scholarly journals Evidence of learning walks related to scorpion home burrow navigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D Gaffin ◽  
Maria G Muñoz ◽  
Mariëlle H Hoefnagels
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Desert Grassland ◽  
Animal Movements ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
Directed Information ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Learning Walks ◽  
Behavioral Trials

The Navigation by Chemotextural Familiarity Hypothesis (NCFH) suggests that scorpions use their midventral pectines to gather chemical and textural information near their burrows and use this information as they subsequently return home. For NCFH to be viable, animals must somehow acquire home-directed ″tastes″ of the substrate, such as through path integration (PI) and/or learning walks. We conducted laboratory behavioral trials using desert grassland scorpions (Paruroctonus utahensis). Animals reliably formed burrows in small mounds of sand we provided in the middle of circular, sand lined behavioral arenas. We processed overnight infrared video recordings with a MATLAB script that tracked animal movements at 1-2 s intervals. In all, we analyzed the movements of 23 animals, representing nearly 1500 hours of video recording. We found that once animals established their home burrows, they immediately made one to several short, looping excursions away from and back to their burrows before walking greater distances. We also observed similar excursions when animals made burrows in level sand in the middle of the arena (i.e., no mound provided). These putative learning walks, together with recently reported PI in scorpions, may provide the crucial home-directed information requisite for NCFH.

Effects of Time and Perceptual Orientation on Actors' and Observers' Attributions

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Donald S. Martin ◽  
Ming-Shiunn Huang
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perceptual Orientation ◽  
Initial Difference ◽  
Variety Show ◽  
And Control ◽  
Unrelated Variety

The actor/observer effect was examined by Storms in a 1973 study which manipulated perceptual orientation using video recordings. Storms' study was complex and some of his results equivocal. The present study attempted to recreate the perceptual reorientation effect using a simplified experimental design and an initial difference between actors and observers which was the reverse of the original effect. Female undergraduates performed a motor co-ordination task as actors while watched by observers. Each person made attributions for the actor's behaviour before and after watching a video recording of the performance. For a control group the video recording was of an unrelated variety show excerpt. Actors' initial attributions were less situational than observers'. Both actors and observers became more situational after the video replay but this effect occurred in both experimental and control groups. It was suggested the passage of time between first and second recording of attributions could account for the findings and care should be taken when interpreting Storms' (1973) study and others which did not adequately control for temporal effects.

QUALITATIVE CHANGES IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS HOOP THROWS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Raluca Tanasa
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Groups ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
Execution Technique ◽  
Qualitative Changes

Throws and catches in rhythmic gymnastics represent one of the fundamental groups of apparatus actuation. They represent for the hoop actions of great showmanship, but also elements of risk. The purpose of this paper is to improve the throw execution technique through biomechanical analysis in order to increase the performance of female gymnasts in competitions. The subjects of this study were 8 gymnasts aged 9-10 years old, practiced performance Rhythmic Gymnastics. The experiment consisted in video recording and the biomechanical analysis of the element “Hoop throw, step jump and catch”. After processing the video recordings using the Simi Motion software, we have calculated and obtained values concerning: launch height, horizontal distance and throwing angle between the arm and the horizontal. Pursuant to the data obtained, we have designed a series of means to improve the execution technique for the elements comprised within the research and we have implemented them in the training process. Regarding the interpretation of the results, it may be highlighted as follows: height and horizontal distance in this element have values of the correlation coefficient of 0.438 and 0.323, thus a mean significance of 0.005. The values of the arm/horizontal angle have improved for all the gymnasts, the correlation coefficient being 0.931, with a significance of 0.01. As a general conclusion, after the results obtained, it may be stated that the means introduced in the experiment have proven their efficacy, which has led to the optimisation of the execution technique, thus confirming the research hypothesis.

Spatial-temporal variables for swimming coaches: A comparison study between video and TritonWear sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110137
Author(s):  
Robin Pla ◽  
Thibaut Ledanois ◽  
Escobar David Simbana ◽  
Anaël Aubry ◽  
Benjamin Tranchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Training Sets

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and the reliability of a swimming sensor to assess swimming performance and spatial-temporal variables. Six international male open-water swimmers completed a protocol which consisted of two training sets: a 6×100m individual medley and a continuous 800 m set in freestyle. Swimmers were equipped with a wearable sensor, the TritonWear to collect automatically spatial-temporal variables: speed, lap time, stroke count (SC), stroke length (SL), stroke rate (SR), and stroke index (SI). Video recordings were added as a “gold-standard” and used to assess the validity and the reliability of the TritonWear sensor. The results show that the sensor provides accurate results in comparison with video recording measurements. A very high accuracy was observed for lap time with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) under 5% for each stroke (2.2, 3.2, 3.4, 4.1% for butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle respectively) but high error ranges indicate a dependence on swimming technique. Stroke count accuracy was higher for symmetric strokes than for alternate strokes (MAPE: 0, 2.4, 7.1 & 4.9% for butterfly, breaststroke, backstroke & freestyle respectively). The other variables (SL, SR & SI) derived from the SC and the lap time also show good accuracy in all strokes. The wearable sensor provides an accurate real time feedback of spatial-temporal variables in six international open-water swimmers during classical training sets (at low to moderate intensities), which could be a useful tool for coaches, allowing them to monitor training load with no effort.

