How does outmigration behaviour cascade within the community of origin? A socio‐historical approach to migrant network analysis using the Philippines case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey Duldulao Tabuga
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Marshall

Today’s Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which came to power in 1949, continues to recognize religion and Christianity as part of the dominant Western culture, and as the means to establish relationships and promote religion and culture. When faced with a moral or ethical dilemma the CCP looks to a Confucian past for traditions just as the Canadian state draws on the Protestant and Catholic cultures of its so-called founding peoples. The Chinese state has additionally attempted to manage religious engagement by propping up select Buddhist temples and working through grassroots personal webs of connection to household religious altars, enshrined deities, and communal practices. In China and in Canada, states claim neutrality but in both cases and for different reasons religion is treated as culture. The paper’s ethno-historical approach draws on over 15 years of fieldwork and historical research throughout the Chinese cultural sphere (China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, the Philippines, and Canada). Looking across histories and nations it traces state governance in China and Canada, webs of connections, and personal interactions that have shaped religious identities and the resurgence of Chinese temple life and select religious cults.


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Nattapong Jantachalobon ◽  
Pongtana Vanichkobchinda ◽  
Nanthi Suthikarnnarunai

This research is a methodology to measure the position of hub airports in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this research was to measure the number of indirect connecting flights in ASEAN. The documents used for this research were the statistics of annual reports between 2003 and 2012 of ten airports. Four methods of analysis were used: Netscan model, Concentration ratio, Herfindahl-Hirschman index, and Comprehensive concentration index. Market share in ASEAN airports is dominated by five big companies: Suvarnabhumi International Airport (BKK) in Thailand, Changi International Airport (SIN) in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KUL) in Malaysia, Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL) in the Philippines and Sugarno Hatta International Airport (CGK) in Indonesia. The first three are of these airports are major hubs for the ASEAN region. The analysis presented in this research may be helpful for airports or airlines in identifying their network performance and position in relation to their competition.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Faulkner ◽  
Apollo Nkwake ◽  
Nancy Wallace ◽  
Alejandra Bonifaz

Purpose Operating in both traditional schools and alternative learning systems (ALS) requires organizations to have a strong understanding of what drives the cultural acceptance of violence and the capacity of the local populace to find peaceful solutions. This paper explores the results from a formative social network analysis (SNA) study on out-of-school youth (OSY) in the Philippines for educational programming in crisis settings. SNA views relationships in terms of nodes and ties – nodes are the individual actors in networks, and ties are the relationships between the actors. As part of a process evaluation, SNA can shed light into the “black box” of how and why people and groups interact. Design/methodology/approach Study data came from a survey of 1,006 youth between the ages of 18–24, in a cluster-randomized sample from eight municipalities in Mindanao, Philippines. The survey captured information on demographics, acceptance of violence, resilience and the relationships between youth/voluntary organizations, as well as between youth/trusted contacts (“alters”). These data were transformed into findings using both descriptive techniques and regression analysis. Findings This paper finds that among Mindanao youth, the patterns connecting OSY with organizations, trusted contacts, acceptance of violence and resilience are extremely complex. The evidence paints a picture of OSY who are disconnected with institutional support, largely confined to their barangays (villages/neighborhoods) and surrounded by people who have overlapping roles as neighbors, relatives and friends. The analysis fails to outline a single, unified picture and instead reveals a tapestry of disparate points. More abstractly, SNA as a methodology captures a unique slice of the complexity of youths’ lives and how aspects of this complexity evince the need for more effort to be put into adapting OSY programming to local conditions. The results also support previous research highlighting how push and pull factors combine in uniquely individual ways that defy general demographic patterns. Demographic variables, for example, explain little of the variation in youths’ perceptions of violence and resilience, despite the strong significance of gender, age and urban/rural residence in most models. Variables for ethnicity and religion, in contrast, generally did not significantly influence acceptance of violence or perceived resilience. Social implications From the constellation of findings, this study posits the following conclusions: regarding future development projects, practitioners can use SNA to better understand the complex patterns of influence on OSY at the community level. There is still ample opportunity to broaden and deepen institutional engagement with Mindanao’s OSY population. Programs hoping to involve OSY should expect to dedicate special time, attention and resources to their recruitment, education and training. Regarding the design of interventions, programs focusing on mitigating or addressing violence/violent extremism should acknowledge the complexity of social networks. Education programs should thus be explicit about specific desired outcomes, elaborating how they intend to mitigate which types of violence and under what circumstances for which subgroups of youth. Originality/value Regarding future research and evaluation, the study demonstrates how SNA, as an innovative monitoring and evaluation method, can map and measure human and organizational relationships, both visually and mathematically. The suite of methods under the SNA umbrella deserve greater attention and use by those seeking to learn about what works in providing quality educational services in crisis settings.


2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. S27
Author(s):  
Teodoro Javier Herbosa

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Gomha ◽  
Khaled Z. Sheir ◽  
Saeed Showky ◽  
Khaled Madbouly ◽  
Emad Elsobky ◽  
...  

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