Physical, chemical, and oxidative changes in raw peanuts: Effect of relative humidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajing Guo ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Kunlun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Physical Chemical

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE LARANJA PÊRA APÓS ARMAZENAMENTO COM ETILENO

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JORGE JOSÉ DO VALE OLIVEIRA ◽  
MARIA CECÍLIA DE FIGUEIREDO TOLEDO ◽  
JOSÉ MARIA MONTEIRO SIGRIST ◽  
KATUMI YOTSUYANAGI ◽  
IVÂNIA ATHIÉ
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Orange Fruit

Laranjas da variedade Pêra, previamente armazenadas durante três dias, com e sem etileno foram pulverizadas com Imazalil, Tiabendazol e a mistura de ambos, formulados ou não com cera. Em seguida, foram mantidas durante 25 dias a 4ºC ± 2ºC/90% ± 5% de umidade relativa, sendo avaliados parâmetros de qualidade da laranja, antes e ao final do armazenamento. Com exceção do atributo cor não ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos demais parâmetros químicos e físico-químicos, independente da exposição ao etileno. O etileno foi eficiente no desverdecimento de laranjas, sem comprometer seus atributos de qualidade, e o tratamento posterior com cera contribuiu para manter inalterado o padrão de cor obtido. EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF PÊRA ORANGE FRUIT AFTER STORAGE IN ETHYLENE Abstract Oranges of the variety Pêra previously stored during three days with and without ethylene were sprayed with Imazalil, Thiabendazole and a mixture of both fungicides, formulated with and without wax. Following this treatment the fruits were stored during 25 days at 4ºC ± 2ºC / 90% ± 5% of relative humidity, parameters related to orange quality were evaluated before and after the storage period. With exception of the attribute color, no significative statistically differences were observed in the chemical and physical-chemical parameters, independent of the exposure to ethylene. The ethylene was effective for the degreening of orange with no action on the quality parameters. The further treatment with wax contributed to maintain the pattern of colour unchanged.

scholarly journals Effects of Humidity on the Dissolution Profiles of Controlled Release Theophylline Matrix Tablets Containing Release Enhancers Prepared By Melt Granulation and Coacervation Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1567
Author(s):  
J.A. Avbunudiogba
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Melt Granulation

The quantity of moisture present in tablets plays a major role in influencing the physical/chemical properties of tablets especially dissolution profiles. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of relative humidity on the dissolution profiles of controlled release  theophylline matrix tablets containing release enhancer prepared by melt granulation and simple coacervation techniques. Sucrose and  microcrystalline cellulose at concentration of 3% w/w, 5% w/w, 7.5% w/w, and 10% w/w were included in the blends as release enhancers before compression into nondisintegrating matrix tablets. Resulting tablets were exposed to 0% and 75% relative humidity. Sample were withdrawn at 0, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months and evaluated for cumulative drug release. Interactions were investigated using modern technology: Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Initial and maximum release were increased after exposure to 75% relative humidity. There was no drug – excipients interaction. Thus moisture increased theophylline release from both sets of tablets prepared by melt granulation and simple coacervation techniques. Keywords: Theophylline, Matrix tablets, Dissolution profiles, Release enhancers, Relative humidity

scholarly journals Effect of Type of Curing and Metakaolin Replacement on Air Lime Mortars for the Durability of Masonries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
João Monteiro ◽  
Vitor Silva ◽  
Paulina Faria
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
Hardened Properties

The interest in restoration and maintenance of old masonries towards their durability is nowadays combined with the concept of sustainability and the need to implement more suitable materials for building heritage interventions. This has led to the importance of having a better knowledge of air lime mortars, namely on the effect of pozzolanic additions, curing conditions and evolution at early stages. This study consisted in the characterization of mortars based on hydrated air lime and sand, with 1:2 (lime:sand) volumetric composition, with different weight percentages of substitution of lime by metakaolin (Mk): 0%, 10% and 20%. Mortar prisms were analyzed in three different curing environments: maritime (by the Atlantic Ocean), in laboratory humidity (95 ± 5% relative humidity, RH) and standard (65 ± 5% RH) conditioning. Tests were conducted to evaluate fresh and hardened properties of mortars, considering physical, chemical and mechanical performance at 28, 90 and 180 days. Results showed the viability of applying air lime-Mk mortars with curing conditions similar to the tested ones. In the standard curing, the mortar with 20% Mk revealed advantages in mechanical parameters. Concerning the behaviour towards water, improvements were shown at an early stage with the humid curing, while maritime curing benefited its behaviour for at least up to 6 months.

