scholarly journals Worldwide Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of RAS Mutations in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofra Novoplansky ◽  
Sankar Jagadeeshan ◽  
Ohad Regev ◽  
Idan Menashe ◽  
Moshe Elkabets
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Kras Mutations ◽  
Ras Mutations ◽  
Hpv Status

Importance: There is considerable variation among different studies for the prevalence of RAS mutations in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. In light of the development of RAS inhibitors, a reliable assessment of the prevalence of RAS mutations and their correlation with the clinical features of patients with HNC is crucially needed. Objective: To assess the worldwide prevalence of HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS mutations in HNC in the relation to geographical region, anatomical site(s) of the tumor(s) and clinical features. Data Sources: A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases was performed to identify studies published since January 2000. Data were analyzed between June and September 2021. Study Selection: Studies that included mutational analyses of at least one of the target genes and reported the prevalence and frequency of mutations as an outcome measure were included. Studies including less than ten patients or were conducted before year 2000 were excluded. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two researchers independently reviewed the literature according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Random-effects models were applied to results with high heterogeneity. Otherwise, fixed-effects models were used for the analyses. Dichotomous variables were pooled as odds ratios (OR). Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): The primary outcome was mutation prevalence. Secondary outcomes included the location of the mutated codon and amino acid substitution. Results: The estimated mutation rate is highest for HRAS (7%), followed by KRAS (2.89%) and NRAS (2.20%). HRAS prevalence in South Asia (15.28%) is twice as high as the global estimate. HRAS mutations are more prevalent in oral cavity and salivary gland tumors. In contrast, KRAS mutations are found more frequently in sinonasal tumors, and NRAS mutations are found chiefly in tumors of the nasopharynx. OR analyses show a significant association between HRAS mutations and a high tumor stage (OR=3.63). In addition, there is a significant association between HPV-positive status and KRAS mutations (OR=2.09). Conclusions and Relevance: RAS mutations occur in a subset of HNC patients and their prevalence varies according to geography, tumors anatomical site, stage, and HPV status. This meta-analysis provides support for their potential as viable therapeutic targets in HNC patients.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle-Based Chemotherapy Formulations for Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Perspectives

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1938
Author(s):  
Jefferson Muniz de Lima ◽  
Paulo Rogerio Bonan ◽  
Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez ◽  
Michael Hier ◽  
Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease associated with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Standard therapeutic management of advanced HNC, which is based on radiotherapy often combined with chemotherapy, has been hampered by severe long-term side effects. To overcome these side effects, tumor-selective nanoparticles have been exploited as a potential drug delivery system to improve HNC therapy. A combination of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception up to June 2020 was used for this systematic review. A total of 1747 published manuscripts were reviewed and nine relevant references were retrieved for analysis, while eight of them were eligible for meta-analysis. Based on these studies, the level of evidence about the efficacy of nanoformulation for HNC therapy on tumor response and adverse side effects (SAE) was low. Even though basic research studies have revealed a greater promise of nanomaterial to improve the outcome of cancer therapy, none of them were translated into clinical benefits for HNC patients. This systematic review summarized and discussed the recent progress in the development of targeted nanoparticle approaches for HNC management, and open-up new avenues for future perspectives.

scholarly journals Accelerated Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy versus Conventional Fractionation Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Changgui Kou ◽  
Wei Bai ◽  
Weiying Yu ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Conventional Fractionation ◽  
Treatment Regimens

Objective. The benefits of accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HART) and conventional fractionation radiotherapy (CFRT) in the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) remain controversial. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic effects of these two treatment regimens to explore whether HART can improve the overall survival (OS) rate and locoregional control (LRC) rate in patients with HNC. Methods. The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched for eligible studies. The OS rate and LRC rate were considered as the efficacy outcomes. I2 was used to test the heterogeneity among studies with a cutoff value of 50%. Potential publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger’s test. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the stability of the results. In this meta-analysis, all analyses were performed using R 3.5.3 software. Results. Twelve qualified articles including a total of 2,935 patients were identified. HART had a significant beneficial effect on OS rate (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.98). Compared with CFRT, HART demonstrated a significantly higher LRC rate (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.96). Conclusion. Our meta-analysis showed that HART can significantly improve OS and LRC compared with CFRT in patients with HNC.

scholarly journals Salivary DNA Methylation as an Epigenetic Biomarker for Head and Neck Cancer. Part I: A Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Óscar Rapado-González ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Reglero ◽  
Ángel Salgado-Barreira ◽  
Laura Muinelo-Romay ◽  
Juan Muinelo-Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanism ◽  
Cochrane Library

DNA hypermethylation is an important epigenetic mechanism for gene expression inactivation in head and neck cancer (HNC). Saliva has emerged as a novel liquid biopsy representing a potential source of biomarkers. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the overall diagnostic accuracy of salivary DNA methylation for detecting HNC. PubMed EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Study quality was assessed by the Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy-2, and sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (dOR), and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a bivariate random-effect meta-analysis model. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity. Eighty-four study units from 18 articles with 8368 subjects were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of salivary DNA methylation were 0.39 and 0.87, respectively, while PLR and NLR were 3.68 and 0.63, respectively. The overall area under the curve (AUC) was 0.81 and the dOR was 8.34. The combination of methylated genes showed higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC, 0.92 and dOR, 36.97) than individual gene analysis (AUC, 0.77 and dOR, 6.02). These findings provide evidence regarding the potential clinical application of salivary DNA methylation for HNC diagnosis.

scholarly journals Incidence of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Raquel Pacheco ◽  
Maria Alzira Cavacas ◽  
Paulo Mascarenhas ◽  
Pedro Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Zagalo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rates

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the literature about the incidence of oral mucositis and its degrees (mild, moderate, and severe), in patients undergoing head and neck cancer treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery). Addressing this issue is important since oral mucositis has a negative impact on oral health and significantly deteriorates the quality of life. Therefore, a multidisciplinary team, including dentists, should be involved in the treatment. The overall oral mucositis incidence was 89.4%. The global incidence for mild, moderate, and severe degrees were 16.8%, 34.5%, and 26.4%, respectively. The high incidence rates reported in this review point out the need for greater care in terms of the oral health of these patients.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhadi Almangush ◽  
Rasheed Omobolaji Alabi ◽  
Giuseppe Troiano ◽  
Ricardo D. Coletta ◽  
Tuula Salo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Tumor Stroma ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background The clinical significance of tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) has been examined in many tumors. Here we systematically reviewed all studies that evaluated TSR in head and neck cancer. Methods Four databases (Scopus, Medline, PubMed and Web of Science) were searched using the term tumo(u)r-stroma ratio. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed. Results TSR was studied in nine studies of different subsites (including cohorts of nasopharyngeal, oral, laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas). In all studies, TSR was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Classifying tumors based on TSR seems to allow for identification of high-risk cases. In oral cancer, specifically, our meta-analysis showed that TSR is significantly associated with both cancer-related mortality (HR 2.10, 95%CI 1.56–2.84) and disease-free survival (HR 1.84, 95%CI 1.38–2.46). Conclusions The assessment of TSR has a promising prognostic value and can be implemented with minimum efforts in routine head and neck pathology.

scholarly journals Early detection of esophageal second primary tumors using Lugol chromoendoscopy in patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Head & Neck ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1122-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oisín Bugter ◽  
Steffi E. M. van de Ven ◽  
Jose A. Hardillo ◽  
Marco J. Bruno ◽  
Arjun D. Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Second Primary Tumors
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