Distribution of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), an alien invasive weed species threatening the biodiversity of Islamabad

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASAD SHABBIR ◽  
RUKHSANA BAJWA
Keyword(s):  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Parthenium Weed

Competition dynamics of Parthenium hysterophorus in direct-seeded aerobic rice fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. Bajwa ◽  
Aman Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan ◽  
Steve Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Parthenium Weed

AbstractParthenium hysterophorus is a prolific invasive weed species, which infests many crops in over 40 countries around the world. A 2-year field study was carried out to quantify the potential impacts of this weed on direct-seeded rice. Parthenium weed was allowed to compete for 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks after crop emergence, while full season weedy and weed-free plots were maintained as controls. Parthenium weed plants grew taller and attained more biomass as the competition duration prolonged. The yield and yield-related attributes of rice were negatively affected with increasing competition duration. The season-long competition caused the highest reductions in panicle number (28–34%), panicle length (26–27%), grains per panicle (22–23%) and grain yield (33 and 38%) of rice in both years. Weed competition for 2–8 weeks caused 5–34% and 6–33% losses in rice grain yield during both years, respectively. Importantly, Parthenium weed control after 8 weeks of competition did not improve rice yield significantly. The results suggested that Parthenium weed should be controlled in rice fields between 4 and 8 weeks after crop emergence under direct-seeded conditions to avoid over 10% yield losses.

scholarly journals Managing an Invasive Weed Species, Parthenium hysterophorus, with Suppressive Plant Species in Australian Grasslands

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Amalia Belgeri ◽  
Ali Ahsan Bajwa ◽  
Asad Shabbir ◽  
Sheldon Navie ◽  
Gabrielle Vivian-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Parthenium Weed ◽  
Total Diversity

Parthenium weed has been invading native and managed Australian grasslands for almost 40 years. This study quantified the potential of selected plant mixtures to suppress the growth of parthenium weed and followed their response to grazing and their impact upon plant community diversity. The first mixture consisted of predominantly introduced species including Rhodes grass, Bisset bluegrass, butterfly pea and green panic. This mixture produced biomass rapidly and showed tolerance to weed species other than parthenium weed. However, the mixture was unable to suppress the growth of parthenium weed. The second mixture of predominantly native pasture species (including forest bluegrass, Queensland bluegrass, Buffel grass and siratro) produced biomass relatively slowly, but eventually reached the same biomass production as the first mixture 12 weeks after planting. This mixture suppressed parthenium weed re-establishment by 78% compared to the control treatment. Its tolerance to the invasion of other weed species and the maintenance of forage species evenness was also superior. The total diversity was five times higher for the mixture communities as compared to the plant community in the control treatment. Therefore, using the suppressive pasture mixtures may provide an improved sustainable management approach for parthenium weed in grasslands.

scholarly journals A Mystic Weed, Parthenium hysterophorus: Threats, Potentials and Management

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1514
Author(s):  
H. M. Khairul Bashar ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Muhammad Saiful Ahmad-Hamdani ◽  
Md Kamal Uddin ◽  
Norhayu Asib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Potential Applications

Parthenium hysterophorus is an invasive weed species that competes aggressively with other plants and is also allelopathic. It poses a significant risk to human health, livestock, the environment, soil, and agriculture. However, given some clinical studies, its potential for antidiabetic, antioxidant, antitumor, herbicidal, pesticidal, and antimalarial therapies should be researched further in attempts to discover more relevant applications. It can be used as a nutrient-dense, readily available, and cheap fertilizer. Parthenium can also be used as an herbicide, an insecticide, and a phyto-remedial mediator to extract metals and dyes from agricultural waste. Here we provide basic information on the morphology, reproduction, environmental impacts, and management of this species. Effects of methanol, ethanol, hexane, acetone, and aqueous (water) Parthenium extracts are described. Because P. hysterophorus is said to be one of the world’s seven worst weeds, some control measures, including mechanical, chemical, cultural, and biological control, are discussed. The allelopathy of this weed is difficult to regulate, and there are both positive and negative interactions between Parthenium and other species due to allelochemical action. Several toxic phenolic compounds produced by P. hysterophorus are responsible for weed suppression, and we discuss details of their mode of action and potential applications.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Malaysian Parthenium hysterophorus under Various Environmental Variables

