scholarly journals M2: Mixed Models with Preferences, Popularities and Transitions for Next-Basket Recommendation

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Zhiyun Ren ◽  
Srinivasan Parthasarathy ◽  
Xia Ning
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models

scholarly journals 222 Partitioning of retained energy between protein and fat gain, and heat of product formation and support metabolism in growing beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Phillip A Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Metabolizable Energy Intake

Abstract Multiple linear regression inaccurately computes the efficiency of energy use for protein and fat gain. The objective was to quantify efficiency of metabolizable energy use for protein and fat gain along with heats of product formation and support metabolism. A literature search was performed to compile data (31 studies, 214 treatment means) on metabolizable energy intake (MEI) and composition of empty body gain in growing steers and heifers. Data analyses were performed using R statistical package for mixed models with study as random variable. Linear regression of MEI on energy gain (EG; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.627) resulted in an estimate of metabolizable energy for maintenance (MEm) of 156 kcal/kg.75 and efficiency of ME use for gain of 0.518. Linear regression of MEI on EG as protein and fat (P < 0.001; R2 = 0.623) resulted in an estimate of MEm of 149 kcal/kg.75, and efficiency of protein (kp) and fat (kf) gain of 0.274 and 0.585, respectively, resulting in an overall efficiency of EG of 0.520. Nonlinear regression model (EG = kg*(MEI-MEm)) resulted in an estimate of MEm of 103 kcal/kg.75 and efficiency of EG of 0.342. The heat of product formation was assumed to be 0.48 (1 – 0.52) and the heat of support metabolism (HiEv) 0.18 (0.52 – 0.34). Multivariate regression was used to fit simultaneous models for EG as protein (EGp = (kp+HiEvp)*k*MEA) and fat (EGf = (kf+(0.18-HiEvp))*(1-k)*MEA). Estimates (P < 0.001) of kp and kf were 0.12 ± 0.01 and 0.63 ± 0.02, and HiEvp and proportion of ME available for protein gain (k) were 0.11 ± 0.01 and 0.75 ± 0.01, respectively. The heat of product formation and support metabolism for protein were 0.77 and 0.11, and fat were 0.30 and 0.07, respectively. In conclusion, efficiency of ME use for protein was lesser than for fat gain, and heat of support metabolism was greater for protein than fat gain.

scholarly journals SAS for Mixed Models: Introduction and Basic Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
Christine R. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models

scholarly journals Clinical characterization of dysautonomia in long COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Barizien ◽  
Morgan Le Guen ◽  
Stéphanie Russel ◽  
Pauline Touche ◽  
Florent Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Index Changes ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Testing Group ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIncreasing numbers of COVID-19 patients, continue to experience symptoms months after recovering from mild cases of COVID-19. Amongst these symptoms, several are related to neurological manifestations, including fatigue, anosmia, hypogeusia, headaches and hypoxia. However, the involvement of the autonomic nervous system, expressed by a dysautonomia, which can aggregate all these neurological symptoms has not been prominently reported. Here, we hypothesize that dysautonomia, could occur in secondary COVID-19 infection, also referred to as “long COVID” infection. 39 participants were included from December 2020 to January 2021 for assessment by the Department of physical medicine to enhance their physical capabilities: 12 participants with COVID-19 diagnosis and fatigue, 15 participants with COVID-19 diagnosis without fatigue and 12 control participants without COVID-19 diagnosis and without fatigue. Heart rate variability (HRV) during a change in position is commonly measured to diagnose autonomic dysregulation. In this cohort, to reflect HRV, parasympathetic/sympathetic balance was estimated using the NOL index, a multiparameter artificial intelligence-driven index calculated from extracted physiological signals by the PMD-200 pain monitoring system. Repeated-measures mixed-models testing group effect were performed to analyze NOL index changes over time between groups. A significant NOL index dissociation over time between long COVID-19 participants with fatigue and control participants was observed (p = 0.046). A trend towards significant NOL index dissociation over time was observed between long COVID-19 participants without fatigue and control participants (p = 0.109). No difference over time was observed between the two groups of long COVID-19 participants (p = 0.904). Long COVID-19 participants with fatigue may exhibit a dysautonomia characterized by dysregulation of the HRV, that is reflected by the NOL index measurements, compared to control participants. Dysautonomia may explain the persistent symptoms observed in long COVID-19 patients, such as fatigue and hypoxia. Trial registration: The study was approved by the Foch IRB: IRB00012437 (Approval Number: 20-12-02) on December 16, 2020.

scholarly journals Salience-based object prioritization during active viewing of naturalistic scenes in young and older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Nuthmann ◽  
Immo Schütz ◽  
Wolfgang Einhäuser
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Visual Salience ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Image Patches

AbstractWhether fixation selection in real-world scenes is guided by image salience or by objects has been a matter of scientific debate. To contrast the two views, we compared effects of location-based and object-based visual salience in young and older (65 + years) adults. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the unique contribution of salience to fixation selection in scenes. When analysing fixation guidance without recurrence to objects, visual salience predicted whether image patches were fixated or not. This effect was reduced for the elderly, replicating an earlier finding. When using objects as the unit of analysis, we found that highly salient objects were more frequently selected for fixation than objects with low visual salience. Interestingly, this effect was larger for older adults. We also analysed where viewers fixate within objects, once they are selected. A preferred viewing location close to the centre of the object was found for both age groups. The results support the view that objects are important units of saccadic selection. Reconciling the salience view with the object view, we suggest that visual salience contributes to prioritization among objects. Moreover, the data point towards an increasing relevance of object-bound information with increasing age.