scholarly journals FaceSync: Open source framework for recording facial expressions with head-mounted cameras

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hyun Cheong ◽  
Sawyer Brooks ◽  
Luke J. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Open Source Framework ◽  
The Cost

Advances in computer vision and machine learning algorithms have enabled researchers to extract facial expression data from face video recordings with greater ease and speed than standard manual coding methods, which has led to a dramatic increase in the pace of facial expression research. However, there are many limitations in recording facial expressions in laboratory settings.  Conventional video recording setups using webcams, tripod-mounted cameras, or pan-tilt-zoom cameras require making compromises between cost, reliability, and flexibility. As an alternative, we propose the use of a mobile head-mounted camera that can be easily constructed from our open-source instructions and blueprints at a fraction of the cost of conventional setups. The head-mounted camera framework is supported by the open source Python toolbox FaceSync, which provides an automated method for synchronizing videos. We provide four proof-of-concept studies demonstrating the benefits of this recording system in reliably measuring and analyzing facial expressions in diverse experimental setups, including group interaction experiments.

scholarly journals Ethologische Untersuchungen zur Beschäftigung von Ebern in Besamungsstationen mit Stroh

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-574
Author(s):  
S. Rohrmann ◽  
S. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
The Mean ◽  
X 24

Abstract. Title of the paper: Ethological investigations on occupation with the bedding of boars in Artificial Insemination stations Continuous video recordings with infrared video technique and computer supported analysis with OBSERVER program took place with 78 Piétrain boars in three A.I. stations during 3 x 24 hours. The mean percentage of occupation with the bedding during 24 hours was 7.4 ± 4.4 % (= 106.6 minutes) with a minimum of 1.5 % and a maximum of 18.6 %. The factors A.I. station, season and pen size had a significant influence on occupation with straw as bedding material. The percentage of occupation with bedding in winter was 1.8 % higher than in summer. The percentage of occupation with bedding increased with increasing pen size (from 5.5 % to 11.9 %). The differences between the A.I. stations (between 6.4 % and 10.1 % on average) were caused by management, especially by the frequency of the timers feeding, bedding and watering. The more frequent the boars were caused to stand up by feeding, bedding and watering the higher was the percentage of occupation with the bedding.

scholarly journals Video Recording Made Easy: Applications for Gateway Library's One Button Studion

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Byrd ◽  
Todd Stafford ◽  
Royce Gildersleeve ◽  
Christal Ferrance ◽  
Kara Kiblinger
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Course Objectives ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge

Learn how easy video recording can be with the new OneButton Studio, located in Gateway Library. Presenters will share how this studio drastically reduces the amount of knowledge necessary to make professional video recordings and discuss applications in courses, including flipping the classroom, adding media literacy components to course objectives, and incorporating video recordings into assignments.

Deterrence of Piracy Employing IR Transmitter and Steganography System

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
A.M. Prasanna Kumar ◽  
Bharathi Gururaj
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Light Rays ◽  
Film Piracy ◽  
Mobile Phone Camera

Moving picture entertainment is a foremost source of amusement for populace in today’s existence. To entertain populace a lot of investment is put into film production by the film makers. Their endeavour is being ruined by few people by pirate the movies substance. They do it by capture the video recording in mobile phone camera and upload it to websites or put up for sale it to people which cause huge loss. In this research work we are proposea novel technique for reduction of film piracy by avoiding fake video recordings of video in theatres. An indistinguishable luminosity is projected from the display to the whole spectators that falls on the camera lens which is sensitive to infrared light rays Makes the recorded video unfit to watch. A method is developed for anti-piracy system for film industry using steganography technique in MATLAB.

Abstract 115: Video Review and Time-Motion Analysis of the Causes of No-Flow Intervals as Recorded by Accelerometer During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chia Lee ◽  
Huang-Fu Yeh ◽  
Yen-Pin Chen ◽  
Chun-Yi Chang ◽  
Wei-Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Electric Activity ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Video Review ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Comprehensive Information

