Effect of aeromedical training on anxiety levels of ab initio pilots

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazim Ata ◽  
Berna Aytac ◽  
Dijan Ertemir ◽  
Muzaffer Cetinguc ◽  
Ebru Yazgan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Aerospace Medicine ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Difference

Purpose Aeromedical training is meant to train aircrew in combating physiological problems that they might face in flight. Given the importance of the training, there are limited studies in the literature investigating the anxiety levels during aeromedical training along with training outcomes. This study aims to assess the untrained participants’ anxiety levels before and after aeromedical training, investigate the differences in anxiety levels across different physiological training devices and determine whether participants’ anxiety levels affect their G tolerances. Design/methodology/approach This study was carried out on 61 healthy male subjects (n = 61) who had applied for initial aeromedical training. Anxiety surveys and visual analog scales were administered before and after the practical aeromedical training. In addition, blood pressure and heart rate measurements were carried out. Findings Participants had significantly higher anxiety levels before human centrifuge training (pre-Glab) than before the altitude chamber training (pre-hypobaric). Participants who experienced G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) had slightly more anxiety reported than the non-G-LOC group. There was a significant decrease between pre-Glab and post-Glab (after the human centrifuge training) and between pre-hypobaric and post-hypobaric (after the altitude chamber training) anxiety levels. The incidence of G-LOC was lower in participants having higher pre-G-Lab blood pressure. However, the difference in anxiety levels between the G-LOC group and the non-G-LOC group was not statistically significant. Research limitations/implications In this study, state anxiety inventory was not performed after human centrifuge training as centrifuge training lasted for around 5 min only, and it is not advisable to repeat state anxiety inventory in such short periods. Blood pressure was not measured after G-Lab training because human centrifuge training is hard training and has an impact on blood pressure. Hence, it would have been difficult to distinguish whether the blood pressure change was due to anxiety or hard physical activity. These limitations, especially for the G-Lab, caused us to evaluate state anxiety only with VAS. It would be worthwhile to repeat similar studies with objective measurements before and after the training. Practical implications This information suggests that instructors who train the applicants on aerospace medicine be ready for the possible consequences of anxiety. Originality/value There are only a few centers in the world that include all the physiological training devices (practical aeromedical training laboratories) together. To the best of authors’ knowledge, there are no studies in the literature investigating the differences in anxiety levels across various physiological training devices. The studies about the effect of anxiety levels on aeromedical training outcomes and anxiety levels before and after the training are scant.

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

The effect of COVID-19 prevention methods training given through distance learning on state anxiety level: the case of private sector

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Ucuk ◽  
Gulay Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Communication Sector ◽  
Prevention Methods

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention methods training given by distance learning technique on the state anxiety level of the workers of a company serving in the communication sector.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of this experimental and cross-sectional study consisted of 52 people working in the communication sector. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the state anxiety inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, variance analysis, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U and Tukey’s test.FindingsWhile the state anxiety scores of the workers working in the communication sector were 47.94 ± 4.90 before the training, they were found to be 43.98 ± 5.20 after the training.Research limitations/implicationsAs in every study, this study has some limitations. Although a homogeneous sample is tried to be formed since it only covers this group, it should be considered that there is a limitation in terms of generalizability. In addition, the fact that the knowledge score is not measured and the relationship between the knowledge score and the anxiety score is not evaluated should be considered as a limitation. Finally, it is also a limitation that the questionnaire form, which includes measurement tools, is applied online. It is thought that measuring errors can be minimized if questionnaires are applied face to face.Practical implicationsThe results of the study showed that the training given to the workers in the communication sector contributed positively to the reduction of anxiety levels. It is important to provide training and support to those with high anxiety levels. After providing effective protection for nurses/midwives under pandemic conditions and preventing their uncertainties, they can contribute to the reduction of anxiety levels by providing training to individuals who serve the society. It is recommended to plan health trainings for the anxiety of other sector workers serving the society and to focus on these groups. Thus, the effective protection of individuals and their service quality will increase and their anxiety may decrease.Originality/valueInformative support from nurses/midwives can make it easier to control anxiety arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. The results are important in order to draw attention to the anxiety of other sector workers serving the society and the importance of informative roles of nurses. In order to reduce the anxiety levels of workers in different sectors, it is recommended to conduct more supportive training activities and to draw attention to the workers serving the society.

