Flavonoid fraction from chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hyperuricemic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aulia Putri Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Diah Pitaloka Putri ◽  
Nani Maharani ◽  
Ahmad Ni'matullah Al-Baarri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sechium Edule ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Flavonoid Fraction ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Purpose This paper aims to study the effect of the flavonoid fraction of chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves (FFCL) on uric acid (UA) levels, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in hyperuricemia rats. Design/methodology/approach In total, 30 Sprague–Dawley rats were divided randomly into 5 groups. A healthy control group was established. Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of block broth and potassium oxonate for three weeks. FFCL at dosages of 50 and 100 mg/200 g BW/d or allopurinol at a dosage of 1.8 mg/200 g BW/d was given orally for 2 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences among groups before and after the intervention. Findings Treatment with two different doses FFCL (50 and 100 mg/200 g BW/d) and one dose of allopurinol (1.8 mg/200 g BW/d) for 2 weeks significantly reduced UA from 8.04 ± 0.23 to 3.88 ± 0.10; 8.03 ± 0.18 to 2.87 ± 0.10; 8.23 ± 0.21 to 2.53 ± 0.19 (p < 0.05), respectively. The oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde levels were reduced (p = 0.001) from 9.68 ± 0.28 to 4.06 ± 0.58; 10.01 ± 0.23 to 2.12 ± 0.09; 9.88 ± 0.21 to 2.02 ± 0.17 (p = 0.001). The inflammatory marker tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were also reduced from 26.43 ± 0.87 to 12.20 ± 0.32; 27.38 ± 0.53 to 9.60 ± 0.53; 27.55 ± 0.68 to 8.83 ± 0.21 with p = 0.001. The 100 mg/200 g BW/d FFCL decreased UA levels, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers more extensively compared to 50 mg/200 g BW/d FFCL. Research limitations/implications This study includes some limitations that may affect the generalizability of its findings. First, the flavonoid levels of FFCL were not measured. Second, other oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g. superoxide dismutase) and inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. IL-6) were not investigated. Finally, the experiments were conducted on the model animals over a relatively short period of time. Further research is needed to evaluate the effect in humans at chronic use. Practical implications Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves are rich in flavonoids, especially apigenin and luteolin, which can improve oxidative stress and inflammation conditions caused by hyperuricemia. Social implications Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, mostly caused by oxidative stress and inflammation in the body due to high levels of UA, one of the treatment strategies is through diet modification. Originality/value The results of this investigation imply that the administration of the flavonoid fraction of chayote leaves has significant effects on UA and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Further research is necessary to confirm the results.

scholarly journals Differential Gamma Interferon- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Driven Cytokine Response Distinguishes Acute Infection of a Metatherian Host with Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Donahoe ◽  
David N. Phalen ◽  
Bronwyn M. McAllan ◽  
Denis O'Meally ◽  
Milton M. McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum (both Apicomplexa) are closely related cyst-forming coccidian parasites that differ significantly in their host ranges and ability to cause disease. Unlike eutherian mammals, Australian marsupials (metatherian mammals) have long been thought to be highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis and neosporosis because of their historical isolation from the parasites. In this study, the carnivorous fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) was used as a disease model to investigate the immune response and susceptibility to infection of an Australian marsupial to T. gondii and N. caninum. The disease outcome was more severe in N. caninum-infected dunnarts than in T. gondii-infected dunnarts, as shown by the severity of clinical and histopathological features of disease and higher tissue parasite burdens in the tissues evaluated. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of spleens from infected dunnarts and mitogen-stimulated dunnart splenocytes was used to define the cytokine repertoires. Changes in mRNA expression during the time course of infection were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) for key Th1 (gamma interferon [IFN-γ] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]), Th2 (interleukin 4 [IL-4] and IL-6), and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines. The results show qualitative differences in cytokine responses by the fat-tailed dunnart to infection with N. caninum and T. gondii. Dunnarts infected with T. gondii were capable of mounting a more effective Th1 immune response than those infected with N. caninum, indicating the role of the immune response in the outcome scenarios of parasite infection in this marsupial mammal.

Clinical effect of intra-arterial tumor necrosis factor-α for malignant glioma

1992 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yoshida ◽  
Toshihiko Wakabayashi ◽  
Masaaki Mizuno ◽  
Kenichiro Sugita ◽  
Tazuka Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

✓ Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α was administered intra-arterially to treat 20 cases of malignant gliomas, mostly progressive or recurrent. The optimum dosage was determined to be 1 × 105 U/sq m/day. Among the 10 evaluable patients treated at this dosage, two responded (one completely and one partially), resulting in a 20% response rate. Side effects were mild and easily controllable. Improvement of neurological symptoms was noted in 47% of the patients a few days after treatment, even when computerized tomography showed no tumor regression. This might have been due to the pleiotypic biological activity of tumor necrosis factor-α. Neuroradiographic observations revealed narrowing of the tumor-feeding artery, a decrease in tumor staining ability, and necrosis in the central part of a tumor. The authors suggest that intra-arterial administration of tumor necrosis factor-α may be an effective treatment for malignant glioma, including recurrent cases.

scholarly journals Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Modulates the Dynamics of the Plasminogen-Mediated Early Interaction between Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactisand Human Enterocytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 2465-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Centanni ◽  
Simone Bergmann ◽  
Silvia Turroni ◽  
Sven Hammerschmidt ◽  
Gursharan Singh Chhatwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Early Interaction ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACTThe capacity to intervene with the host plasminogen system has recently been considered an important component in the interaction process betweenBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisand the human host. However, its significance in the bifidobacterial microecology within the human gastrointestinal tract is still an open question. Here we demonstrate that human plasminogen favors theB. animalissubsp.lactisBI07 adhesion to HT29 cells. Prompting the HT29 cell capacity to activate plasminogen, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) modulated the plasminogen-mediated bacterium-enterocyte interaction, reducing the bacterial adhesion to the enterocytes and enhancing migration to the luminal compartment.

scholarly journals Tumor-Induced Oxidative Stress Perturbs Nuclear Factor-κB Activity-Augmenting Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Mediated T-Cell Death: Protection by Curcumin

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Debaprasad Mandal ◽  
Gouri Sankar Sen ◽  
Suman Pal ◽  
Shuvomoy Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor
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