scholarly journals Fermentation of liquid feed with lactic acid bacteria reduces dry matter losses, lysine breakdown, formation of biogenic amines and phytate-phosphorus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Lau ◽  
J Hummel ◽  
E Kramer ◽  
M Hünerberg
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Complete Breakdown ◽  
The Impact

ABSTACT This study investigated the fermentation of liquid feed for pigs and the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) supplementation on fermentation rate, dry matter losses (DML), formation of biogenic amines and degradation of phytate-P. The basal substrate in all three in-vitro batch experiments consisted of 50% canola meal, 25% wheat, and 25% barley. The mixed substrates were adjusted to a dry matter (DM) content of 28.4% and fermented in 1L-vessels at 37° C for 24 h. Experiment 1 focused on changes in pH profiles over time. Treatments were: (1) liquid feed without additive (control) and (2) liquid feed supplemented with a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Lactobacillus lactis (adLAB) at 2.0 × 10 5 CFU/g liquid feed (wet wt.; n = 8). Substrate pH was measured every 2 h. Experiment 2 focused on DML and the impact of fermentation on phytate-P. Treatments were identical to experiment 1 (control and adLAB; n = 8). Measured parameters included concentration of lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, and phytate-P, and DML after 24 h of fermentation. Counts of molds, Enterobobacteriaceae, yeasts and LAB were determined in one combined sample of all replicates. Dry matter losses were lower in LAB supplemented fermentations (5.89%) compared to the control (11.8%; P < 0.001). Supplementation with LAB reduced the phytate-P content (2.66 g/kg DM) compared to the control (3.07 g/kg DM; P = 0.002). Experiment 3 evaluated DML and the impact of fermentation on formation of biogenic amines. Treatments were: (1) control, (2) adLAB (2.0 × 10 5 CFU LAB/g liquid feed), (3) adLys (0.60% DM supplemented lysine) and (4) adLAB+Lys (combination of adLAB and adLys; n = 8). The fermentation of adLys resulted in a nearly complete breakdown of supplemented lysine, while only 10% of supplemented lysine was lost in adLAB+Lys. Furthermore, all adLys samples tested positive for cadaverine (mean concentration 0.89% DM), while no adLAB samples contained cadaverine above the detection limit (P < 0.001). Results indicate that DML is reduced in fermentations supplemented with homofermentative LAB. Fermentation of liquid feed with homofermentative LAB can effectively reduce the degradation of supplemental lysine, and has the potential to further improve P availability.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Characterization of Growth Inhibition against the Gut Pathogen of Potentially Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Fermented Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2141
Author(s):  
Ji Young Jung ◽  
Sang-Soo Han ◽  
Z-Hun Kim ◽  
Myung Hoo Kim ◽  
Hye Kyeong Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fermented Products

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are probiotic candidates that may restore the balance of microbiota populations in intestinal microbial ecosystems by controlling pathogens and thereby promoting host health. The goal of this study was to isolate potential probiotic LAB strains and characterize their antimicrobial abilities against pathogens in intestinal microbiota. Among 54 LAB strains isolated from fermented products, five LAB strains (NSMJ15, NSMJ16, NSMJ23, NSMJ42, and NFFJ04) were selected as potential probiotic candidates based on in vitro assays of acid and bile salt tolerance, cell surface hydrophobicity, adhesion to the intestinal epithelium, and antagonistic activity. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA genes showed that they have high similarities of 99.58–100% to Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strains NSMJ15 and NFFJ04, Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri NSMJ16, Levilactobacillus brevis NSMJ23, and Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis NSMJ42. To characterize their antimicrobial abilities against pathogens in intestinal microbiota, the impact of cell-free supernatant (CFS) treatment in 10% (v/v) fecal suspensions prepared using pooled cattle feces was investigated using in vitro batch cultures. Bacterial community analysis using rRNA amplicon sequencing for control and CFS-treated fecal samples at 8 and 16 h incubation showed the compositional change after CFS treatment for all five LAB strains. The changed compositions were similar among them, but there were few variable increases or decreases in some bacterial groups. Interestingly, as major genera that could exhibit pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, the members of Bacillus, Escherichia, Leclercia, Morganella, and Vagococcus were decreased at 16 h in all CFS-treated samples. Species-level classification suggested that the five LAB strains are antagonistic to gut pathogens. This study showed the probiotic potential of the five selected LAB strains; in particular, their antimicrobial properties against pathogens present in the intestinal microbiota. These strains would therefore seem to play an important role in modulating the intestinal microbiome of the host.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Rice Straw Silage Fermentation with Different Types of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant Affects Rumen Microbial Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Ehsan Oskoueian ◽  
Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi ◽  
Saeid Jafari ◽  
Majid Shakeri ◽  
Hieu Huu Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Silage Quality

