scholarly journals Effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and ghrelin in pubertal rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Dongmei Huang ◽  
Wang Zhi ◽  
Dong Haoxu ◽  
Wang Qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor

: Polycystic ovary syndrome often starts in puberty, and its pathogenesis is not clear. This study aimed to explore the pathogenesis of pubertal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and assess the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on pubertal PCOS. Methods: Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was used to induce rat models of pubertal PCOS. pubertal rats with PCOS were randomly divided into a model group (M), an electroacupuncture group (EA), and a sham acupuncture group (SA). Age-matched normal rats were regarded as normal controls (N). Rats were treated with EA or SA five times a week for 25 minutes during their 6 th –7 th week. At the end of the experiment, we observed any changes in ovarian morphology; detected levels of metabolic indices in serum, the hypothalamus and pancreas. Results: EA significantly improved estrous cycle disorders and the ovarian polycystic morphology in pubertal rats with PCOS, but SA only improved disorders of the estrous cycle. The serum levels of insulin, neuropeptide Y(NPY) and fasting blood glucose(FBG) increased significantly, while the serum levels of ghrelin(GHRL) decreased in the model group. After treatment with EA, the levels of NPY and FBG went into decrease, whereas the levels of GHRL and insulin increased. There was few differences in the hypothalamic expression of galanin (GAL), galanin-like peptide (GALP) and ghrelin receptor(GHSR) between the four groups. The upregulation of NPY mRNA and neuropeptide Y2 receptor(NPY2R) mRNA and the downregulation of GHRL protein and mRNA in the hypothalamus, and the increased expression of NPY and NPY2R as well as the decreased expression of GHRL in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) can be rescued by EA. But, surprisingly, SA seem to make no difference to the levels of FBG and insulin, and the protein expression of ghrelin in the hypothalamus and ARC. Co-expression of kisspeptin and GHSR, and co-expression of gonadotrophin releasing hormone(GnRH) and NPY2R were observed in ARC. No differences were found between groups in protein of GAL, GALP and GHRL expression in the pancreas. Neither EA nor SA can attenuate the upregulated kisspeptin protein expression in the pancreas of PCOS model rats. EA and SA improved the symptoms of pubertal PCOS rats, and the mechanism might be associated with regulating hypothalamic NPY and ghrelin levels.

scholarly journals Correlation between Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels and Antral Follicle Numbers in Polycystic Ovary and Metabolic Syndromes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huo Fu ◽  
Youshi Lin ◽  
Xueqing Deng ◽  
Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Antral Follicles

Abstract Background Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is expressed by granulosa cells of the pre-antral and small antral follicles in the ovary. Serum AMH levels are significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) due to an increased number of antral follicles and also a higher production per antral follicle. We proposed diagnostic criteria for the identification of PCOS that are based on variation in the AMH concentrations.Methods This study explored the relationship between serum AMH levels and other hormonal markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome. One hundred fifty patients with PCOS and normally cycling women were examined in a cohort study. Of these, some were candidates for the assisted reproductive methods. The following serum levels were measured in all patients on day 5 of the menstrual cycle: AMH, glucose, HOMA/IP, BMI, testosterone and cholesterol, lipoproteins and triglycerides.Results In the PCOS group, a 2-fold increase in the serum AMH level was observed as compared to the controls. With AMH, the following increments were seen: testosterone (by 184%); fasting blood glucose (by 18%); fasting insulin (83.86%); HOMA/IR (by 64.23%); mean cholesterol (by 30%); mean triglycerides (by 17%); and BMI (by 26.75%). The high-density lipoprotein concentration decreased by 29.3%.Conclusion Thus, monitoring the level of AMH allows predicting for OHSS during the ovulation induction and during the use of assistive reproductive technologies. Such a practice also allows deciding on the treatment strategy for obesity, hirsutism, type II diabetes, infertility and cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise Combined with Finasteride on Hormone and Ovarian Function in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuyan Wu ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Ke Wei ◽  
Feng Lin ◽  
Zhongli Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Sedentary Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Exercise can reduce androgen and insulin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Finasteride is also presumed to improve the developing follicle environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to observe the effects of the combination of exercise and finasteride therapy on hormone levels and ovarian morphology in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome. Forty female rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8 each group): the PCOS sedentary group (P-Sed), PCOS exercise group (P-Ex), PCOS finasteride and sedentary group (P-FSed), and PCOS finasteride and exercise group (P-FEx), and healthy, age-matched rats were used as controls (CO). The results indicated that the levels of FINS in the P-FEx group were significantly lower than those in the P-Sed and P-FSed groups, while the ratio of fasting blood glucose (FBG)/fasting serum levels of insulin (FINS) in the P-FEx group was significantly higher than that in the P-Sed and P-FSed groups. Compared to the P-FEx group, serum levels of TT (total testosterone) in the P-Sed and P-FSed groups were significantly increased. The thickness of the follicular membrane and the number of atresia follicles in the P-FEx and CO groups were significantly lower than those in the P-Sed group, but there was no significant difference between the P-Ex and P-Sed groups. These results show that the combined usage of exercise and finasteride does not alter the effects of exercise on increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing androgen levels. There is also a synergistic effect of exercise and finasteride on the morphology of the ovary, including a reduced number of atresia follicles and thickness of the follicular membrane.

