juliana Kotz ◽  
Benjamin Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Task ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Probabilistic Learning ◽  
Reward Positivity ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Delta Band ◽  
The Impact

The development of pro-cognitive therapeutics for psychiatric disorders has been beset with difficulties. This is in part due to the absence of pharmacologically-sensitive cognitive biomarkers common to humans and rodents. Here, we describe a cross-species translational measure of reward processing that is sensitive to the dopamine agonist, d-amphetamine. Motivated by human electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, we recently reported that frontal midline delta-band power is also an electrophysiological biomarker of reward surprise in mice. Here, we determined the impact on this reward-related EEG response from humans (n=23) and mice (n=28) performing a probabilistic learning task under parametric doses of d-amphetamine (human: placebo, 10 mg, 20 mg; mice: placebo, 0.1 mg/kg, 0.3 mg.kg, 1.0 mg/kg). In humans, d-amphetamine boosted the Reward Positivity event-related potential (ERP) component as well as the spectral delta-band representation of this signal. In mice, only the Reward Positivity ERP component was significantly boosted by d-amphetamine. In sum, the present results confirm the role of dopamine in the generation of the Reward Positivity, and support the first pharmacologically valid biomarker of reward sensitivity across species.

scholarly journals Early visual processing as a marker of disease, not vulnerability: Event-related potential (ERP) evidence from 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, a population at high risk for schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana A. Francisco ◽  
John J. Foxe ◽  
Douwe J. Horsthuis ◽  
Sophie Molholm
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Time Window ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Processing Differences ◽  
Adaptation Task

AbstractWe investigated visual processing in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), a condition characterized by an increased risk for schizophrenia. Visual processing differences have been described in schizophrenia but remain understudied early in the disease course. Electrophysiology was recorded during a visual adaptation task with different interstimulus intervals to investigate visual processing and adaptation in 22q11.2DS (with (22q+) and without (22q-) psychotic symptoms), compared to control and idiopathic schizophrenia groups. Analyses focused on early windows of visual processing. While increased amplitudes were observed in 22q11.2DS in an earlier time window (90-140 ms), decreased responses were seen later (165-205 ms) in schizophrenia and 22q+. 22q11.2DS, and particularly 22q-, presented increased adaptation effects. We argue that while amplitude and adaptation in the earlier time window may reflect specific neurogenetic aspects associated with a deletion in chromosome 22, amplitude in the later window may be a marker of the presence of psychosis and/or of its chronicity/severity.

scholarly journals Neural dynamics of monetary and social reward processing in social anhedonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 991-1003
Author(s):  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Lu Nie ◽  
Ya Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
Social Anhedonia ◽  
Reward Positivity ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Social Rewards ◽  
Present Event

Abstract Being characterized by reduced pleasure from social interaction, social anhedonia constitutes a transdiagnostic marker for various psychiatric disorders. However, the neural portrait of social anhedonia remains elusive because of heterogeneities of reward type and reward dynamics in previous studies. The present event-related potential study investigated neural dynamics in response to monetary and social rewards in social anhedonia. Event-related potential responses were examined when a high social anhedonia (HSA, N = 23) group and a low social anhedonia (LSA, N = 26) group were anticipating and consuming social and monetary rewards. LSA but not HSA participants showed an increased stimulus-preceding negativity (anticipatory phase) and and increased reward positivity (consummatory phase) for monetary as compared with social rewards. This group difference could spring from an increased relevance of social rewards or a general decline in affective responding due to a potential association between social anhedonia and depression. Our findings provide preliminary evidence for neural aberrations of the reward system in social anhedonia, which is contingent upon reward type and reward dynamics.

scholarly journals Early childhood stress exposure, reward pathways, and adult decision making

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (51) ◽  
pp. 13549-13554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus M. Birn ◽  
Barbara J. Roeber ◽  
Seth D. Pollak
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Childhood Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Circumstances

Individuals who have experienced chronic and high levels of stress during their childhoods are at increased risk for a wide range of behavioral problems, yet the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. We measured the life circumstances of a community sample of school-aged children and then followed these children for a decade. Those from the highest and lowest quintiles of childhood stress exposure were invited to return to our laboratory as young adults, at which time we reassessed their life circumstances, acquired fMRI data during a reward-processing task, and tested their judgment and decision making. Individuals who experienced high levels of early life stress showed lower levels of brain activation when processing cues signaling potential loss and increased responsivity when actually experiencing losses. Specifically, those with high childhood stress had reduced activation in the posterior cingulate/precuneus, middle temporal gyrus, and superior occipital cortex during the anticipation of potential rewards; reduced activation in putamen and insula during the anticipation of potential losses; and increased left inferior frontal gyrus activation when experiencing an actual loss. These patterns of brain activity were associated with both laboratory and real-world measures of individuals’ risk taking in adulthood. Importantly, these effects were predicated only by childhood stress exposure and not by current levels of life stress.

