Herbage accumulation dynamics in mixed pastures composed of kikuyugrass and tall fescue as affected by grazing management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Bernardon ◽  
Tiago Miqueloto ◽  
Fábio Luis Winter ◽  
Cauby Medeiros Neto ◽  
André Fischer Sbrissia
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Grazing Management

MANAGEMENT OF NEW CULTIVARS FOR DRYLAND

1983 ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Lancashire ◽  
J.L. Brock
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
New Cultivars

Some characteristics of seed quality, establishment rates, performance in mixtures and response to grazing management of 5 new pasture plants with potential in dryland are described. On a dry hill country site in the Wairarapa, the contribution of the sown grasses established in separate plots with clovers under rotational grazing was 'Grasslands Wana' cocksfoot 65%; 'Grasslands Maru' phalaris 23%; 'Grasslands Matua' prairie grass 22%; and 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue 13% after 2 years. The other main grass species was resident perennial ryegrass which established from buried seed (ca. 240 plants/m*) and had a major impact on the establishment and growth of the sown grasses. On a seasonally dry Manawatu flat land soil 3 grazing managementsviz. set stocked all year (S); rotational all year (R); and combination (Cl (set stocked from lambing to drafting and rotational for the remainder of the year) were applied to mixtures of the new cultivars (except that 'Grasslands Apanui' cocksfoot replaced Wana) with ryegrass and white clover stocked at 20 sheep/ha. After 3 years the contribution of the new cultivars was negligible under S and ryegrass was dominant. The R pastures became cocksfoot dominant and Matua (in winter) and chicory (in summer) contributed more than in the S system. The C system produced the most evenly balanced species contribution with only Roa remaining at (5%. A sub-trial with cocksfoot cultivars demonstrated that Wana maintained better production and tiller density ~ll,000/m2 ) than Apanui (1000/m' ) under set stocking IS). Although some of the new cultivars will require specialised management procedures to fulfil their potential in dryland, the increasing and widespread use of Matua prairie grass in farming suggests that these techniques can be adopted in commercial agriculture provided good technical information is available in a management package when the cultivar is released. Keywords: Dryland, grazing management, mixtures, Matua prairie grass, Wana cocksfoot, Roa tall fescue, Maru phalaris, Chicory

Fall-Grazing Management Effects on Production and Persistence of Tall Fescue, Perennial Ryegrass, and Prairie Grass

jpa ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Hall ◽  
P. J. Levan ◽  
E. H. Cash ◽  
H. W. Harpster ◽  
S. L. Fales
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Management Effects

Canopy structure of mixed kikuyugrass–tall fescue pastures in response to grazing management

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
Tiago Miqueloto ◽  
Fábio Luís Winter ◽  
Angela Bernardon ◽  
Hactus Souto Cavalcanti ◽  
Cauby Medeiros Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Grazing Management

scholarly journals Demonstration of dryland species on 90 east coast North Island farms

1993 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
G.D. Milne ◽  
S.C. Moloney ◽  
D.R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
The North ◽  
Animal Growth ◽  
Direct Drilling

A drought pasture demonstration programme was established on the east coast of the North Island, between 1990 and 1992. Dryland pasture species were established on 1500 ha, on 91 farms, to encourage other farmers to use them rather than relying totally on perennial ryegrass. 97% of pastures were established successfully, proving to farmers that dryland pasture species can be established reliably. As well as establishing pastures after cultivation, it was also proven that these species can be reliably established by direct drilling, or by oversowing onto hill country, using techniques developed in this programme. Some farmers monitored the amount of grazing obtained from the new pastures, and found that on average they received 112% more grazing annually than resident pastures, the largest increases occurring in summer. Many farmers also reported better animal growth rates on the new pastures, especially in summer and autumn. Monitoring of species presence in tiller cores has shown the sown species to be persisting well to date (Nov 1992), with the exceptions of tall fescue and grazing brome when sown onto hill country. The programme reinforced factors important in the establishment and grazing management of dryland pastures. The programme has brought about a noticeable change in attitude to dryland species, and seed sales have increased markedly while ryegrass sales have decreased. Keywords: Cichorium intybus, Dactylis glomerata, drought, Festuca arundinacea, demonstration, dryland pasture establishment

