scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity and Its Prognostic Impact on Urologic Cancers: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stangl-Kremser ◽  
A. Mari ◽  
L. Y. Lai ◽  
C. T. Lee ◽  
R. Vince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Urologic Cancers

scholarly journals COVID-19 and myocarditis: a systematic review and overview of current challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Castiello ◽  
Georgios Georgiopoulos ◽  
Gherardo Finocchiaro ◽  
Monaco Claudia ◽  
Andrea Gianatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
Histological Data

AbstractMyocardial inflammation in COVID-19 has been documented. Its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, but the two main theories foresee a direct role of ACE2 receptor and a hyperimmune response, which may also lead to isolated presentation of COVID-19-mediated myocarditis. The frequency and prognostic impact of COVID-19-mediated myocarditis is unknown. This review aims to summarise current evidence on this topic. We performed a systematic review of MEDLINE and Cochrane Library (1/12/19–30/09/20). We also searched clinicaltrials.gov for unpublished studies testing therapies with potential implication for COVID-19-mediated cardiovascular complication. Eligible studies had laboratory confirmed COVID-19 and a clinical and/or histological diagnosis of myocarditis by ESC or WHO/ISFC criteria. Reports of 38 cases were included (26 male patients, 24 aged < 50 years). The first histologically proven case was a virus-negative lymphocytic myocarditis; however, biopsy evidence of myocarditis secondary to SARS-CoV-2 cardiotropism has been recently demonstrated. Histological data was found in 12 cases (8 EMB and 4 autopsies) and CMR was the main imaging modality to confirm a diagnosis of myocarditis (25 patients). There was a substantial variability in biventricular systolic function during the acute episode and in therapeutic regimen used. Five patients died in hospital. Cause-effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and myocarditis is difficult to demonstrate. However, current evidence demonstrates myocardial inflammation with or without direct cardiomyocyte damage, suggesting different pathophysiology mechanisms responsible of COVID-mediated myocarditis. Established clinical approaches should be pursued until future evidence support different actions. Large multicentre registries are advisable to elucidate further.

Impact of BRAF mutations on prognosis and immunotherapy response in microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3557-3557
Author(s):  
Robin Park ◽  
Laércio Lopes da Silva ◽  
Sunggon Lee ◽  
Anwaar Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Braf Mutation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
The Impact

3557 Background: Mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) defines a molecular subtype with distinct clinicopathologic characteristics including an excellent response to immunotherapy. Although BRAF mutations are established as a negative prognostic marker in CRC, whether they retain their negative prognostic impact in or alter the response to immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H CRC remains unknown. Herein, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of BRAF mutations on the overall survival (OS) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in dMMR/MSI-H CRC. Methods: Studies published from inception to 26 January 2021 were searched in PubMed, Embase, and major conference proceedings (AACR, ASCO, and ESMO). Eligible studies included the following: 1) observational studies reporting outcomes based on BRAF mutation status in dMMR/MSI-H CRC patients and 2) experimental studies of ICI reporting outcomes based on BRAF mutation status in dMMR/MSI-H CRC patients. A summary hazard ratio (HR) was calculated for OS in BRAF mutated ( BRAFmut) vs. BRAF wild type ( BRAFwt) patients (pts) with the random effects meta-analysis (REM). A summary odds ratio (OR) was calculated for objective response rate (ORR) in BRAFmut vs. BRAFwt pts treated with ICI with the REM. Results: Database search conducted according to PRISMA guidelines found 4221 studies in total. Initial screening identified 30 studies and after full-text review, 9 studies (N = 4158 pts) were included for the meta-analysis of prognosis (analysis A) and 3 studies (N = 178 pts) were included for the meta-analysis of ICI response (analysis B). The outcome measures are summarized in the table below. Analysis A showed that in stage I-IV dMMR/MSI-H CRC pts, BRAFmut was associated with worse OS than BRAFwt (HR 1.57, 1.23-1.99). The heterogeneity was low (I2 = 21%). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the prognostic impact of BRAF mutation status between stage IV only and stage I-IV CRC pts. Analysis B showed no difference in ORR (OR 1.04, 0.48-2.25) between BRAFmut vs. BRAFwt dMMR/MSI-H pts who received ICI. The heterogeneity was low (I2 = 0%). Conclusions: BRAF mutations retain their negative prognostic impact in dMMR/MSI-H stage I-IV and stage IV CRC but are not associated with differential ICI response. Limitations include the following: analysis A was based on retrospective studies; also, the impact of BRAF status on the survival outcome of ICI could not be assessed due to limited number of studies.[Table: see text]

Prevalence, diagnostic criteria, and factors associated with sarcopenic obesity in older adults from a low middle income country: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sortênia Alves Guimarães ◽  
Carolina Araújo dos Santos ◽  
Joice da Silva Castro ◽  
Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol ◽  
Fabiane Aparecida Canaan Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated

Prognostic Impact of C-Reactive Protein in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 772-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Rocha ◽  
Charity J. Morgan ◽  
Arnoud J. Templeton ◽  
Gregory R. Pond ◽  
Gurudatta Naik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

scholarly journals Clinical Theragnostic Potential of Diverse miRNA Expressions in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rama Jayaraj ◽  
Greg Raymond ◽  
Sunil Krishnan ◽  
Katherine S. Tzou ◽  
Siddhartha Baxi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Methodological Assessment ◽  
Trim And Fill

Background: Prostate cancer (PrC) is the second-most frequent cancer in men, its incidence is emerging globally and is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. While diagnosis and prognosis of PrC have been studied well, the associated therapeutic biomarkers have not yet been investigated comprehensively. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the theragnostic effects of microRNA expressions on chemoresistance in prostate cancer and to analyse the utility of miRNAs as clinical theragnostic biomarkers. Methods: A systematic literature search for studies reporting miRNA expressions and their role in chemoresistance in PrC published until 2018 was collected from bibliographic databases. The evaluation of data was performed as per PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Heterogeneity between studies was analysed using Cochran’s Q test, I2 and the Tau statistic. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for the methodological assessment of cohort studies. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s bias indicator test, Orwin and classic fail-safe N test, Begg and Mazumdar rank collection test, and Duval and Tweedie’s trim and fill methods. Findings: Out of 2909 studies retrieved, 79 studies were shortlisted and reviewed. A total of 17 studies met our eligibility criteria, from which 779 PrC patients and 17 chemotherapy drugs were examined, including docetaxel and paclitaxel. The majority of the drug regulatory genes reported were involved in cell survival, angiogenesis and cell proliferation pathways. We studied 42 miRNAs across all studies, out of which two miRNAs were found to be influencing chemosensitivity, while 21 were involved in chemoresistance. However, the remaining 19 miRNAs did not appear to have any theragnostic effects. Besides, the prognostic impact of the miRNAs was evaluated and had a pooled HR value of 1.960 with 95% CI (1.377–2.791). Interpretation: The observation of the current study depicts the significance of miRNA expression as a theragnostic biomarker in medical oncology. This review suggests the involvement of specific miRNAs as predictors of chemoresistance and sensitivity in PrC. Hence, the current systematic review and meta-analysis provide insight on the use of miRNA as PrC biomarkers, which can be harnessed as molecular candidates for therapeutic targeting.

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