A device employing a neural network for blood pressure estimation from the oscillatory pressure pulse wave and PPG signal

Sensor Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Jian Tian ◽  
Jiangan Xie ◽  
Zhonghua He ◽  
Qianfeng Ma ◽  
Xiuxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oscillatory Pressure ◽  
Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Purpose Wrist-cuff oscillometric blood pressure monitors are very popular in the portable medical device market. However, its accuracy has always been controversial. In addition to the oscillatory pressure pulse wave, the finger photoplethysmography (PPG) can provide information on blood pressure changes. A blood pressure measurement system integrating the information of pressure pulse wave and the finger PPG may improve measurement accuracy. Additionally, a neural network can synthesize the information of different types of signals and approximate the complex nonlinear relationship between inputs and outputs. The purpose of this study is to verify the hypothesis that a wrist-cuff device using a neural network for blood pressure estimation from both the oscillatory pressure pulse wave and PPG signal may improve the accuracy. Design/methodology/approach A PPG sensor was integrated into a wrist blood pressure monitor, so the finger PPG and the oscillatory pressure wave could be detected at the same time during the measurement. After the peak detection, curves were fitted to the data of pressure pulse amplitude and PPG pulse amplitude versus time. A genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network was constructed. Parameters of the curves were inputted into the neural network, the outputs of which were the measurement values of blood pressure. Blood pressure measurements of 145 subjects were obtained using a mercury sphygmomanometer, the developed device with the neural network algorithm and an Omron HEM-6111 blood pressure monitor for comparison. Findings For the systolic blood pressure (SBP), the difference between the proposed device and the mercury sphygmomanometer is 0.0062 ± 2.55 mmHg (mean ± SD) and the difference between the Omron device and the mercury sphygmomanometer is 1.13 ± 9.48 mmHg. The difference in diastolic blood pressure between the mercury sphygmomanometer and the proposed device was 0.28 ± 2.99 mmHg. The difference in diastolic blood pressure between the mercury sphygmomanometer and Omron HEM-6111 was −3.37 ± 7.53 mmHg. Originality/value Although the difference in the SBP error between the proposed device and Omron HEM-6111 was not remarkable, there was a significant difference between the proposed device and Omron HEM-6111 in the diastolic blood pressure error. The developed device showed an improved performance. This study was an attempt to enhance the accuracy of wrist-cuff oscillometric blood pressure monitors by using the finger PPG and the neural network. The hardware framework constructed in this study can improve the conventional wrist oscillometric sphygmomanometer and may be used for continuous measurement of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Effect of Music on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478
Author(s):  
Aditi Gadegone ◽  
Sachin Daigavane ◽  
Ruta Walavalkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Topical Anaesthesia ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels

BACKGROUND Music is an inexpensive, easily available anxiolytic known to mankind since ages. Cataract extraction surgery is one of the widely performed surgeries under local anaesthesia. India is a developing country where limited resources are spent over health infrastructure which has to cater to a large population. In our study we have tried to utilize the anxietolytic effect of music in combating the anxiety and stress patients suffer during surgery. METHODS In this prospective, interventional study, 300 patients diagnosed with senile cataract were selected. The sample size was decided taking into consideration various prevalence studies. The patients were consequently recruited for the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into three groups - one undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under topical anaesthesia and two groups undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under local anaesthesia by the same surgeon in a same operating room. Two groups including the one where topical anaesthesia was used were made to listen to ‘Classical Sitar Music’ whereas one group was not made to listen to music. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured before and after surgery and compared in all patients. RESULTS Blood pressure and heart rates were statistically significantly normalized (lowered) post-operatively when compared to their pre-operative values in groups which were made to listen to music. There was a marked decrease in the anxiety levels in patients who were operated under topical anaesthesia when compared to those operated under local anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS Music can be widely used in decreasing anxiety levels in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery thereby improving the post-operative prognosis in patients in a cost-effective way. KEY WORDS Phacoemulsification Surgery, Classical Sitar Music, Peri-Bulbar Block, Topical Anaesthesia, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate

