scholarly journals Exenatide once weekly improved glycaemic control, cardiometabolic risk factors and a composite index of an HbA1c < 7%, without weight gain or hypoglycaemia, over 52 weeks

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bergenstal ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
T. K. Booker Porter ◽  
C. Weaver ◽  
J. Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Improved Glycaemic Control

Abstract MP67: Lactation Duration and Subsequent Intima Media Thickness in Women During Midlife Controlling for Pre-pregnancy Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica P Gunderson ◽  
Cora E. Lewis ◽  
Xian Ning ◽  
Mark Pletcher ◽  
David Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lactation Duration

Background: Greater lactation duration has been associated with lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome, and self-reported type 2 diabetes and heart disease in women later in life. Two retrospective studies reported higher carotid artery intima-media thickness among parous women who never or inconsistently breastfed, but no clear association with duration. However, lactation history was recalled many years later and heart disease risk factors were not measured before pregnancy. We hypothesized that lactation duration has a graded inverse association with subclinical atherosclerosis in women during mid-life independent of pre-pregnancy cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: We examined 846 women (46% Black), aged 18-30 years at enrollment in 1985-1986 (baseline) in the biracial Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Women included delivered 1 or more live births from 1986-2005, had no history of heart disease or diabetes before pregnancies, and had maximum common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT, mm) measured in 2005-2006 at ages 38-50 years. Lactation duration was recalled within 1 to 4 years of delivery. We categorized women into four lactation groups according to cumulative duration for all post-baseline births; 0-<1 month (n=262), 1-<6 months (n=210), 6-10 months (n=169) and >10 months (n=205). Multiple linear regression models estimated mean ccIMT (95% CI) among lactation categories adjusted for pre-pregnancy cardiometabolic risk factors [BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), HDL-C, HOMA-IR], parity, socio-demographics (age, race, education), and smoking. We also assessed weight gain and change in SBP as mediators of the lactation and ccIMT association. Results: Increasing lactation duration showed a graded inverse association with mean ccIMT; differences between >10 months vs. 0<1 month groups ranged from -0.062 from the unadjusted model (p<0.001) and -0.029 from adjusted models (p=0.046) that included pre-pregnancy risk factors and other covariates. Weight gain and SBP change during the 20-year follow up slightly attenuated (~10%) the ccIMT-association with increased lactation duration. Conclusions: Greater lactation duration is associated with lower mean ccIMT independent of cardiometabolic risk factors measured before pregnancy, parity, socio-demographics and smoking. Lactation may have lasting favorable effects on cardiometabolic risk factors for heart disease.

scholarly journals The Impact of Nutritional and Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Karatzi ◽  
Kalliopi-Anna Poulia ◽  
Emilia Papakonstantinou ◽  
Antonis Zampelas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures taken by most countries to curb virus transmission, such as social distancing, distance learning, population, home confinement and disruption of all organized activities, has affected children and adolescents worldwide. The aim of this review was to assess the role of diet and lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 measures on body weight/composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. An electronic search was conducted in PUBMED, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and SCOPUS databases up to 31 October 2021. 15 eligible studies were identified. According to the studies included in the analysis, COVID-19 measures seem to have had a negative impact on the diets and lifestyles of children and adolescents, with a consequent increase in body weight and central fat accumulation. On the other hand, the parental presence and control resulted in better glycaemic control in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 1, but the effect of the pandemic in the glycaemic control of children with DM2 2 is controversial. Finally, diet and lifestyle changes had a differential impact on children’s hypertension prevalence. These findings point to the need for public policy measures to prevent obesity and its complications, to and improve diet and lifestyle during the continuing and yet unresolved COVID-19 epidemic.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal gestational weight gain on cardiometabolic risk factors in children

Diabetologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2539-2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia H. T. Tam ◽  
Ronald C. W. Ma ◽  
Lai Yuk Yuen ◽  
Risa Ozaki ◽  
Albert Martin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Effect of Four Weeks Dietary Intervention with 8-Hour Time-Restricted Eating on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2164
Author(s):  
Su-Jeong Park ◽  
Jae-Won Yang ◽  
Yoon-Ju Song
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Weight Loss Group

Recently, intermittent fasting, also known as time-restricted eating (TRE), has become a popular diet trend. Compared to animal studies, there have been few studies and inconclusive findings investigating the effects of TRE in humans. In this study, we examined the effects of 8 h TRE on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults who were mainly active at night. A total of 33 young adults completed the 8 h TRE for 4 weeks. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and every 2 weeks, and blood samples were collected at baseline and week 4. Daily dietary records were logged throughout the intervention period. Participants experienced significant changes in body weight (−1.0 ± 1.4 kg), body mass index (−0.4 ± 0.5 kg/m2), and body fat (−0.4 ± 1.9%) after 4 weeks of TRE. When participants were divided into weight loss/gain groups based on their weight change in week 4, fat mass reduction was significantly higher in the weight loss group than in the weight gain group. Regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, levels of fasting insulin and insulin resistance improved in the weight loss group after intervention, but not in the weight gain group. All subjects showed late-shifted sleeping patterns, but no significant differences in sleep duration, sleep quality, or psychological measures between the two groups. When meal frequency and energy proportion were evaluated, the average meal frequency was 2.8 ± 0.5 and energy proportions of breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks were 4.5, 39.2, 37.6, and 18.5%, respectively; there were no significant differences between the two groups. However, the saturated fat intake at dinner was lower in the weight loss group (3.1 ± 3.2%, 6.0 ± 2.5% respectively). In conclusion, 8 h TRE can be applied as a lifestyle strategy to manage body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors among young adults with late chronotypes.

Increased monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio in vitamin B12 deficiency: is it related to cardiometabolic risk?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sanem Kayhan ◽  
Nazli Gulsoy Kirnap ◽  
Mercan Tastemur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Group

Abstract. Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel cardiovascular marker. In this study, the aim was to evaluate whether MHR was high in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors. The study included 128 patients diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency and 93 healthy controls. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MHR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid levels compared with the controls (median 139 vs 115 mmHg, p < 0.001; 80 vs 70 mmHg, p < 0.001; 14.2 vs 9.5, p < 0.001; 10.2 vs 4 mg/dl p < 0.001; 6.68 vs 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in vitamin B12 deficiency group (43.8%) than the control group (8.6%) (p < 0.001). In vitamin B12 deficiency group, a positive correlation was detected between MHR and SBP, CRP and uric acid (p < 0.001 r:0.34, p < 0.001 r:0.30, p < 0.001 r:0.5, respectively) and a significant negative correlation was detected between MHR and T-CHOL, LDL, HDL and B12 (p < 0.001 r: −0.39, p < 0.001 r: −0.34, p < 0.001 r: −0.57, p < 0.04 r: −0.17, respectively). MHR was high in vitamin B12 deficiency group, and correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in this group, which were SBP, CRP, uric acid and HDL. In conclusion, MRH, which can be easily calculated in clinical practice, can be a useful marker to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.

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