scholarly journals Discrimination and Protective Factors to Cognitive Health: Testing NIA’s Health Disparities Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 672-672
Author(s):  
Ernest Gonzales ◽  
Cliff Whetung ◽  
Jane Lee ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
Structural Inequities ◽  
Everyday Discrimination

Abstract Cognitive impairment is a worldwide epidemic. Informed by NIA’s Health Disparities Framework, this study investigated interpersonal, behavioral, and sociocultural risk and protective factors associated with cognitive health trajectories. Mixed models examined factors associated with cognitive health with data from the Health and Retirement Study among Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics (2008-2014, N=4,511). A majority of respondents who experienced everyday discrimination attributed it to ageism among this racially and ethnically diverse sample. Stratified mixed models of everyday discrimination by attribution (racism or ageism) revealed worse cognitive functioning. Major lifetime discrimination was not statistically associated with cognitive functioning. Economic factors (education, income, assets) and religious activity protected cognitive functioning and were particularly salient for Blacks and Hispanics. Strategies that bolster individual resilience as well as social policies that address discrimination and structural inequities will likely reduce health disparities and improve population health.

Changes in multiple sclerosis symptoms are associated with changes in work productivity of people living with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852199455
Author(s):  
Barnabas Bessing ◽  
Mohammad A Hussain ◽  
Suzi B Claflin ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Leigh Blizzard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Annual Change ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Study Participants

Background: While employment rates have increased in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), little is known about the longitudinal trends of work productivity. Objective: To describe the longitudinal patterns of work productivity and examine the factors associated with annual change of work productivity of PwMS. Methods: Study participants were employed participants of the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (AMSLS) followed from 2015 to 2019 with at least two repeated measures ( n = 2121). We used linear mixed models to examine if the within-individual variations in MS symptoms are associated with changes in work productivity. Results: The mean annual change in work productivity between 2015 and 2019 was −0.23% ( SD = 18.68%). Not the actual severity of symptoms but rather the changes in severity of symptoms that are associated with change in work productivity in the same year. In a multivariable model, every unit increase in mean annual change in ‘pain and sensory symptoms’, ‘feelings of anxiety and depression’, and ‘fatigue and cognitive symptoms’ were independently associated with 2.43%, 1.55% and 1.01% annual reductions in work productivity, respectively. Conclusion: Individual changes in work productivity are largely driven by the changes in symptom severity rather than the absolute severity. Stabilising/improving MS symptoms might improve work productivity.

scholarly journals Heat, Hills and the High Season: A Model-Based Comparative Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Factors Affecting Shared Bicycle Use in Three Southern European Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3274
Author(s):  
Suzanne Maas ◽  
Paraskevas Nikolaou ◽  
Maria Attard ◽  
Loukas Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Temporal Factors

Bicycle sharing systems (BSSs) have been implemented in cities worldwide in an attempt to promote cycling. Despite exhibiting characteristics considered to be barriers to cycling, such as hot summers, hilliness and car-oriented infrastructure, Southern European island cities and tourist destinations Limassol (Cyprus), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) and the Valletta conurbation (Malta) are all experiencing the implementation of BSSs and policies to promote cycling. In this study, a year of trip data and secondary datasets are used to analyze dock-based BSS usage in the three case-study cities. How land use, socio-economic, network and temporal factors influence BSS use at station locations, both as an origin and as a destination, was examined using bivariate correlation analysis and through the development of linear mixed models for each case study. Bivariate correlations showed significant positive associations with the number of cafes and restaurants, vicinity to the beach or promenade and the percentage of foreign population at the BSS station locations in all cities. A positive relation with cycling infrastructure was evident in Limassol and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, but not in Malta, as no cycling infrastructure is present in the island’s conurbation, where the BSS is primarily operational. Elevation had a negative association with BSS use in all three cities. In Limassol and Malta, where seasonality in weather patterns is strongest, a negative effect of rainfall and a positive effect of higher temperature were observed. Although there was a positive association between BSS use and the number of visiting tourists in Limassol and Malta, this is predominantly explained through the multi-collinearity with weather factors rather than by intensive use of the BSS by tourists. The linear mixed models showed more fine-grained results and explained differences in BSS use at stations, including differences for station use as an origin and as a destination. The insights from the correlation analysis and linear mixed models can be used to inform policies promoting cycling and BSS use and support sustainable mobility policies in the case-study cities and cities with similar characteristics.

scholarly journals StopWatch: Pilot study for an Apple Watch application for youth with ADHD

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205520762110012
Author(s):  
John E Leikauf ◽  
Carlos Correa ◽  
Andrew N Bueno ◽  
Vicente Peris Sempere ◽  
Leanne M Williams
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Youth With Adhd

Introduction To address the need for non-pharmacologic, scalable approaches for managing attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young people, we report the results of a study of an application developed for a wearable device (Apple Watch) that was designed to track movement and provide visual and haptic feedback for ADHD. Methods Six-week, open label pilot study with structured rating scales ADHD and semi-structured qualitative interview. Apple Watch software application given to users that uses actigraphy and graphic interface as well as haptic feedback to provide feedback to users about level of movement during periods of intentional focus. Linear mixed models to estimate trajectories. Results Thirty-two participants entered the study. This application was associated with improvement in ADHD symptoms over the 6 weeks of the study. We observed an ADHD-Rating Scale change of β = −1.2 units/week (95% CI = −0.56 to −1.88, F = 13.4, P = .0004). Conclusions These positive clinical outcomes highlight the promise of such wearable applications for ADHD and the need to pursue their further development.

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