scholarly journals The longitudinal kinetics of antibodies in COVID-19 recovered patients over 14 months

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuf Eyran ◽  
Anna Vaisman-Mentesh ◽  
Yeal Dror ◽  
Ligal Aizik ◽  
Aya Kigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decay Rate ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

Here, we describe the longitudinal kinetics of the serological response in COVID-19 recovered patients over the period of 14 months. The antibody kinetics in a cohort of 200 recovered patients with 89 follow up samples at 2-4 visits reveal that RBD-specific antibodies decay over the period of 14 month following the onset of symptoms. The decay rate is associated with the robustness of the response thus, recovered patients that exhibit elevated antibody levels at the first visit, experience faster decay. We further explored the longitudinal kinetics differences between recovered patients and naive BNT162b2 vaccinees. We found a significantly faster decay in naive vaccinees compared to recovered patients suggesting that the serological memory following natural infection is more robust compared to vaccination. Our data highlights the differences between serological memory induced by natural infection vs. vaccination, facilitating the decision making in Israel regarding the 3rd dose vaccination.

scholarly journals Kinetics and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies – a comparison of 3 different assays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Kahre ◽  
Lukas Galow ◽  
Manja Unrath ◽  
Luise Haag ◽  
Judith Blankenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Specific Assay ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics

AbstractPurposeComparing seroprevalence and antibody kinetics in three different commercially available assays for SARS-CoV-2.MethodsSerostatus of COVID-19 patients was analyzed 5 months and 10 months after their infection, using three different assays: Diasorin LIAISON®, Euroimmun®, Abbott Diagnostics® ARCHITECT.ResultsSeropositivity at baseline differed significantly depending on the assay (Diasorin 81%, Euroimmun 83%, Abbott 59%). At follow-up antibody levels detected in the Diasorin assay were stable, while there was a significant loss in seropositivity in the Euroimmun and Abbott assays.ConclusionThere are significant differences in SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics based on the specific assay used.Trial registration number, date of registrationDRKS00022549, 29.07.2020 “retrospectively registered”

scholarly journals Serological monitoring of ornitobacteriosis in broilers in South Banat district

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Pavle Gavrilovic ◽  
Nikola Vaskovic ◽  
Milijan Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a relatively recently discovered bacterium and its role in the pathology of avian respiratory infections has not yet been clarified. Since there was no data relating to the prevalence of this infection in Serbia at the time of carrying out our investigations, we decided to explore the prevalence of the infection in broilers and its influence on clinical manifestations at the selected apizootiological area with developed poultry industry. A total of 430 blood samples from 26 flocks of broilers of different ages, from five municipalities were taken for examination. The serum samples were tested by ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies to the agent. Epizootiological investigation was carried out based on the results obtained with serological testing and epizootiological data, collected from the farms. The data were analyzed statistically to identify association between the infection and manifestation of clinical symptoms by Fisher?s exact test. Seropositive chickens were detected in 16 out of 26 examined broiler flocks at the age of 3 to 56 days. The percentage of seropositive samples per flock was 5-30%. The titer values of specific antibodies ranged from 946 to 6886. Serological response to O. rhinotracheale was evidenced in five flocks which had clinical symptoms in the form of respiratory tract disorders or stunting. However, specific antibodies against the agent were discovered in 11 flocks which did not show clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis revealed no association between the presence of infection and the appearance of clinical symptoms (p = 0.1213). The results are in agreement with those of other authors who investigated the prevalence of this infection and its manifestations in other countries. The present investigation determined indirectly, serologically a presence of O. rhinotracheale in the majority of examined broiler flocks (61,54%) and a small average number of individual seropositive chickens per flock - 10 % of all examined samples. Although O. rhinotracheale is wide-spread in intensive broiler production in South Banat its presence does not always lead to clinical manifestation of respiratory tract disorders. Seropositive chickens are detected in the first week of life, which indicates the presence of maternal antibodies. Presence of antibodies as the response of organism to the natural infection is detected in chickens after four weeks of age.