Grape juice and aerobic exercise on blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Barroso Leal ◽  
Juçara Barroso Leal ◽  
Joaline Barroso Portela Leal ◽  
Yan de Lima Borges ◽  
Maria Ivone Leal de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After

Purpose This paper aims to verify the effect of 12 weeks of grape juice (GJ) consumption associated with aerobic exercise on the variation of the hypertensive elderly pressure. Design/methodology/approach A total of 45 hypertensive elderly of both sexes were distributed into: control group (CG, n = 10), exercise group (EG, n = 10), juice group (JG, n = 12) and juice and exercise group (JEG, n = 13). Blood pressure and heart rate were checked weekly before exercise in JG and JEG, and before and after intervention in all groups, with JG and JEG supplemented with 200 mL of GJ. Three weekly sessions of moderate walking were applied. Findings There was a reduction in EG, JG and JEG for systolic pressure and diastolic only for JG and JEG. The GJ consumption to the practice of aerobic exercise provided reductions in the arterial pressure of hypertensive, in addition to stabilization of the diastolic pressure. Research limitations/implications Although the objective of the study was to compare the effect and value of intervention with controls, the study had no intervention in food consumption, which could have led to more significant results. There was a limitation in the control drink, leading the study not to be blind, which may have impaired the results. However, it is probably not a bias, as the groups were divided by residence area, and therefore, had no direct contact with the other groups. Another limitation was that the sample size was still small, which would lead to more reliable results. Finally, although the existing limitations cannot be disregarded, the results of this research are very promising, especially when the objective is the effect of GJ and aerobic exercise on blood pressure, with the possibility of implementing supplemental GJ and the inclusion or not of exercise to the hypertensive elderly. Originality/value The paper deals with the benefits of GJ consumption associated with aerobic physical exercise on the blood pressure of elderly hypertensive patients. Considering that GJ along with physical exercise was enough to reduce the blood pressure of hypertensive elderly, this may be a new model to be used to reduce and/or control blood pressure, and GJ and the exercise to be part of the daily life of the population.

Which Inotropic Drug, Dobutamine or Milrinone, Is Clinically More Effective in the Treatment of Postligation Cardiac Syndrome in Preterm Infants?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Korkmaz ◽  
Ahmet Ozdemir ◽  
Özge Pamukçu ◽  
Tamer Güneş ◽  
Mehmet Adnan Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cardiac Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Objective This study aimed to detect which of the two main medicines suggested in the treatment of postligation cardiac syndrome (PLCS)—dobutamine or mirinone—possesses a more therapeutic effect. While doing this, clinicians are provided with a broader perspective on the treatment and follow-up of cases. The desire was to increase the treatability and monitor ability of the cases in question and hence their survivability. Study Design A retrospective review of a cohort of infants with PLCS was conducted between March 2012 and December 2018. In the treatment of infants with PLCS, dobutamine (dobutamine study group-DSG) or milrinone (milrinone study group-MSG) was used. The respiration, cardiac, echocardiography, and perfusion parameters of the cases were assessed both before and after ligation. Based on the data obtained, both the effects of the medicines on PLCS and the difference between their therapeutic effects were studied. The accuracy of prognostication was assessed with receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results PLCS was detected in 29 (34.1%) of 85 patent ductus arteriosus ligation cases in total. Of all the PLCS cases, 13 (44.8%) were treated with dobutamine and 16 (55.2%) with milrinone. It was observed that the effects of the medicines on the respiratory system and cardiovascular system manifested in the third and 6th hour, respectively. It was detected that both medicines had more effect on the systolic blood pressure (SBP) (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.997/0.996, p = 0.001/0.002) than on the diastolic blood pressure (AUC: 0.911/0.843, p = 0.032/0.046). Conclusion Dobutamine and milrinone, two primary medicines that can be used in the treatment of cases with PLCS, possess similar therapeutic effects on this pathology. In addition, their postoperative therapeutic effects on the SBP are more in the foreground.