The effects of time and relative humidity on dry-aged beef: Traditional versus special bag

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322097648
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Da Silva Bernardo ◽  
Astrid Caroline Muniz Da Silva ◽  
Felipe Marinelli Saraiva Ferreira ◽  
Maristela Da Silva Do Nascimento ◽  
Sérgio Bertelli Pflanzer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Mold And Yeast

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of relative humidity (RH) and different dry aging methods on the quality of beef. Sixteen loins, from eight carcasses, were used in this experiment. Each pair of loin was cut into eight sections with equal size, which were evenly assigned to eight treatments, by the combination of two dry aging methods (traditional and highly moisture-permeable special bag), two relative humidity (65 and 85% RH) and two aging times (21 and 42 days). At 85% RH, neither special bag nor the traditional dry aging methods were viable, since samples presented high microbiological counts, mucus and bad odor. At 65% RH, Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria were not detected in any treatment. The highest aerobic plate count and psychrotrophic count were observed in the samples of the traditional dry-aged process whereas the special bag showed the greatest mold and yeast count. Regarding dry aging in special bag, there was a reduction in the weight loss ( P < 0.05) and no change in the physical-chemical characteristics ( P > 0.05) compared to traditional dry aging. The values of pH, moisture and Warner-Bratzler shear force were not affected ( P > 0.05) by aging method and relative humidity. Thus, the results indicate that high RH should be avoided for both dry aging methods. Furthermore, the special bag dry aging can be considered an alternative to produce dry-aged beef, as it reduces weight losses even at conditions of lower relative humidity.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Protein Macromolecules

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
Henry S. Slayter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Transmission Electron

Electron microscopic methods have been applied increasingly during the past fifteen years, to problems in structural molecular biology. Used in conjunction with physical chemical methods and/or Fourier methods of analysis, they constitute powerful tools for determining sizes, shapes and modes of aggregation of biopolymers with molecular weights greater than 50, 000. However, the application of the e.m. to the determination of very fine structure approaching the limit of instrumental resolving power in biological systems has not been productive, due to various difficulties such as the destructive effects of dehydration, damage to the specimen by the electron beam, and lack of adequate and specific contrast. One of the most satisfactory methods for contrasting individual macromolecules involves the deposition of heavy metal vapor upon the specimen. We have investigated this process, and present here what we believe to be the more important considerations for optimizing it. Results of the application of these methods to several biological systems including muscle proteins, fibrinogen, ribosomes and chromatin will be discussed.

Seeking to uncover biology's chemical roots

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addy Pross
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Systems Chemistry ◽  
Biological World ◽  
Inanimate Matter ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Opening Up

Despite the considerable advances in molecular biology over the past several decades, the nature of the physical–chemical process by which inanimate matter become transformed into simplest life remains elusive. In this review, we describe recent advances in a relatively new area of chemistry, systems chemistry, which attempts to uncover the physical–chemical principles underlying that remarkable transformation. A significant development has been the discovery that within the space of chemical potentiality there exists a largely unexplored kinetic domain which could be termed dynamic kinetic chemistry. Our analysis suggests that all biological systems and associated sub-systems belong to this distinct domain, thereby facilitating the placement of biological systems within a coherent physical/chemical framework. That discovery offers new insights into the origin of life process, as well as opening the door toward the preparation of active materials able to self-heal, adapt to environmental changes, even communicate, mimicking what transpires routinely in the biological world. The road to simplest proto-life appears to be opening up.

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