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 856
Author(s):  
Rabiatuladawiyah Ruzmi ◽  
Anis Fadzilah Muhammad Akhir ◽  
Masilamany Dilipkumar ◽  
Uma Rani Sinniah ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Soil Moisture Condition ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ecological Behavior ◽  
Parthenium Weed

Parthenium weed is an invasive weed species of economic importance worldwide. Native to the American tropics, the infestation ability of Parthenium weed to a new habitat is largely influenced by environmental factors. Despite Parthenium weed invasion in Malaysia dated back to 2013, investigation on its ecological behavior is still lacking. Hence, extensive studies on the ecological behavior of two predominant Malaysian Parthenium weed populations were executed. In the Petri dish seed bioassay, germination of Parthenium weed seeds was evident at temperatures up to 80 °C. Parthenium weed was also germinable in saline condition of up to 250 mM, osmotic pressure ranging from −1.2 to 0 MPa, and a wide range of pH (4–9), thus these abiotic conditions are by no means the limiting factors for the Parthenium weed. The pot trial observed that this invasive weed grew readily in various Malaysian soil textures. Parthenium weed successfully emerged from 0 cm to not beyond 2 cm soil burial and retained its emergence capacity under different submergence periods in water. The most favorable soil moisture condition for Parthenium weed emergence was saturated (0 kPa), followed by field capacity (−30–−50 kPa), while no emergence occurred in drought (−70 kPa) as well as flooded soils. These indicate that both Parthenium weed populations possess high tolerance to various abiotic conditions in Malaysia. Results obtained in the current study have crucially become guidelines for the local government authorities in predicting wide spread of Parthenium weed in diverse ecological zones, to further manage this pernicious weed efficiently.

scholarly journals Distribution and Biology of the Invasive Weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maor Matzrafi ◽  
Hagai Raz ◽  
Baruch Rubin ◽  
Tuvia Yaacoby ◽  
Hanan Eizenberg
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
High Light ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Parthenium Weed

Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) (Asteraceae; Heliantheae) is an invasive allergenic species that has invaded many countries worldwide, probably through an imported pasture, grain seeds, and livestock feed. In recent years, there has been increasing concern about the spread of the invasive P. hysterophorus in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats across Israel. In addition, as P. hysterophorus is a quarantine plant; any contaminated produce exported will be rejected by the European market. The current study aims to document the current distribution and invasiveness status of P. hysterophorus in Israel. Moreover, we aimed to study the life cycle and biology of P. hysterophorus. In this research, we detected invasion reports to new areas and habitats in the Jezreel valley, the Jordan valley, and the Mediterranean coastal plain. Studying the biology of the weed, we found that optimal temperatures for seed germination are between 15 and 25°C. We observed that P. hysterophorus seeds are able to emerge from a depth of 0–3 cm only. P. hysterophorus thrives under high light intensities. Our results show that under induced shading of 60 and 90%, a significant reduction in biomass, height, and a number of flowers per plant were observed. Studying the biology and phenology of P. hysterophorus is a crucial step in the path to develop an integrated management program aimed to reduce the further spread and negative impacts by P. hysterophorus.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on the Management of the Invasive Weed Solanum rostratum Dunal (Solanaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Jackline Abu-Nassar ◽  
Maor Matzrafi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Solanum Rostratum ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Late Growth

Solanum rostratum Dunal is an invasive weed species that invaded Israel in the 1950s. The weed appears in several germination flashes, from early spring until late summer. Recently, an increase in its distribution range was observed, alongside the identification of new populations in the northern part of Israel. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbicide application for the control of S. rostratum using two field populations originated from the Golan Heights and the Jezreel Valley. While minor differences in herbicide efficacy were recorded between populations, plant growth stage had a significant effect on herbicide response. Carfentrazone-ethyl was found to be highly effective in controlling plants at both early and late growth stages. Metribuzin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen and tembutrione showed reduced efficacy when applied at later growth stage (8–9 cm height), as compared to the application at an early growth stage (4–5 cm height). Tank mixes of oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen with different concentrations of surfactant improved later growth stage plant control. Taken together, our study highlights several herbicides that can improve weed control and may be used as chemical solutions alongside diversified crop rotation options. Thus, they may aid in preventing the spread and further buildup of S. rostratum field populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document