scholarly journals The blowfly Chrysomya latifrons inhabits fragmented rainforests, but lacks genetic diversity and population structure

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J Butterworth ◽  
James F Wallman ◽  
Nikolas P Johnston ◽  
Blake M Dawson ◽  
Angela McGaughran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Trophic Networks ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Patterns And Processes

Climate change and deforestation are causing rainforests to become increasingly fragmented, placing them at heightened risk of biodiversity loss. Invertebrates constitute the greatest proportion of this biodiversity, yet we lack basic knowledge of their population structure and ecology. It is not currently feasible to assess the population structure of every invertebrate species, so there is a compelling need to identify indicator species that are broadly indicative of habitat-level patterns and processes. Blowflies are an ideal candidate, because they are widespread, abundant, and can be easily collected within rainforests. Here, we present the first study of the blowfly Chrysomya latifrons , which is endemic to the rainforests of New South Wales, Australia. We genotyped 188 flies from 15 isolated rainforests and found low overall genetic diversity and a complete lack of genetic structure between populations, suggesting the presence of a single large panmictic population along 1,000 km of the Australian east coast. This highlights that: (1) Ch. latifrons inhabits every rainforest in NSW and undoubtedly plays an important role in these ecosystems, but low genetic diversity may cause it to struggle to adapt to a changing climate; (2) strongly dispersing insects have the capacity to migrate between isolated rainforests, likely carrying pollen, parasites, phoronts, and pathogens with them to form crucial trophic networks; and (3) there is an urgent need for similar studies on poorly dispersing rainforest insects, as these may be the most fragmented and at highest risk of local extinction.

Does the ‘Two Dogs’ Method of Clandestine Synthesis Use Precursors that are not Legally Regulated on the Australian East Coast?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Victor Chiruta ◽  
Robert Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The State ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

In the State of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, the prosecution in criminal proceedings is seeking deterrence punishment for offenders manufacturing 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) from the precursor helional via the ‘Two Dogs’ method (TDM). The reason given by the prosecution is a presumption that the TDM does not use any unrestricted chemicals in the synthesis of MDA. A comprehensive literature search was conducted. The relevant law was searched to fact-check the assertion of the prosecution. It was found that the prosecution was incorrect. Intermediate precursors of the TDM are restricted in NSW. However, the starting precursor helional remains unscheduled in NSW, yet helional is scheduled in some other Australian States. The prosecution’s position may play a significant factor in the sentencing proceedings of offenders. Therefore, as a matter of urgency, the prosecution must review and update its position and its submissions, keeping with the factual position in relation to the legal provisions of precursors used in the TDM.

scholarly journals A Systematic Revision of the Rhytidoponera Impressa Group (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) in Australia and New Guinea.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Ward
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
South Wales

The Rhytidoponera impressa group is revised on the basis of worker ant morphology, supplemented by information from ecological and genetic studies. Five species are recognized, all of which occur in mesic habitats along the east coast of Australia: chalybaea Emery (New South Wales, southern Queensland), confusa, sp. nov. (Victoria, New South Wales, southern Queensland) enigmatica sp. nov. (Sydney region, N.S.W.),impressa Mayr (Queensland) and purpurea Emery (north Queensland, New Guinea). R. purpurea is the most distinct morphologically. Of the remaining species, chalybaea and confusa are exceedingly similar and in some localities can be unequivocably distinguished only on the basis of electrophoretic (allozyme) differences. Biogeographical relationships of the impressa group are discussed in relation to past climatic and vegetational changes.

Criminal mobility of outlaw motorcycle gangs in Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dowling ◽  
Anthony Morgan
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs ◽  
South Wales

The criminal mobility of outlaw motorcycle gang (OMCG) members presents a significant challenge to Australian governments and police. Examining patterns of mobility can help to better understand the opportunity structures that underpin offending by OMCGs and to drive national collaborative responses to these gangs. This study examines the prevalence and patterns of criminal mobility in a sample of almost 4,000 OMCG members in more than 400 chapters. Around one in 10 members showed evidence of criminal mobility over the long term, while more than one-third of chapters comprised criminally mobile members. Criminally mobile gang members were heavily concentrated in a small number of chapters. Patterns of criminal mobility primarily involve movements into east coast jurisdictions. New South Wales and Queensland emerged as the most common destinations for criminally mobile OMCG members.

scholarly journals Warriewood

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Virginia Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
South Wales

Warriewood is on Sydney's northern beaches, between Mona Vale and North Narrabeen, in the Pittwater local government area.This was once a 'wet' part of the coast. Lagoons and swamps were typical of the northern beaches and east coast of New South Wales. Narrabeen Creek flows through the middle of Warriewood, and Mullet Creek marks its southern boundary. Early nineteenth-century maps mark most of the land between the south-east corner of Pittwater across to Mona Vale Beach and south, including Warriewood Valley, as swamp. The local Guringai Aboriginal people would have found these swamps rich in food supplies – fish, birds, plants and naturally fresh water.