Pasture persistence: farmer observations and field measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
K.N. Tozer ◽  
C.A. Cameron ◽  
E.R. Thom
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Farmer Perceptions ◽  
Farmer Survey

Information is presented on farmer perceptions and concerns regarding key factors leading to poor persistence of sown pasture species. Forty-seven farmers from four regions viz. Northland (beef, sheep), Waikato (dairy), Taranaki (dairy) and North Canterbury (beef, sheep, deer) were asked for their opinions on the 'keys' to persistence and 'killers' of sown species; i.e., factors leading to a decline in sown species. In all regions, grazing management was perceived to be the most important key to persistence and insect pests the top killer of sown species. Better industry dissemination of existing information and further research on forage herbs and insect pest issues are future requirements. In each region, presence of sown species was also assessed in 30 paddocks belonging to the surveyed farmers. There was a significant decline in pasture chicory presence, but no decline in that of cocksfoot or plantain. Ryegrass, white clover and tall fescue were present in nearly all paddocks in which they were sown. Chicory may be best used as a crop, while plantain shows greater potential for persistence as part of a pasture mix. Keywords: chicory; farmer survey; information gaps; plantain; research needs

Morphology of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) plants in pastures under sheep and cattle grazing

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. HUME ◽  
J. L. BROCK
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
The Difference

The effects of contrasting management systems either of infrequent rotational grazing by town milk supply dairy cattle, or of frequent defoliation by continuously grazing sheep and beef cattle, on the morphology of independent plants and populations of ‘Grasslands Roa’ tall fescue in mixed pastures, were measured over 1 year (1992/93) in New Zealand. Volunteer perennial ryegrass plants were also measured for comparison.While both species exhibited a similar pattern of clonal growth, tall fescue developed more plants of higher branching complexity than perennial ryegrass, chiefly through maintaining more connective stems, as herbage production was confined to the three youngest branching orders in both species. Greater resistance to microbial degradation of old stems through poorer quality organic matter (wide C[ratio ]N ratio) compared to perennial ryegrass may be responsible for the greater complexity of fescue plants. In addition, tillering rates in tall fescue were three times lower which was offset by greater longevity and size of leaves and tillers, compared to perennial ryegrass. As a result, seasonal fluctuation in the distribution of plants among the various branching orders in tall fescue was small, producing a more stable population relative to the distinct seasonal changes in the population of perennial ryegrass plants. Grazing management had no effect on the seasonal population structure in either species.Differences in plant structure due to grazing management were small, with only slightly more tillers on sheep-grazed than on cattle-grazed tall fescue plants. The major effect of grazing management was on dry weight or size of plant components. Cattle-grazed tall fescue plants were 120% heavier, with greater numbers and lengths of stolons and flower heads than those under sheep grazing. For the volunteer perennial ryegrass, the difference was only 65%, possibly due to competition from the more vigorous tall fescue under rotational cattle grazing.Both species produced stolons throughout the year, although these were primarily associated with reproductive growth in spring. In tall fescue, an additional distinction was made between stolon and rhizome, the latter occurring mainly in the summer–autumn. Their possible functions in plant growth are discussed.

scholarly journals OVERSOWN GRASSES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT ON SOUTHLAND HILL COUNTRY

1985 ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cd Meurk ◽  
J.D. Turner
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Pasture Yield

Infertile hill country grasslands are a vastly under-utilised pastoral resource in New Zealand. Three years of trial results on this class of land in eastern Southland are summarised. Five grasses (Grasslands Nui ryegrass, Wana cocksfoot, Matua prairie grass, Roa tall fescue and Maru phalaris) were oversown together with Huia white clover and subterranean clover. These were compared with a resident pasture, all under two fertility levels and two rotational grazing managements, and with unimproved pasture. The use of fertiliser and rotational grazing doubled the productivity of the unimproved rangeland to ca. 10,500 kg DMlhalyear. The addition of white clover increased yield to 12,000 kg, and improved grasses increased this further to 14,000 kg. Keywords: agronomy, fertiliser, grasses, grazing management, hill country, oversowing, pasture composition, pasture yield.

scholarly journals Animal and Pasture Responses to Grazing Management of Chemically Suppressed Tall Fescue in Mixed Pastures

Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2861-2869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Williamson ◽  
Glen E. Aiken ◽  
Ernest S. Flynn ◽  
Michael Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Grazing Management
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