scholarly journals mPFC Spindle Cycles Organize Sparse Thalamic Activation and Recently Active CA1 cells During non-REM Sleep

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Varela ◽  
MA Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Temporal Window ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Limbic Thalamus ◽  
Spatial Exploration ◽  
Episodic Memories

AbstractSleep oscillations in neocortex and hippocampus are critical for the integration of new episodic memories into stable generalized representations in neocortex. However, the role of the thalamus in this process is poorly understood.To determine the thalamic contribution to non-REM oscillations (sharp-wave ripples, SWRs; slow/delta; spindles), we recorded units and local field potentials (LFPs) simultaneously in the limbic thalamus, mPFC, and CA1 in rats. We report that the cycles of neocortical spindles provide a key temporal window that coordinates CA1 SWRs with sparse but consistent activation of thalamic units. Thalamic units were phase-locked to delta and spindles in mPFC, and fired at consistent lags with other thalamic units within spindles, while CA1 units that were active during spatial exploration were engaged in SWR-coupled spindles after behavior. The sparse thalamic firing could promote an incremental integration of recently acquired memory traces into neocortical schemas through the interleaved activation of thalamocortical cells.

scholarly journals mPFC spindle cycles organize sparse thalamic activation and recently active CA1 cells during non-REM sleep

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Varela ◽  
Matthew A Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Temporal Window ◽  
Sharp Wave ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Limbic Thalamus ◽  
Spatial Exploration

Sleep oscillations in the neocortex and hippocampus are critical for the integration of new memories into stable generalized representations in neocortex. However, the role of the thalamus in this process is poorly understood. To determine the thalamic contribution to non-REM oscillations (sharp-wave ripples, SWRs; slow/delta; spindles), we recorded units and local field potentials (LFPs) simultaneously in the limbic thalamus, mPFC, and CA1 in rats. We report that the cycles of neocortical spindles provide a key temporal window that coordinates CA1 SWRs with sparse but consistent activation of thalamic units. Thalamic units were phase-locked to delta and spindles in mPFC, and fired at consistent lags with other thalamic units within spindles, while CA1 units that were active during spatial exploration were engaged in SWR-coupled spindles after behavior. The sparse thalamic firing could promote an incremental integration of recently acquired memory traces into neocortical schemas through the interleaved activation of thalamocortical cells.

7 Converging evidence from local field potentials and acute stimulation for subthalamic nucleus theta involvement in internally generated decisions to initiate or withhold actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. e10.3-e11
Author(s):  
Luis Manssuer ◽  
Valerie Voon ◽  
Chen Cheng Zhang ◽  
Linbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deep Brain

Objectives/AimsTo examine the causal role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in externally cued or internally generated decisions to execute or withhold an action by recording and stimulating neural activity in this region using deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes implanted for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD).Methods20 PD patients completed an intentional inhibition task in which they were instructed by visual cues to go, stop or choose to go or stop. Each cue was on the screen until the patient pressed a button with their left thumb or for a maximum of 1500 ms and was preceded by a fixation cross for 1000–1500 ms. Local field potentials (LFP) were simultaneously recorded from the left STN and stimulated in the right STN at the clinical frequency of 130Hz or theta frequency 7Hz for 500 ms prior to the onset of the cue on half of the choice trials.ResultsOn non-stimulation choice trials, analysis of the LFP’s showed a significant decrease in theta activity when patients chose to stop compared to go. This difference began prior to the onset of the response. Behaviourally, patients chose to respond less when the STN was stimulated at a frequency of 7 hz for 500 ms prior to the onset of the cue but not at 130 Hz.On non-stimulation choice trials, analysis of the LFP’s also showed that there was a significant decrease in theta activity when patients chose to stop compared to go. This difference began prior to the onset of the response.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that pre-existing theta activity in the STN may bias one’s pre-disposition to choose to initiate an action and that stimulation of this activity may interfere with this process.

scholarly journals A Biophysically Detailed Model of Neocortical Local Field Potentials Predicts the Critical Role of Active Membrane Currents

Neuron ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Reimann ◽  
Costas A. Anastassiou ◽  
Rodrigo Perin ◽  
Sean L. Hill ◽  
Henry Markram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Membrane Currents ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Active Membrane

