IoT-based Automated Greenhouse for Deep Water Culture Hydroponic System

Author(s):  
Maria C. Moreno ◽  
Oscar J. Suarez ◽  
Alda Pardo Garcia
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan

Abstract This paper discusses about the solution culture or 'hydroculture' systems, which are methods of crop production which do not employ the use of substrates to contain the root system and hold moisture between irrigations. It includes NFT or the nutrient film technique, deep water culture/deep flow technique - float, raft or pond systems, aeroponics, aquaponics, organic solution culture, hydroponic fodder systems, and automation for solution culture systems.


Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan

Abstract This paper discusses about the solution culture or 'hydroculture' systems, which are methods of crop production which do not employ the use of substrates to contain the root system and hold moisture between irrigations. It includes NFT or the nutrient film technique, deep water culture/deep flow technique - float, raft or pond systems, aeroponics, aquaponics, organic solution culture, hydroponic fodder systems, and automation for solution culture systems.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Dian Hendrayanti ◽  
Iman Rusmana ◽  
Dwi Andreas Santosa ◽  
Hamim Hamim

 The Biological Nitrogen Fixing (BNF) cyanobacteria can reduce atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium. This ability makes BNF cyanobacteria a potential eco-friendly N-source for soil-planted pad-dy. Apart from a few success stories of BNF cyanobacteria applica-tion in the rice field, its role as an ammonium producer is still an open question. There is also a possibility that indeed cyanobacteria biomass which provides nitrogen through the biological decomposing process. This study aimed to analyze the influence of three strains BNF cyanobacteria on paddy grown in the Deep-Water Culture (DWC) hydroponic system. Yoshida Nutrient Solution was used as a growth medium with the application of 0, 45.7, and 91.4 gL-1 of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) with five replications. The result showed that inter-action between cyanobacteria and nitrogen significantly influenced the total nitrogen of paddy plant, but not the paddy plant height, the num-ber of tillers, and biomass. Cyanobacterial filaments were found most-ly attached to the paddy root rather than floated in the DWC system. Paddy treated with cyanobacteria had more lateral root than control. The result suggested that cyanobacteria support paddy growth indi-rectly through nitrogen deposition in plant tissue and root development. 


Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Janeczko ◽  
Michael Timmons

Baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was grown in a bench-scale deep-water culture (DWC) system in expanded polystyrene (EPS) plug trays. Two experiments were performed. In the first, different seeding patterns, [1-2-1-2…] or [3-0-3-0…] seeds per sequential cell, at the same overall density per tray, were compared to evaluate the potential of an EPS tray designed with fewer cells, but sown with more seeds per cell (to preserve canopy density). Using such a flat would lower growing substrate requirements. Seeding in the [3-0-3-0…] pattern reduced seed germination, but only by 5%. Harvested fresh weight was also less numerically in the [3-0-3-0…] pattern but not statistically. The second experiment observed cultivars Carmel, Seaside and Space grown concurrently. Carmel had the highest germination, nearly 100%, which was significantly greater than Seaside but not Space. Germination for Space was not significantly different from that of Seaside. Carmel also had the highest harvested fresh weight but was not significantly different from Space; both Carmel and Space produced significantly more harvested fresh weight than Seaside.


Author(s):  
Ivan Sevostianov ◽  
Oleksandr Melnik

Hydroponics is a promising area of development of modern agriculture, which provides long-term cultivation of basic vegetables and greenery in small areas with minimal consumption of water and fertilizers. This technology allows you to get a fairly large harvest of fresh vegetables within large cities, including office and residential premises. Entrepreneurs and researchers are paying close attention to developing more efficient hydroponics methods and equipment to implement them in order to reduce usable space, save water, nutrients and increase air supply and plant capacity. Several hydroponics systems are known: static solution culture, continuous flow solution (NFT) culture, deep water culture, passive irrigation, underwater and drainage irrigation systems, wastewater drainage system, deep-water fertilized culture, rotary system, aeroponics, wick system. The first three of the above methods were used commercially and industrially. The system of static culture solution does not provide the necessary saturation of plant roots with air. With the implementation of the method of continuous solution culture, minor buffering is possible due to interruptions in the flow (power outage), flooding of water in some canals, in addition, there are restrictions on the maximum length of canals (12 - 15 m). The system of deep-water culture on an industrial scale is used mainly for growing lettuce. Other mentioned systems are not efficient enough in terms of commercial use. The improved hydroponic installations presented in the article were developed taking into account the following requirements: universality of use (possibility of growing different types of plants); harmonization of optimal supply of crops with water, nutrients, light and air; maximum use of space; increasing the area for each plant and maintaining its stems and shoots. Also in the article the equation for definition of the basic parameters of the developed installations is given.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.14) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Mohd Hafiz Talib ◽  
Khairul Aidil Azlin Abd Rahman ◽  
Mohd Shahrizal Dollah