Bacterial inoculants are known to improve the quality of silage. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; L. plantarum, L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. brevi, and S. bovis) inoculation (106 cfu/ DM) on rice straw silage quality and to determine these effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics, digestibility and microbial populations in an in vitro condition. Inoculated rice straw was ensiled for 15 and 30 days. For the in vitro study, rumen fluid was obtained from three rumen-fistulated bulls fed on mixed forage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio twice daily. Inoculation with LAB improved (p < 0.05) the rice straw silage quality as indicated by higher dry matter and crude protein contents, decreased pH and butyric acid, and increased propionic acid and LAB numbers, especially after 30 days of ensiling. Results from the in vitro study revealed that starting with the addition of LAB to rice straw silage improved in vitro fermentation characteristics such as increased total volatile fatty acids and dry matter digestibility (p < 0.05). LAB treatments also decreased methane production and methane/total gas ratio after 15 and 30 days of ensiling. From the rumen microbial population perspective, cellulolytic, and fungal zoospores were enhanced, while protozoa and methanogens were decreased by the LAB treatments. Based on these results, it could be concluded that inoculating rice straw silage with LAB (especially for L. plantarum and S. bovis) improved silage quality, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial populations in vitro.

scholarly journals Using Lactic Acid Bacteria as Silage Inoculants or Direct-Fed Microbials to Improve In Vitro Degradability and Reduce Methane Emissions in Dairy Cows

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Huyen ◽  
Ines Martinez ◽  
Wilbert Pellikaan
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Silage Inoculants ◽  
Silage Inoculant

The current study has two objectives: (1) To determine the effect of different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains’ inoculant on silage quality of fresh ryegrass (FR) and rain-treated ryegrass (RTR), and (2) to find the optimal way (silage inoculant vs. direct-fed microbial (DFM)) to use LAB strains in order to improve nutrient digestibility and reduce methane emission (CH4) in ruminant production. Five LAB strains were tested, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AGR-1, L. plantarum AGR-2, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis AGR-3, L. lactis subsp. lactis AGR-4 and L. lactis subsp. lactis AGR-5. Each LAB strain was inoculated at 106 cfu/g fresh weight into the FR and the RTR and ensiled for 60 days. After ensiling, the effect of LAB strains included as a DFM or silage inoculant on rumen digestibility and CH4 production were measured using an in vitro gas production system with three separate runs. The in vitro experiment consisted of 24 treatments (2 grasses (FR and RTR) × 2 ways (inoculant or DFM) × 6 strains (5 LAB strains + 1 Control)). The results indicated that the LAB strains’ inoculant treatments reduced (p < 0.0001) the dry matter (DM) losses, the NH3 concentration (p < 0.0001) and the pH (p = 0.0019) upon ensiling in both the FR and the RTR. The lowest values in dry matter (DM) loss and NH3 concentration were found in the L. plantarum (AGR-2) and L. lactis (AGR-5). The in vitro CH4 production was lower for silages inoculated with L. plantarum (AGR-1, p = 0.0054), L. lactis (AGR-4, p = 0.026), L. lactis (AGR-5, p = 0.029) and L. plantarum (AGR-2, p = 0.090), compared to the control. Methane production was lower (p = 0.0027) for LABs when used as silage inoculants, compared to being used as DFM. Lactic acid bacteria used as silage inoculants increased (p ≤ 0.0001) the in vitro DM and organic matter (OM) degradability both in the FR and the RTR, whereas LAB strains used as DFM showed no such effect. The DM and OM digestibility were highest in the L. plantarum (AGR-1, p = 0.0175). Among the five LAB strains used in the current study, L. plantarum (AGR-2) was the best candidate to improve silage quality. Our observations suggest that these LAB strains are most promising when used as silage inoculants and to be confirmed in vivo.

scholarly journals Evidence of Two Functionally Distinct Ornithine Decarboxylation Systems in Lactic Acid Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1953-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Romano ◽  
Hein Trip ◽  
Aline Lonvaud-Funel ◽  
Juke S. Lolkema ◽  
Patrick M. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Ph Homeostasis ◽  
Strain Collection