scholarly journals Longitudinal protection following natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and early vaccine responses: insights from a cohort of community based dental health care professionals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian M. Shields ◽  
Sian E. Faustini ◽  
Caroline A. Kristunas ◽  
Alex M. Cook ◽  
Claire Backhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Spike Glycoprotein ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractBackgroundThe threshold of protection for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibodies and their longevity are not known. Interpretation of serological results in with respect to international reference material can inform this essential question.Methods1,507 West Midlands dental care professionals were recruited into this study in June 2020. Baseline seroprevalence of antibodies directed against the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein was determined and the cohort was followed longitudinally for 6 months until January/February 2021 through the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, and commencement of vaccination.ResultsBaseline seroprevalence was 16.3% in this cohort, compared to estimates in the general population of between 6-7%. Seropositivity was retained in over 70% of participants at 3 and 6-month follow up and conferred a 74% reduced risk of infection. During follow-up, no PCR-proven infections occurred in individuals with a baseline anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level greater than 147.6 IU/ml with respect to the World Health Organization international standard 20-136. Post-vaccination, antibody responses were more rapid and of higher magnitude in individuals with who were seropositive at baseline.ConclusionNatural infection leads to a serological response that remains detectable in over 70% of individuals 6 months after initial sampling and 9 months from the peak of the first wave of the pandemic. This response is associated with protection from future infection. Even if serological responses wane, a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is associated with an antibody response indicative of immunological memory.FundingThe Association of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine and The Institute for Global Innovation (IGI) of the University of Birmingham.

scholarly journals Type-Specific Antibodies to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Acquired either Naturally or after Vaccination with Prevenar in Children with Underlying Chronic or Recurrent Lung Diseases

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Navarro ◽  
Amparo Escribano ◽  
Laura Cebrián ◽  
Concepción Gimeno ◽  
Leonor García-Maset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The antibody response to capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcal serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F elicited either naturally or after vaccination with Prevenar was investigated in a cohort of children (n = 163) with underlying chronic or recurrent lung diseases at risk of developing pneumococcal pneumonia and ultimately invasive disease. Serum concentrations of serotype-specific antibodies, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in unvaccinated children (n = 88) were higher in nasopharyngeal carriers (n = 10) than in noncarriers (n = 78) both at baseline and during follow-up. However, the antibody levels depended on the serotype and age of the children. During the study period, 35% of unvaccinated noncarriers and 60% of unvaccinated carriers displayed serum antibodies to all serotypes above the reported WHO working group putative protective serum concentration against invasive disease (0.2 μg/ml). Overall, children vaccinated with Prevenar before enrollment (n = 61), irrespective of their carrier status, displayed significantly higher serum levels of antibodies to all serotypes than unvaccinated children. More than 85% of the vaccinated children had protective serum antibody concentrations at baseline; although antibody titers tended to decrease over time, the above-mentioned figure remained without change at the end of follow-up. The vaccine Prevenar elicited a significant rise in serum antibody concentrations against all serotypes in 14 children vaccinated at entry. All of these children acquired and maintained serum antibody levels of >0.2 μg/ml throughout the study (a mean of 13 months of follow-up). These data support the systematic use of the vaccine Prevenar in children with underlying chronic or recurrent lung diseases and stress the fact that a percentage of vaccinated children may need to be revaccinated in order to achieve protection against pneumococcal disease.

scholarly journals Kinetics and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies – a comparison of 3 different assays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Kahre ◽  
Lukas Galow ◽  
Manja Unrath ◽  
Luise Haag ◽  
Judith Blankenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Specific Assay ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics

Abstract Purpose: Comparing seroprevalence and antibody kinetics in three different commercially available assays for SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Serostatus of COVID-19 patients was analyzed 5 months and 10 months after their infection, using three different assays: Diasorin LIAISON®, Euroimmun®, Abbott Diagnostics® ARCHITECT. Results: Seropositivity at baseline differed significantly depending on the assay (Diasorin 81%, Euroimmun 83%, Abbott 59%). At follow-up antibody levels detected in the Diasorin assay were stable, while there was a significant loss in seropositivity in the Euroimmun and Abbott assays. Conclusion: There are significant differences in SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics based on the specific assay used.Trial registration number, date of registration DRKS00022549, 29.07.2020 “retrospectively registered”

scholarly journals Testing IgG antibodies against the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 is sufficient and necessary for COVID-19 diagnosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Indenbaum ◽  
Ravit Koren ◽  
Shiri Katz-Likvornik ◽  
Mayan Yitzchaki ◽  
Osnat Halpern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Past Exposure ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Diagnostic Capacity ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The COVID-19 pandemic and the fast global spread of the disease resulted in unprecedented decline in world trade and travel. A critical priority is, therefore, to quickly develop serological diagnostic capacity and identify individuals with past exposure to SARS-CoV-2. In this study serum samples obtained from 309 persons infected by SARS-CoV-2 and 324 of healthy, uninfected individuals as well as serum from 7 COVID-19 patients with 4–7 samples each ranging between 1–92 days post first positive PCR were tested by an “in house” ELISA which detects IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. Sensitivity of 47%, 80% and 88% and specificity of 100%, 98% and 98% in detection of IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies, respectively, were observed. IgG antibody levels against the RBD were demonstrated to be up regulated between 1–7 days after COVID-19 detection, earlier than both IgM and IgA antibodies. Study of the antibody kinetics of seven COVID 19 patients revealed that while IgG levels are high and maintained for at least 3 months, IgM and IgA levels decline after a 35–50 days following infection. Altogether, these results highlight the usefulness of the RBD based ELISA, which is both easy and cheap to prepare, to identify COVID-19 patients even at the acute phase. Most importantly our results demonstrate that measuring IgG levels alone is both sufficient and necessary to diagnose past exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Depends on the Analytical Kit: A Report for Up to 10 Months after Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Favresse ◽  
Christine Eucher ◽  
Marc Elsen ◽  
Constant Gillot ◽  
Sandrine Van Eeckhoudt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Assays ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Kinetics Of

Several studies have described the long-term kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies but long-term follow-up data, i.e., >6 months, are still sparse. Additionally, the literature is inconsistent regarding the waning effect of the serological response. The aim of this study was to explore the temporal dynamic changes of the immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized symptomatic patients over a period of 10 months. Six different analytical kits for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection were used. Positivity rates, inter-assay agreement and kinetic models were determined. A high inter-individual and an inter-methodology variability was observed. Assays targeting total antibodies presented higher positivity rates and reached the highest positivity rates sooner compared with assays directed against IgG. The inter-assay agreement was also higher between these assays. The stratification by disease severity showed a much-elevated serological response in hospitalized versus non-hospitalized patients in all assays. In this 10-month follow-up study, serological assays showed a clinically significant difference to detect past SARS-CoV-2 infection with total antibody assays presenting the highest positivity rates. The waning effect reported in several studies should be interpreted with caution because it could depend on the assay considered.

scholarly journals Titers, Prevalence, and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in a Local COVID-19 Outbreak and Following Vaccination

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Jodi F. Hedges ◽  
Macy A. Thompson ◽  
Deann T. Snyder ◽  
Amanda Robison ◽  
Matthew P. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Capacity ◽  
Protein Receptor ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Antibody Levels

Information concerning the development of neutralizing antibodies and their duration will be critical to establishing herd immunity for COVID-19. We sought to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies, their duration, and capacity for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization in volunteers while the pandemic spread within our community starting in March 2020. Those participants with the highest starting titers had the longest-lasting response, up to 12 months post-diagnosis. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization capacity was correlated with anti-RBD antibody levels. The majority of our participants with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis had very mild or asymptomatic infections. We also detected low and largely non-neutralizing anti-RBD IgG titers in a few participants with no known COVID-19 diagnosis. Finally, we found that antibody responses induced by vaccination were significantly higher than those induced by natural infection. Thus, our study suggests that vaccination is still critical even for those naturally infected or diagnosed with COVID-19.

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