scholarly journals Object Colours, Material Properties and Animal Signals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Wilkins ◽  
Daniel Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Absolute Measure ◽  
Colour Gamut

AbstractColour is commonly regarded as an absolute measure of object properties, but most work on visual communication signals is concerned with colour differences, typically scaled by just noticeable differences (JNDs). Object colour solids represent the colour gamut of reflective materials for an eye. The geometry of colour solids reveals general relationships between colours and object properties which can explain why certain colours are significant to animals and evolve as signals. We define a measure of colour vividness, such that points on the surface are maximally vivid and the ‘grey’ centre is minimally vivid. We show that a vivid colour for one animal is likely to vivid for others, and highly vivid colours are less easily mimicked than less vivid colours. Further, vivid colours such as black, white, red, blue and light, unsaturated shades are produced pure or orderly materials. This kind of material needs to created and maintained against entropic processes that would otherwise degrade or destroy them. Vivid coloration is therefore indicative of ecological affordance or biological function, so that it is valuable to have attentional biases towards these colours regardless of any specific significance.

scholarly journals Foregut organ progenitors and their niche display distinct viscoelastic properties in vivo during early morphogenesis stages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr Dzementsei ◽  
Younes F. A Barooji ◽  
Elke A Ober ◽  
Lene Broeng Oddershede
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Neighboring Cell ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive

Material properties of living matter play an important role for biological function and development. Yet, quantification of material properties of internal organs in vivo, without causing physiological damage, remains challenging. Here, we present a non-invasive approach based on modified optical tweezers for quantifying sub-cellular material properties deep inside living zebrafish. Material properties of cells within the gut region of living zebrafish are quantified as deep as 150 μ into the biological tissue. The measurements demonstrate differential mechanical properties of the developing foregut organs progenitors: Gut progenitors are more elastic than any of the neighboring cell populations at the time when the developing organs undergo substantial displacements during morphogenesis. The higher elasticity of gut progenitors correlates with an increased cellular concentration of microtubules. The results infer a role of material properties during morphogenesis and the approach paves the way for quantitative material investigations in vivo of embryos, explants, or organoids.

scholarly journals Visual communication of haptic material properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Maarten Wijntjes ◽  
Bei Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Visual Communication

scholarly journals User Experience (Ux) sebagai Bagian dari Pemikiran Desain dalam Pendidikan Tinggi Desain Komunikasi Visual

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Mendiola B. Wiryawan
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Visual Communication Design ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
The People ◽  
To Receive

Digital world, internet and mobile have made communication does not move in one way anymore. Visual Communication as a part of Communication recently is going to be more personal, segmented, interactive, user-generated content, accessible and available in huge quantities. In the positive side, users have more options to receive or to respond communication signals according to his/her needs and wants. In opposite, now everybody gets information clutter caused by unbalanced information between what we can received and what we can digested. For that reason we need method to study the people as an object of our communication. Learning user experience concept make us understand more about our object insight. The aim of this paper is to review principles that used in UX study. In the future we expect this discourse will be assesed and used in a design thinking method and developed in visual communication design institution. Research method used in this paper is based on literatural studies. Understanding of UX will help designers developing design that can be effectively communicate with their segement.  

scholarly journals The effect of isolation in controlling the variability of point connected structures with uncertain structural attachments

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622093960
Author(s):  
Marcos R Souza ◽  
Neil S Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Response Variability ◽  
Mobility Analysis ◽  
Aerospace Vehicles ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Flexible Connections

As the demand for the transmission of electric power and communication signals in automotive and aerospace vehicles increases, so does the number of structures comprising simplified one-dimensional attachments, such as electrical cabling, affixed to a host plate like primary structure. These attachments are typically uncertain in their geometric or material properties, potentially affecting the response of the built-up structure. Difficulties then arise in the prediction of the response of the assembly. This study shows how the variability, due to the uncertain attachments, might be reduced by considering flexible connections. A mobility analysis compares systems connected with either rigid links or elastic springs. A frequency is identified at which the assembly dynamically uncouples; the effect on the host response variability due to the uncertain attachment decreases above this frequency with a reduction of the order of 60 dB in the coefficient of variation. This uncoupling or effective isolation frequency can be simply estimated from the mobility of the elastic connection and the properties of the nominal structural attachment. For design purposes, this frequency can be adjusted to achieve a more predictable response above a given frequency.

Grain boundary segregation in metals

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1204-1205
Author(s):  
C.L. Briant
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Boundary Segregation ◽  
Grain Boundary Segregation ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
The One

Grain boundary segregation is the process by which solute elements in a material diffuse to the grain boundaries, become trapped there, and increase their local concentration at the boundary over that in the bulk. As a result of this process this local concentration of the segregant at the grain boundary can be many orders of magnitude greater than the bulk concentration of the segregant. The importance of this problem lies in the fact that grain boundary segregation can affect many material properties such as fracture, corrosion, and grain growth.One of the best ways to study grain boundary segregation is with Auger electron spectroscopy. This spectroscopy is an extremely surface sensitive technique. When it is used to study grain boundary segregation the sample must first be fractured intergranularly in the high vacuum spectrometer. This fracture surface is then the one that is analyzed. The development of scanning Auger spectrometers have allowed researchers to first image the fracture surface that is created and then to perform analyses on individual grain boundaries.

Relationships Between Grain Boundary Structure and Material Properties

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Brian Ralph ◽  
Barlow Claire ◽  
Nicola Ecob
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Main Property ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Property Changes

This brief review seeks to summarize some of the main property changes which may be induced by altering the grain structure of materials. Where appropriate an interpretation is given of these changes in terms of current theories of grain boundary structure, and some examples from current studies are presented at the end of this paper.

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