This study analyze users who are living in condominium and apartment in an urban area to practice the farming activity. Almost 75% type of house in Malaysia is apartment. A major problem living in condominium and apartment is the limited space to do farming activity. To-day's users do not know where their food comes from and uncontrolled using pesticide among the farmers. Over 80% of food supplies were imported and local crops products were exported. About 65% from a person salary is for food consumption. The existing design of hydroponic system is not suitable for the current lifestyle needs. This help users to farm within a limited space in the urban area and create awareness the importance of planting their own food. Hydroponic system can reduce 40% of living cost for food. The compact rack system design has been proposed based on the functionality and practicality for crops planting in a small area using deep water culture system. The compact rack design using a simple system that can easy to assemble and disassemble that suit home interior. The result shows the hydroponic rack with modular system is suitable for the condominium and apartment area which are small and compact. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Zajkowski ◽  
Whitney Short

Hydroponic growing in controlled environment horticulture has been an increasingly used method of produce production around the world. Its many methods integrate sustainability and growth efficiency through the control of climatic and system variables. This study investigated control variables that would produce and market a more effective lettuce (lactuca sativa. var capitata) crop. Three objectives determined: The comparison between the dimensions of deep water culture systems and the lettuce harvesting length, Consumer and ICP spectrometry recognition of different post-harvest hydroponic nutrient concentration, and the preference of lettuce grown in different hydroponic nutrient concentrations. Through growing trials and consumer tests, it was found that the 14 gallon (102 x 50.8 x 66cm) size deep water culture system also produced lettuce with larger harvest-length; spectrometry recognition of lettuce crops grown in different nutrient levels was effective with 7 of the 12 nutrients elements showing sufficient results of concentration in concentrated lettuce. Consumer identification recognition wasn’t successful with 40% of consumers unable to recognize any nutrient concentration level compared to two other varieties. Representing a diverse market audience, of consumers determined that variety 127 (50% regular concentration) was preferred as significant market influence of purchase. This research will impact future studies in effective small scale hydroponic growing and growers looking to expand knowledge of beneficial growth.


Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney C. Holmes ◽  
Daniel E. Wells ◽  
Jeremy M. Pickens ◽  
Joseph M. Kemble

Lettuce is a cool season vegetable often produced in greenhouses and other protective structures to meet market demands. Greenhouses are being increasingly adopted in warm climate zones where excessive heat often leads to physiological disorders of lettuce, such as tipburn and premature bolting. Greenhouse lettuce growers in warm climates need cultivar recommendations that can help improve production without ignoring marketability. In the current study, eighteen lettuce cultivars were grown in deep water culture and evaluated for growth, bolting, and tipburn in a greenhouse in Auburn, AL, starting on 30 June and 19 August 2016. Based on the severity of bolting and tipburn, nine cultivars were then selected and evaluated on 17 November 2016 for sensory attributes and marketability by 50 untrained consumer panelists. Cultivars ‘Adriana’, ‘Aerostar’, ‘Monte Carlo’, ‘Nevada’, ‘Parris Island’, ‘Salvius’, ‘Skyphos’, and ‘Sparx’ were selected as having higher heat tolerance than cultivars ‘Bambi’, ‘Buttercrunch’ ‘Coastal Star’, ‘Flashy Trout Back’, ‘Green Forest’, ‘Green Towers’, ‘Jericho’, ‘Magenta’, and ‘Truchas’. Higher crispness, lower bitterness, higher overall texture, and higher overall flavor each correlated to higher marketability, regardless of cultivar, but the strongest predictor of marketability was overall flavor. Overall flavor and overall texture were more strongly correlated to marketability than bitterness and crispness, respectively, suggesting that broader sensory categories may better capture human sensory perceptions of lettuce than narrower categories. Cultivars ‘Aerostar’, ‘Monte Carlo’, ‘Nevada’, ‘Parris Island’, ‘Rex’, ‘Salvius’, and ‘Sparx’ performed well in a hot greenhouse and were preferred by consumers. This step-wise experiment could be an adaptable tool for determining highest performing cultivars under any given production constraint, without ignoring marketability.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document