Electrophoretic evidence for the presence of the undescribed ‘Bellinger’ catfish (Tandanus sp.) (Teleostei : Plotosidae) in four New South Wales mid-northern coastal rivers

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean R. Jerry ◽  
David J. Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Coastal Rivers ◽  
Allelic Differences ◽  
The Common

Genetic data were collected from eight allopatric populations of the common freshwater catfish, Tandanus tandanus. Catfish sampled from the New South Wales (NSW) mid-northern coastal rivers of the Bellinger, Macleay, Hastings and Manning exhibited fixed allelic differences from T. tandanus from the type locality (Namoi River) at four enzymatic loci (GPI-1*, EST*, UMB-1* and UMB-2*), suggesting that, collectively, catfish from these four river systems constitute an undescribed species of Tandanus. Catfish from the northern coastal rivers of NSW (Tweed, Richmond and Clarence) displayed a complex pattern of population structure that was not fully resolved by the present study. More work is needed on the complex assemblage of populations of eel-tailed catfish in the eastern coastal drainages of Australia.

Distribution of Tailor (Pomatomus saltatrix) Larvae along the Coast of New South Wales, Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Miskiewicz ◽  
BD Bruce ◽  
P Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Pomatomus Saltatrix ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
South Wales

The distribution of tailor (Pomatomus saltatrix) larvae is described on the basis of the results of four plankton surveys undertaken in northern and central New South Wales (NSW) coastal waters. These comprised a single survey during May 1989 along the northern NSW coast and multiple surveys in January, March and May 1983 between Sydney and Brisbane. Pomatomus saltatrix larvae occurred throughout the survey period, with the highest abundances on the northern NSW coast. Most larvae were caught in mid and outer continental shelf waters at water temperatures of ≥22�C. The only known spawning locality for P. saltatrix is in the vicinity of Fraser Island in southern Queensland from August to October. The occurrence of larvae along the NSW coast from January to May indicates that the spawning season of P. saltatrix is more extensive than previously reported and that spawning occurs along the east coast of Australia in localities other than Fraser Island. Further surveys of larvae in southern Queensland and northern NSW waters, especially from August to December, are required to determine if P. saltatrix has one extended or two discrete spawning seasons along the eastern coast of Australia.

Observations on interactions between indigenous Galaxiidae and introduced Salmonidae in the Lake Eucumbene catchment, New South Wales

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
RDJ Tilzey
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The One ◽  
Natural Barrier

The fish fauna of all major streams within the Lake Eucumbene catchment in south-eastern New South Wales was sampled by electrofishing or poisoning with rotenone. Galaxias coxii was found in only four, and G. olidus in only one other of the 27 streams sampled whereas the introduced salmonids (Salmo trutta or S. gairdneri, or both) occurred in all but the stream containing G. olidus. Values for galaxiid biomass were low in comparison with those for trout where both occurred together. Sampling in 1971 and 1974 in the one stream observed in 1971 to contain only G. olidus spanned an invasion by S. gairdneri and by 1974 the galaxiid species had completely disappeared below a natural barrier to trout, but above this barrier the biomass and population structure of G. olidus had not changed greatly compared to the 1971 values. This indicated that the presence of S. gairdneri was the sole environmental factor causing galaxiid disappearance below the barrier. Historical data for the catchment area suggested that the introduction and subsequent success of trout are primarily responsible for the present, much fragmented galaxiid distribution.

The genetic diversity and distinctiveness of the Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby Petrogale xanthopus (Gray, 1854) in New South Wales

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Pope ◽  
Andy Sharp ◽  
Craig Moritz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Habitat Disturbance ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Feral Animals ◽  
Species Being

Yellow-footed Rock-wallabies (YFRW) Petrogale xanthopus have declined in numbers since European settlement from past hunting for skins, habitat disturbance and predation and competition with feral animals (Gordon et al. 1978, 1993; Copley 1983; Henzell 1990). This has led to the species being classed as potentially vulnerable to extinction in Australia (Kennedy 1992), and endangered in New South Wales (Schedule 1, Threatened Species Conservation Act, 1995).

Taxonomic revision of the Australian predaceous water beetle genus Carabhydrus Watts, 1978 (Col. Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2048 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS HENDRICH ◽  
CHRIS H. S. WATTS
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Running Waters ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Water Beetle ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Forest Streams

The present paper treats with the enigmatic Australian predaceous water beetle genus Carabhydrus Watts, 1978 (Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporini) which—except C. stephanieae Watts, Hancock & Leys, 2007—is distributed in forest streams and rivers along the Great Dividing Range of the East Coast and the mountain ranges of SE Australia and Tasmania. The largest species of the genus, Carabhydrus innae sp.n. from southern Victoria and New South Wales, and the smallest, C. storeyi sp.n. from north-eastern Queensland, C. janmillerae sp.n. from south-eastern and C. turaki sp.n. from north-eastern New South Wales are described as new. All species, except C. mubboonus Larson & Storey, 1994, C. niger Watts, 1978 and C. andreas Zwick, 1981, are very rarely collected and mainly known from a few specimens from their type localities. The adults of most species can be found under pebbles and stones and among roots at the edge of running waters, only C. stephanieae has been described from ground water. A key to the ten described species of Carabhydrus is presented, and their distribution and habitats are briefly illustrated.

Studies in Australian Tettigoniidae: Ozphyllum, a new genus of Phaneropterine katydids with comments on its relationships and ecology (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Phaneropterinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1629 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
D. C.F. RENTZ ◽  
YOU NING SU ◽  
NORHIRO UESHIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales

A new genus of phaneropterine Tettigoniidae, Ozphyllum Rentz, Su, & Ueshima gen. nov., is described with two species known from rainforest and wallum habitats along the east coast of northern New South Wales and Queensland. The new genus appears to be most closely related to Cosmophyllum Blanchard from Chile. Detailed descriptions of the new species and notes on their ecology, cytology and song are presented. A table helps to separate the two species.

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