Central Australian Aboriginal women's placental and neonatal outcomes following maternal smokeless tobacco, cigarette or no tobacco use

Abstract Background Outcomes related to maternal smoked tobacco (cigarette) use have been substantially examined over the past 50 years with resultant public health education targeted towards the reduction of use during pregnancy. However, worldwide the effects of maternal smokeless tobacco use have been less well explored and in Australia, there has been no examination of maternal outcomes in relation to the use of Australian Nicotiana spp. (tobacco plant) as a smokeless tobacco, colloquially known as pituri. The aim of this study is to describe the maternal outcomes of a group of central Australian Aboriginal women in relation to their self-reported tobacco use. Methods Eligible participants were > 18 years of age, with a singleton pregnancy, > 28 weeks gestation, and who planned to birth at the Alice Springs Hospital (the major regional hospital for central Australia, in the Northern Territory, Australia). The sample consisted of 73 conveniently recruited women categorized by tobacco-use status as no-tobacco users (n = 31), pituri chewers (n = 19), and smokers (n = 23). Results There were differences in the groups in relation to teenage pregnancies; 35% of no-tobacco users, compared with 5% of pituri users, and 13% of smokers were < 20 years of age. The chewers had a higher rate (48%) of combined pre-existing and pregnancy-related elevated glucose concentrations compared with smokers (22%) and no-tobacco users (16%).The pituri chewers had the lowest rate (14%) of clinically significant post-partum hemorrhage (> 1000 ml) compared with 22% of smokers and 36% of the no-tobacco users. Conclusions This is the first research to examine pituri use in pregnancy and the findings indicate possible associations with a range of adverse maternal outcomes. The use of smokeless tobacco needs to be considered in maternal healthcare assessment to inform antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care planning. Implications for public health Female smokeless tobacco use is a global phenomenon and is particularly prevalent in low and middle income countries and in Indigenous populations. The findings contribute to the developing knowledge around maternal smokeless tobacco use and maternal outcomes. Maternal screening for a broader range of tobacco and nicotine products is required. Note to readers In this research, the central Australian Aboriginal women chose the term ‘Aboriginal’ to refer to themselves, and ‘Indigenous’ to refer to the broader First Peoples. That choice has been maintained in the reporting of the research findings.

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Oregon 2009 BRFSS: Smokeless Tobacco Use

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e531122011-001 ◽

2013 ◽

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE BY SECONDARY STUDENTS IN A MEXICAN BORDERTOWN

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.82.3.1282-1282 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 1282

Author(s):

LINDA C. LOPEZ

Keyword(s):

Secondary Students ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use amongst adult population of Sunsari district, in Nepal

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01416-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

K. Goel ◽

S. Sharma ◽

D. D. Baral ◽

S. K. Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Adult Population ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Case Definition ◽

Current Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Significant Factors

Abstract Background Tobacco products are considered significant, but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors amongst the adult population of Sunsari district in eastern Nepal. Methods A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 adults were interviewed with a set of a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition provided by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis. Results The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45–65 years (AOR = 7.58, 95% CI 3.93–14.61), plaque accumulation (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02), smoking (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.36–7.27), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.12–4.61) and teeth loss (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.21–3.38) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion The prevalence of periodontitis is high in the surveyed rural adult population. Cigarette smoking along with the use of smokeless tobacco in the form of khaini were identified as significant factors associated with periodontitis.

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Smokeless tobacco use is a significant predictor of smoking when appropriately modeled

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1080/1462220031000118685 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 571-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Scott Tomar

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Assessing quality-adjusted years of life lost associated with exclusive cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use

Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106707 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106707

Author(s):

Xin Xu ◽

Leah Fiacco ◽

Brian Rostron ◽

Ghada Homsi ◽

Esther Salazar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Carotid and femoral atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein in relation to smokeless tobacco use or smoking in 58-year-old men

Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00917.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 250 (6) ◽

pp. 492-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

K. Wallenfeldt ◽

J. Hulthe ◽

L. Bokemark ◽

J. Wikstrand ◽

B. Fagerberg

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Old Men

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Smokeless Tobacco Use among Big Ten Wrestlers and Selected Associated Factors

Substance Use & Misuse ◽

10.3109/10826089709055858 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 369-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susan E. Hannam

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Big Ten ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Prevalence and Correlates of Snuff Use, and its Association With Tuberculosis, Among Women Living With HIV in South Africa

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/nty137 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 1087-1092 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jessica L Elf ◽

Ebrahim Variava ◽

Sandy Chon ◽

Limakatso Lebina ◽

Katlego Motlhaoleng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Potential Health ◽

Adjusted Analysis ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Urine Cotinine ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract Introduction A higher proportion of people living with HIV (PLWH) smoke compared to the general population, but little information exists about the prevalence and correlates of smokeless tobacco use among PLWH. In South Africa, dry powdered tobacco is inhaled nasally as snuff. Methods A cross-sectional survey among PLWH attending three HIV clinics was conducted. Snuff use was assessed via self-report and urine cotinine. Results Given the low (3%) prevalence of snuff use among men, analysis was restricted to n = 606 nonsmoking women living with HIV. Half (n = 298, 49%) were snuff users, the majority of whom (n = 244, 84%) had a positive urine cotinine test. In adjusted analysis, snuff use was negatively associated with higher education (relative risk [RR] 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39, 0.77) and mobile phone ownership (RR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.98), and positively associated with ever having tuberculosis (TB) (RR 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.45). In adjusted analysis, with current TB as the outcome, snuff use was marginally statistically significantly associated with a twofold increase in odds of a current TB diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.99; 95% CI: 0.98, 4.15). Discussion A high proportion of nonsmoking South African women living with HIV use snuff, which was a risk factor for TB. Additional research is needed to understand the relationship between snuff, TB, and other potential health risks. Implications PLWH have a higher prevalence of smoking than their seronegative peers, but there is a paucity of research on smokeless tobacco use in this population, especially in low-resource settings. TB is the leading cause of death among PLWH, and with improvements to HIV treatment and care, PLWH are at greater risk of tobacco-related diseases. We report an extremely high prevalence of snuff use among women living with HIV in South Africa. Further, in this population snuff use is positively associated with ever having a TB diagnosis, as well as currently having TB.

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