Transient loss of interhemispheric functional connectivity following unilateral cortical spreading depression in awake rats

Cephalalgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 033310242097017
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V Vinogradova ◽  
Elena M Suleymanova ◽  
Tatiana M Medvedeva
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Cortical Spreading Depression ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Freely Behaving

Objective Growing evidence shows a critical role of network disturbances in the pathogenesis of migraine. Unilateral pattern of neurological symptoms of aura suggests disruption of interhemispheric interactions during the early phase of a migraine attack. Using local field potentials data from the visual and motor cortices, this study explored effects of unilateral cortical spreading depression, the likely pathophysiological mechanism of migraine aura, on interhemispheric functional connectivity in freely behaving rats. Methods Temporal evolution of the functional connectivity was evaluated using mutual information and phase synchronization measures applied to local field potentials recordings obtained in homotopic points of the motor and visual cortices of the two hemispheres in freely behaving rats after induction of a single unilateral cortical spreading depression in the somatosensory S1 cortex and sham cortical stimulation. Results Cortical spreading depression was followed by a dramatic broadband loss of interhemispheric functional connectivity in the visual and motor regions of the cortex. The hemispheric disconnection started after the end of the depolarization phase of cortical spreading depression, progressed gradually, and terminated by 5 min after initiation of cortical spreading depression. The network impairment had region- and frequency-specific characteristics and was more pronounced in the visual cortex than in the motor cortex. The period of impaired neural synchrony coincided with post-cortical spreading depression electrographic aberrant activation of the ipsilateral cortex and abnormal behavior. Conclusion The study provides the first evidence that unilateral cortical spreading depression induces a reversible loss of functional hemispheric connectivity in the cortex of awake animals. Given a critical role of long-distance cortical synchronization in sensory processing and sensorimotor integration, the post-cortical spreading depression breakdown of functional connectivity may contribute to neuropathological mechanisms of aura generation.

Role of local field potentials in encoding hand movement kinematics

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Witte
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Movement Planning ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Reach And Grasp ◽  
The Brain

How the brain orchestrates the musculoskeletal system to produce complex three-dimensional movements is still poorly understood. Despite first promising results in brain-machine interfaces that translate cortical activity to control output, there is an ongoing debate about which brain signals provide richest information related to movement planning and execution. Novel results by Bansal and colleagues (2011) now suggest that neuronal spiking and local field potentials jointly encode kinematics during skilled reach and grasp movements.

scholarly journals Altered Emotional Phenotypes in Chronic Kidney Disease Following 5/6 Nephrectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Yeon Hee Yu ◽  
Seong-Wook Kim ◽  
Dae-Kyoon Park ◽  
Ho-Yeon Song ◽  
Duk-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rat Models

Increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neurological disorders including cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, and dysfunction of central nervous system have been reported during the natural history of CKD. Psychological distress and depression are serious concerns in patients with CKD. However, the relevance of CKD due to decline in renal function and the pathophysiology of emotional deterioration is not clear. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham control, 5/6 nephrectomy at 4 weeks, and 5/6 nephrectomy at 10 weeks. Behavior tests, local field potentials, and histology and laboratory tests were conducted and investigated. We provided direct evidence showing that CKD rat models exhibited anxiogenic behaviors and depression-like phenotypes, along with altered hippocampal neural oscillations at 1–12 Hz. We generated CKD rat models by performing 5/6 nephrectomy, and identified higher level of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in CKD rats than in wild-type, depending on time. In addition, the level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I for renal tissue was markedly elevated, with worsening fibrosis due to renal failures. The level of anxiety and depression-like behaviors increased in the 10-week CKD rat models compared with the 4-week rat models. In the recording of local field potentials, the power of delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), and alpha rhythm (7–12 Hz) was significantly increased in the hippocampus of CKD rats compared with wild-type rats. Together, our findings indicated that anxiogenic behaviors and depression can be induced by CKD, and these abnormal symptoms can be worsened as the onset of CKD was prolonged. In conclusion, our results show that the hippocampus is vulnerable to uremia.

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