scholarly journals Selective Devaluation Affects the Processing of Preferred Rewards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Huvermann ◽  
Christian Bellebaum ◽  
Jutta Peterburs
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Motivational State ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Desire To Eat ◽  
Specific Food

AbstractThe present study investigated whether the representation of subjective preferences in the event-related potential is manipulable through selective devaluation, i.e., the consumption of a specific food item until satiety. Thirty-four participants completed a gambling task in which they chose between virtual doors to find one of three snack items, representing a high, medium, or low preference outcome as defined by individual desire-to-eat ratings. In one of two test sessions, they underwent selective devaluation of the high preference outcome. In the other, they completed the task on an empty stomach. Consistent with previous findings, averaged across sessions, amplitudes were increased for more preferred rewards in the time windows of P2, late FRN, and P300. As hypothesised, we also found a selective devaluation effect for the high preference outcome in the P300 time window, reflected in a decrease in amplitude. The present results provide evidence for modulations of reward processing not only by individual factors, such as subjective preferences, but also by the current motivational state. Importantly, the present data suggest that selective devaluation effects in the P300 may be a promising tool to further characterise altered valuation of food rewards in the context of eating disorders and obesity.

scholarly journals The neural encoding of information prediction errors during non-instrumental information seeking

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Brydevall ◽  
Daniel Bennett ◽  
Carsten Murawski ◽  
Stefan Bode
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Neural Encoding ◽  
New Information ◽  
Human Participants

ABSTRACTIn a dynamic world, accurate beliefs about the environment are vital for survival, and individuals should therefore regularly seek out new information with which to update their beliefs. This aspect of behaviour is not well captured by standard theories of decision making, and the neural mechanisms of information seeking remain unclear. One recent theory posits that valuation of information results from representation of informative stimuli within canonical neural reward-processing circuits, even if that information lacks instrumental use. We investigated this question by recording EEG from twenty-three human participants performing a non-instrumental information-seeking task. In this task, participants could pay a monetary cost to receive advance information about the likelihood of receiving reward in a lottery at the end of each trial. Behavioural results showed that participants were willing to incur considerable monetary costs to acquire early but non-instrumental information. Analysis of the event-related potential elicited by informative cues revealed that the feedback-related negativity independently encoded both an information prediction error and a reward prediction error. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that information seeking results from processing of information within neural reward circuits, and suggests that information may represent a distinct dimension of valuation in decision making under uncertainty.

Feel Thine Own Self – Mood Congruency Evaluation of Emotional State Adjectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Jan Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Mood Induction ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Negativity Bias ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Semantic Access ◽  
Current Mood ◽  
Component Time

Abstract. The goal of the study was to explore event-related potential (ERP) differences during the processing of emotional adjectives that were evaluated as congruent or incongruent with the current mood. We hypothesized that the first effects of congruence evaluation would be evidenced during the earliest stages of semantic analysis. Sixty mood adjectives were presented separately for 1,000 ms each during two sessions of mood induction. After each presentation, participants evaluated to what extent the word described their mood. The results pointed to incongruence marking of adjective’s meaning with current mood during early attention orientation and semantic access stages (the P150 component time window). This was followed by enhanced processing of congruent words at later stages. As a secondary goal the study also explored word valence effects and their relation to congruence evaluation. In this regard, no significant effects were observed on the ERPs; however, a negativity bias (enhanced responses to negative adjectives) was noted on the behavioral data (RTs), which could correspond to the small differences traced on the late positive potential.

Neurobiological Reward-Related Abnormalities Across Mood Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-238
Author(s):  
Alexis E. Whitton ◽  
Michael T. Treadway ◽  
Manon L. Ironside ◽  
Diego A. Pizzagalli
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Reward Learning ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Primary Focus

This chapter provides a critical review of recent behavioral and neuroimaging evidence of reward processing abnormalities in mood disorders. The primary focus is on the neural mechanisms underlying disruption in approach motivation, reward learning, and reward-based decision-making in major depression and bipolar disorder. Efforts focused on understanding how reward-related impairments contribute to psychiatric symptomatology have grown substantially in recent years. This has been driven by significant advances in the understanding of the neurobiology of reward processing and a growing recognition that disturbances in motivation and hedonic capacity are poorly targeted by current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. As a result, numerous studies have sought to test the presence of reward circuit dysfunction in psychiatric disorders that are marked by anhedonia, amotivation, mania, and impulsivity. Moreover, as the field has increasingly eschewed categorical diagnostic boundaries in favor of symptom dimensions, there has been a parallel rise in studies seeking to identify transdiagnostic neural markers of reward processing dysfunction that may transcend disorders. The thesis of this chapter is twofold: First, evidence indicates that specific subcomponents of reward processing map onto partially distinct neurobiological pathways. Second, specific subcomponents of reward processing, including reward learning and effort-based decision-making, are impaired across different mood disorder diagnoses and may point to dimensions in symptom presentation that possess more reliable behavioral and neural correlates. The potential for these findings to inform the development of prevention and treatment strategies is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document