Prototype Design And Preliminary Tests For On Line, Real Time Sag Monitoring Of High Voltage Overhead Lines

Author(s):  
Elena Golinelli ◽  
Gian Mario Ogliari ◽  
Daniele Bartalesi ◽  
Umberto Perini
Author(s):  
J. L. Lilien ◽  
S. Gue´rard ◽  
B. Godard ◽  
J. M. Feiereisen ◽  
J. Destine´

Nowadays, the electricity demand keeps increasing. To adapt to this request, an increase in the production of electricity, as well as in transmission and distribution capacities is necessary. Whereas the construction of a new site of energy production is relatively easy, it is extremely long and difficult to manage to build new overhead lines. Consequently, electricity companies are searching for means to maximize the transport capacity of their lines while preserving the minimal distances to the ground and the mechanical reliability of the lines. Real time monitoring of the line ampacity is one of the means which make it possible to optimize the use of high voltage lines.


Author(s):  
M.A. O’Keefe ◽  
J. Taylor ◽  
D. Owen ◽  
B. Crowley ◽  
K.H. Westmacott ◽  
...  

Remote on-line electron microscopy is rapidly becoming more available as improvements continue to be developed in the software and hardware of interfaces and networks. Scanning electron microscopes have been driven remotely across both wide and local area networks. Initial implementations with transmission electron microscopes have targeted unique facilities like an advanced analytical electron microscope, a biological 3-D IVEM and a HVEM capable of in situ materials science applications. As implementations of on-line transmission electron microscopy become more widespread, it is essential that suitable standards be developed and followed. Two such standards have been proposed for a high-level protocol language for on-line access, and we have proposed a rational graphical user interface. The user interface we present here is based on experience gained with a full-function materials science application providing users of the National Center for Electron Microscopy with remote on-line access to a 1.5MeV Kratos EM-1500 in situ high-voltage transmission electron microscope via existing wide area networks. We have developed and implemented, and are continuing to refine, a set of tools, protocols, and interfaces to run the Kratos EM-1500 on-line for collaborative research. Computer tools for capturing and manipulating real-time video signals are integrated into a standardized user interface that may be used for remote access to any transmission electron microscope equipped with a suitable control computer.


1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Manders ◽  
D. P. Lindstrom ◽  
B. M. Dawant

Abstract:On-line intelligent monitoring, diagnosis, and control of dynamic systems such as patients in intensive care units necessitates the context-dependent acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation of large amounts of possibly noisy and incomplete data. The dynamic nature of the process also requires a continuous evaluation and adaptation of the monitoring strategy to respond to changes both in the monitored patient and in the monitoring equipment. Moreover, real-time constraints may imply data losses, the importance of which has to be minimized. This paper presents a computer architecture designed to accomplish these tasks. Its main components are a model and a data abstraction module. The model provides the system with a monitoring context related to the patient status. The data abstraction module relies on that information to adapt the monitoring strategy and provide the model with the necessary information. This paper focuses on the data abstraction module and its interaction with the model.


2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Nan Chang ◽  
Li-Ling Lee ◽  
Han-Hsien Huang ◽  
Ying-Chih Chiu

The performance of a real-time controlled Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor (SBMBR) for removing organic matter and nitrogen from synthetic wastewater has been investigated in this study under two specific ammonia loadings of 0.0086 and 0.0045g NH4+-N gVSS−1 day−1. Laboratory results indicate that both COD and DOC removal are greater than 97.5% (w/w) but the major benefit of using membrane for solid-liquid separation is that the effluent can be decanted through the membrane while aeration is continued during the draw stage. With a continued aeration, the sludge cake layer is prevented from forming thus alleviating the membrane clogging problem in addition to significant nitrification activities observed in the draw stage. With adequate aeration in the oxic stage, the nitrogen removal efficiency exceeding 99% can be achieved with the SBMBR system. Furthermore, the SBMBR system has also been used to study the occurrence of ammonia valley and nitrate knee that can be used for real-time control of the biological process. Under appropriate ammonia loading rates, applicable ammonia valley and nitrate knee are detected. The real-time control of the SBMBR can be performed based on on-line ORP and pH measurements.


1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Andreas Cassar ◽  
Hans-Reinhard Verworn

Most of the existing rainfall runoff models for urban drainage systems have been designed for off-line calculations. With a design storm or a historical rain event and the model system the rainfall runoff processes are simulated, the faster the better. Since very recently, hydrodynamic models have been considered to be much too slow for real time applications. However, with the computing power of today - and even more so of tomorrow - very complex and detailed models may be run on-line and in real time. While the algorithms basically remain the same as for off-line simulations, problems concerning timing, data management and inter process communication have to be identified and solved. This paper describes the upgrading of the existing hydrodynamic rainfall runoff model HYSTEM/EXTRAN and the decision finding model INTL for real time performance, their implementation on a network of UNIX stations and the experiences from running them within an urban drainage real time control project. The main focus is not on what the models do but how they are put into action and made to run smoothly embedded in all the processes necessary in operational real time control.


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