scholarly journals Physical Performance Regarding Handgrip Strength in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 811-819
Author(s):  
Gislaine Satyko Kogure ◽  
Victor Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Flávia Ganoa de Oliveira Gennaro ◽  
Rui Alberto Ferriani ◽  
Cristiana Libardi Miranda-Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Pcos Group

Abstract Objective The present study aimed to investigate the physical performance of handgrip strength (HGS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A case-control study that included 70 women with PCOS and 93 age-matched healthy women aged between 18 and 47 years with body mass index (BMI) between 18 Kg/m2–39.9 Kg/m2. The serum levels of total testosterone, androstenedione, insulin, estradiol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were measured. The free androgen index (FAI) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The body composition regions of interest (ROIs) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and the handgrip strength (HGS) was evaluated for both the dominant and the non-dominant hands with a manual Sammons Preston (Bolingbrook, IL, US) bulb dynamometer. Results Women with PCOS had high serum levels of total testosterone (p < 0.01), androstenedione (p = 0.03), and insulin (p < 0.01), as well as high FAI (p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.01) scores. Compared with the non-PCOS group, the PCOS group had greater total lean mass in the dominant hand (p < 0.03) and greater HGS in both the dominant and the non-dominant hands (p < 0.01). The HGS was correlated with lean mass (p < 0.01). Conclusion Women with PCOS have greater HGS. This may be associated with age and BMI, and it may be related to lean mass. In addition, the dominance effect on muscle mass may influence the physical performance regarding HGS in women with PCOS.

Abnormal expression of uncoupling protein-2 correlates with CYP11A1 expression in polycystic ovary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Liu ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Ling-Yun He ◽  
Wu-Jian Huang ◽  
Xiao-Yu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Protein Levels

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may result from hypersensitivity to insulin, which is negatively regulated by uncoupling protein (UCP)-2. Because cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) is closely linked to PCOS, the expression of UCP-2 and CYP11A1 in ovarian tissues from PCOS patients was examined in the present study. Twelve PCOS patients with hyperandrogenaemia who underwent laparoscopic ovarian wedge resection and 12 age-matched control patients who underwent contralateral ovarian biopsy were enrolled in the study. UCP-2 expression in early stage (primordial, primary and secondary) and late stage (sinus and mature) follicles was examined using immunohistochemistry, whereas UCP-2 and CYP11A1 mRNA and protein levels in ovarian tissue were determined using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. UCP-2 expression increased significantly with follicular development in both control and PCOS tissue, with expression in early stage follicles from PCOS patients significantly greater than that in controls. In addition, both UCP-2 and CYP11A1mRNA and protein levels, mean fasting blood glucose concentrations and fasting serum insulin levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients compared with the control group. Finally, a significant correlation between UCP-2 and CYP11A1 expression was found in PCOS but not control patients. In conclusion, in PCOS patients, there was a correlation between UCP-2 and CYP11A1 expression, which was significantly higher than in the control group. These changes in UCP-2 and CYP11A1 expression may mediate follicle development in PCOS.

scholarly journals Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction alleviated hyperandrogenism in a letrozole-induced rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by inhibition of NF-κB activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-yun Shao ◽  
Zhuang-peng Chang ◽  
Yao Cheng ◽  
Xin-chun Wang ◽  
Jing-ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Protein Levels