Objectives: Accelerometer (Q-CPR) has been developed and promoted to monitor the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Although the device registers the occurrence of no-flow intervals, it does not provide comprehensive information on the causes leading to these no-flow intervals. This study is aimed to analyze causes leading to CPR interruptions registered by Q-CPR by reviewing corresponding video recordings of the resuscitation sessions. Methods: Accelerometer recordings (Q-CPR, Philips) of 20 CPR episodes from December 2010 to April 2014 in a tertiary university ED were obtained. Frequency, timing, duration, and types of no-flow intervals, defined as no-flow duration >= 1.5 seconds, were reviewed. Video recordings of the corresponding CPR sessions were reviewed. Causes leading no flow intervals registered by Q-CPR were categorized and analyzed. Results: The duration of CPR reviewed for the cases averaged 8.59 minutes (range 2.23 - 19.04 minutes). No-flow intervals (pauses >= 1.5 seconds) occurred 122 times (averaged one interruption every 1.27 minutes of CPR) with an average no-flow intervals of 6.45 seconds (range 1.54 - 51.50 seconds). Through detail review of the video-recordings corresponding to the no-flow intervals registered by Q-CPR, the leading causes of no-flow intervals are associated with pulse checks for pulseless electric activity- PEA (19.5%), pre-shock pauses (13.9%), ultrasound exam (11.6%) and intubation (9.6%), as displayed in the following chart. Conclusion: Video recording and time-motion analysis provide detailed information on the causes leading to no-flow intervals registered by QCPR, and could complement information acquired by Q-CPR. Measures should be taken to address leading causes of CPR interruption, especially pulse checks for PEA and pre-shock pauses, to promote quality of CPR.

scholarly journals P096: Hospitalselfie: a review of implications and recommendations on patients making video recordings in hospital

CJEM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S110-S110
Author(s):  
B. Nolan ◽  
A. Ackery ◽  
B. Au
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Video Record ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Quality Video ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Video And Audio

Introduction: Smartphones are everywhere. Recent technological advances allow for instantaneous high quality video and audio recordings with the touch of a button. In Canada, physician smartphone use is highly regulated by provincial legislature and multiple policies have been published from provincial physician colleges and the Canadian Medical Protective Association (CMPA). Patients on the other hand have no such laws to observe. We set out to look at what legislation and policies exist to provide guidance to physicians in two potential scenarios: when a patient requests to record a patient-physician interaction and if a patient surreptitiously records a patient-physician interaction without consent of the physician. Methods: A literature review searching for articles on patient video recordings and patient smartphone use was completed on both Medline and PubMed. Further review of each provincial privacy act and communication with each provincial privacy office was performed. Consultation with each provincial physician college and the CMPA was also done to identify any policies or recommendations to guide physicians. Results: Patients making video recordings do not fall under any provincial privacy law and there are no existing policies from any provincial physician college or the CMPA to provide guidance. Therefore, physicians must rely on their own institution’s policy regarding patient video recording in the health care setting. Be familiar with your institution’s policy. If your institution does not have a policy, create one with the input of appropriate stakeholders. Patients may surreptitiously video record medical interactions without physician consent. Although this may not be permitted under an individual institution’s policy, it is not illegal under the Criminal Code. Thus, it is important to behave in a professional manner at all times and assume you may be recorded at any time. Conclusion: The majority of patients’ recordings will be done without litigious intentions, but rather with the goal of understanding more about their own health and medical care. Unfortunately there are those who will undermine the physician-patient relationship. Physicians cannot allow this to cause distrust in future relationships, nor should it force physicians to practice more defensive medicine. Physicians must continue to practice the art of medicine and accept that “performance” is a part of the job.

The temporal organisation of the feeding behaviour of four species of wallaby: examining chronobiological and homeostatic influences

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Lentle ◽  
I. D. Hume ◽  
K. J. Stafford ◽  
M. Kennedy ◽  
B. P. Springett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
Circadian Distribution ◽  
Time Spent Feeding ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Mean Time

We studied the temporal distribution of feeding events of tammar wallabies, parma wallabies, brush-tailed rock-wallabies and swamp wallabies by infrared video-recording of captive animals maintained in a 12 : 12 light : dark cycle with constant temperature, and by radio-microphone surveillance of free-ranging animals on Kawau Island, New Zealand. Analyses of mean time spent feeding per 20-min period for tammar and parma wallabies showed significant circadian variation in both captive and free-ranging animals but not in captive or free-ranging brush-tailed rock wallabies or swamp wallabies. While there was no significant difference in the extent of circadian variation of feeding rate between tammar and parma wallabies there were significant differences according to the type of food being fed. Thus, circadian variation in feeding rate was greater in both species when standing sward was fed. None of the survivorship curves of the interfeed intervals of either captive or free-ranging animals showed a discontinuity suggestive of organisation of feed events into meals. There were bicrepuscular peaks of feed-event density in both captive and free-ranging tammar and parma wallabies. There was a similar bicrepuscular distribution of feed-event density in free-ranging brush-tailed rock-wallabies but a more uniform temporal distribution of this parameter in captive specimens. There was a more uniform circadian distribution of feed-event density in a single captive and a single free-ranging swamp wallaby. Thus the circadian incidence of the feeding events of tammar and parma wallabies were more resistant to changes in the incidence of stochastic environmental variables such as predation whereas those of bush-tailed rock-wallabies and swamp wallabies were more susceptible to changes in these stimuli.

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