ABSTRACTBiogenic amines are low-molecular-weight organic bases whose presence in food can result in health problems. The biosynthesis of biogenic amines in fermented foods mostly proceeds through amino acid decarboxylation carried out by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but not all systems leading to biogenic amine production by LAB have been thoroughly characterized. Here, putative ornithine decarboxylation pathways consisting of a putative ornithine decarboxylase and an amino acid transporter were identified in LAB by strain collection screening and database searches. The decarboxylases were produced in heterologous hosts and purified and characterizedin vitro, whereas transporters were heterologously expressed inLactococcus lactisand functionally characterizedin vivo. Amino acid decarboxylation by whole cells of the original hosts was determined as well. We concluded that two distinct types of ornithine decarboxylation systems exist in LAB. One is composed of an ornithine decarboxylase coupled to an ornithine/putrescine transmembrane exchanger. Their combined activities results in the extracellular release of putrescine. This typical amino acid decarboxylation system is present in only a few LAB strains and may contribute to metabolic energy production and/or pH homeostasis. The second system is widespread among LAB. It is composed of a decarboxylase active on ornithine andl-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) and a transporter that mediates unidirectional transport of ornithine into the cytoplasm. Diamines that result from this second system are retained within the cytosol.

scholarly journals Application of Different Types of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant on Ensiled Rice Straw; Effects on Silage Quality, Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Microbial Population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Oskoueian ◽  
Saeid Jafari ◽  
Reza Noura ◽  
Mohammad Faseleh Jahromi ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Silage Quality

AbstractBacterial inoculants are known to improve quality of silage. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB;L. plantarum,L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. brevisandS. bovis) inoculation (106g−1DM) on rice straw silage quality and to examine these effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics, digestibility and microbial populations in anin vitrocondition. Inoculated rice straw was ensiled for 15 and 30 days. Forin vitrostudy, rumen liquor was obtained from two rumen fistulated mature cows fed on mixed forage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio twice daily. Inoculation of LAB improved (P˂0.05) the rice straw silage quality such as increased dry matter and crude protein contents, decreased pH and butyric acid, and increased propionic acid and LAB contents especially after 30 days of ensiling. Results fromin vitrostudy revealed that addition of LAB to the rice straw silage improved fermentation characteristics such as increased total volatile fatty acids and dry matter digestibility (P˂0.05). LAB treatments also decreased methane production and methane/total gas ratio after 15 and 30 days of ensiling. From the rumen microbial population perspective, cellulolytic, and fungal zoospores were enhanced while protozoa and methanogens were decreased by the LAB treatments. Based on these results, it could be concluded that inoculating rice straw silage with LAB (especially forL. plantarumandS. bovis) improved silage quality, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial populationsin vitro. However,in vivostudies need to confirm those effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Nutritive Value and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Maize and Rice Straw Silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7801
Author(s):  
Tabita Dameria Marbun ◽  
Kihwan Lee ◽  
Jaeyong Song ◽  
Chan Ho Kwon ◽  
Duhak Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Silage Additives

A study was conducted to determine the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on nutritive value and in vitro rumen digestibility of maize and rice straw silages. Two identical experiments were carried out for each of the two silages. A total of five treatments were used for each experiment: (1) negative control (NC); (2) positive control (PC); (3) Lactobacillus plantarum (LPL); (4) L. paracasei (LPA); and (5) L. acidophilus (LA). Each treatment was then divided into four ensiling periods: 3, 7, 20, and 40 days with three replications. The LPL treatment had significantly higher dry matter (DM), lower ammonia-N, and a lower number of fungi on maize silage after 40 days (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the LA treatment increased DM and CP content, reduced NDF and ADF contents compared to NC, and also produced more lactic acid compared to the other LAB-treated rice straw silages. Results of the in vitro rumen fermentation of maize silages showed no significant differences in DMD after LAB inoculation. However, higher DMD and ruminal ammonia-N were shown by rice straw ensiled with L. acidophilus. In conclusion, silage additives, which could improve the ensiling process of maize and rice straw, appeared to be different and substrate specific.

In vitro adhesion of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria to Caco-2P and IEC-18 cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Szekér ◽  
J. Beczner ◽  
A. Halász ◽  
Á. Mayer ◽  
J.M. Rezessy-Szabó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Adhesion
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