The effect of nimodipine on intracranial pressure

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Hadley ◽  
Robert F. Spetzler ◽  
Mary S. Fifield ◽  
William D. Bichard ◽  
John A. Hodak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

✓ Nimodipine was administered by intravenous infusion to six male baboons before, during, and after 6 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Intracranial pressure (ICP) and systemic blood pressure were monitored continuously. An epidural balloon was inflated at regular intervals at three levels of arterial CO2 tension (25, 35, and 50 mm Hg) before and after the administration of nimodipine, and volume-pressure curves were generated. In every case, curves generated after intravenous nimodipine infusion were lower and shifted more to the right than the same set of curves generated before nimodipine administration, regardless of the baseline ICP. The reduction in ICP following nimodipine infusion was not due to a reduction in mean arterial blood pressure and was statistically significant at all three levels of pCO2 (p < 0.01). These results suggest that, in the presence of elevated ICP due to cerebral infarction, there is no increased risk of exacerbating intracranial hypertension with the addition of nimodipine.

The tribocorrosion behaviors of Hastelloy C276 alloy in seawater

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Jun ◽  
Yan Fengyuan ◽  
Wang Jianzhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Aisi 316 Stainless Steel ◽  
The Difference

Purpose – The aim of this work is to study the tribocorrosion behaviors of Hastelloy C276 alloy sliding against AISI 316 stainless steel in artificial seawater and distilled water. Design/methodology/approach – The electrochemical behaviors of Hastelloy C276 alloy are measured by potentiodynamic polarization method. The tribocorrosion properties are evaluated using an MRH-03 type ring-on-block test rig in artificial seawater with different salinity. The wear loss is determined by the difference of sample weight before and after tribocorrosion tests. Findings – The results show that the typical passivation behavior is observed for C276 alloy in seawater. The Hastelloy C276 alloy has the maximum corrosion current density in 3 percent seawater, which is the synergism of salt concentration and dissolved oxygen in seawater. Friction coefficients are in general larger in distilled water compared with seawater. The wear loss in seawater is always higher than that in distilled water for both alloys. Seawater could reduce the friction coefficient and the wear resistance. Originality/value – Many scientists focused on studying the friction behavior of passive metals sliding against alumina or zirconia, which was considered to act as inert antagonist in the experiments. However, there are few papers available on the tribocorrosion properties of passive metals sliding each other in corrosion mediums.

Cardiac arrhythmias resulting from experimental head injury

1976 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delbert E. Evans ◽  
William A. Alter ◽  
Stanley A. Shatsky ◽  
E. Neal Gunby
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The cardiovascular events resulting from experimental head injury were studied to determine the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and to define the autonomic mechanisms responsible for these changes. Electrocardiograms and arterial blood pressure were recorded in anesthetized monkeys before and after the animals were subjected to temporoparietal head impact. Cardiac arrhythmias and hypotension occurred immediately following impact in every animal studied. Various atrioventricular nodal and ventricular arrhythmias were seen. Cholinergic blockade was found to prevent arrhythmias induced by head injury whereas adrenergic blockade was found to be ineffective.

scholarly journals Differences in blood pressure before and after consuming cucumber juice (Cucumis sativus) in women aged 30-40 years

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Franklin ◽  
Edeh Roletta Haroen ◽  
Sri Tjahajawati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Decrease Blood Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Village

Introduction: Cucumber contains pottasium that can decrease blood pressure. This study was implemented to obtain data about the difference in blood pressure before and after consuming cucumber essence (Cucumis sativus) at women aged 30-40 years. Aim of this research is to analyzed difference s of blood pressure between before and after consuming cucumber essence (Cucumis sativus) at women aged 30-40 years. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental with pair measurement statistic data test. Total samples of this study were 30 women at RW 02, Sukawarna district, Sukajadi, house of the village-head. Results: the average of systole before consume cucumber essence was 119,29 mmHg and after to be 115,09 mmHg. The average of diastole before consume cucumber essence was 80,91 mmHg and after to be 78,16 mmHg. Statsitic analysis showed if α = 0,05 (t0,975) value of tcalc both systolic and diastolic blood pressure > ttable so that H0 rejected and H1 accepted. Conclusion: this study showed a difference in blood pressure between before and after consuming cucumber essence (Cucumis sativus) at women aged 30-40 years.

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