Abstract Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction (SGD) has been widely used for the treatment of gynopathy. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of SGD on hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats. In the present work, SGD was orally administrated to the PCOS rats at the dose of 12.5, 25, and 50 g/kg/d for 14 consecutive days. UPLC–MS/MS was performed to identify the main chemical components of SGD. Body weight, ovarian weight, cystic dilating follicles, and serum levels of steroid hormones were tested to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SGD. In order to further clarify the underlying mechanism, we also measured mRNA and the protein levels of NF-κB, NF-κB p65, P-NF-κB p65, and IκB by RT-qPCR and Western blotting techniques. Our results showed that SGD treatment significantly alleviated hyperandrogenism in PCOS rats as evidenced by reduced serum levels of T and increased E2 and FSH levels. In addition, SGD effectively reduced the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and increased the expression of IκB. Results of the present study demonstrated that SGD could ameliorate hyperandrogenism in PCOS rats, and the potential mechanism may relate to the NF-κB pathway.

scholarly journals Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Nathália Sigilló Cardoso ◽  
Victor Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Sabrina Graziani Veloso Dutra ◽  
Rui Alberto Ferriani ◽  
Ada Clarice Gastaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Serum Melatonin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Folia Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora D. Terzieva ◽  
Maria M. Orbetzova ◽  
Mitko D. Mitkov ◽  
Nonka G. Mateva
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Melatonin Level ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Women

ABSTRACT There has been a surge of interest in recent years in studying the changes of serum melatonin concentrations in disorders that are associated with insulin resistance such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). AIM: The present study was designed to investigate the day-time and night-time levels of serum melatonin and the cortisol rhythm in women with PCOS and compare them with those of healthy women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a case-control study which included 30 women with PCOS and 25 healthy women. All hormonal measurements in both the study group and controls were carried out between days 3 and 5 counted from the beginning of the last regular menstrual cycle; they included serum levels of melatonin and cortisol at 03:00 a.m and 08:00 a.m, total testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and immunoreactive insulin at 08:00 a.m. RESULTS: Women with PCOS were found to have a significantly higher melatonin level at 08:00 a.m. and smaller mean night-day difference in the concentrations of melatonin in comparison with those of healthy women (natural log (Ln) night-day difference 0.60 ± 0.10 pg/ml versus 1.15 ± 0.14, p < 0.002). Melatonin to cortisol ratios at 03:00 a.m. and 08:00 a.m. showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (Ln melatonin/ cortisol 03:00 a.m., 1.01 ± 0.06 versus 1.05 ± 0.05; Ln melatonin/cortisol at 08:00 a.m., 0.62 ± 0.01 versus 0.56 ± 0.03, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results we obtained about the changes of melatonin in women with PCOS could help in elucidating the complex pathophysiological pattern of this disease.

scholarly journals Anti-Müllerian hormone and polycystic ovary syndrome: a mountain too high?

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pellatt ◽  
Suman Rice ◽  
Helen D Mason
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Primordial Follicle ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Inhibitory Role ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
Human Ovaries ◽  
Follicle Selection

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was initially thought to be produced solely by the foetal male during sexual differentiation to promote regression of the Müllerian ducts. Over the last decade, however, a new and interesting role has emerged for AMH in the ovary. In human ovaries, AMH is produced by granulosa cells from 36 weeks of gestation until menopause, with the highest expression being in small antral follicles. AMH production gradually declines as follicles grow; once follicles reach a size at which they are dominant, it has largely disappeared. Its removal from these larger follicles appears to be an important requirement for dominant follicle selection and progression to ovulation as AMH has an inhibitory role in the ovary, reducing both primordial follicle initiation and follicle sensitivity to FSH by inhibition of aromatase. It is for this reason that AMH is a focus of interest in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Serum levels are doubled, and granulosa cell production is greatly increased. Interestingly, there appear to be two groups of women with PCOS who can be distinguished by their AMH level: one group consists of those who have high levels which do not reduce with treatment and who respond less well to induction of ovulation, and a second group consists of those in whom the level is less elevated and reduces on treatment and who seem to respond rather better. Understanding the reason for the raised AMH in PCOS may give clues as to the mechanism of anovulation. To conclude, AMH appears to have a major inhibitory role during folliculogenesis, which may contribute to anovulation in PCOS.

Follicular Dynamics and Estrous Cycle Features of the Ossabaw Pig Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 818-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie E. Newell-Fugate ◽  
Jessica N. Taibl ◽  
Mouhamad Alloosh ◽  
Michael Sturek ◽  
Romana A. Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Follicular Dynamics
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