Bioactive Molecules from Ciliates: Structure, Activity, and Applicative Potential

Marine bioresources produce a great variety of specific and potent bioactive molecules including natural organic compounds such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, polyether, peptides, proteins, and enzymes. Lectins are also one of the promising candidates for useful therapeutic agents because they can recognize the specific carbohydrate structures such as proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, resulting in the regulation of various cells via glycoconjugates and their physiological and pathological phenomenon through the host-pathogen interactions and cell-cell communications. Here, we review the multiple lectins from marine resources including fishes and sea invertebrate in terms of their structure-activity relationships and molecular evolution. Especially, we focus on the unique structural properties and molecular evolution of C-type lectins, galectin, F-type lectin, and rhamnose-binding lectin families.

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Synthesis, applications and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of cinnamic acid derivatives: a review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. e28010111691

Author(s):

Saraliny Bezerra França ◽

Paulo Ricardo dos Santos Correia ◽

Ilton Barros Daltro de Castro ◽

Edeildo Ferreira da Silva Júnior ◽

Maria Ester de Sá Barreto Barros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cinnamic Acid ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Structure Activity Relationship ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Activity Relationship ◽

Cinnamic Acid Derivatives ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Synthetic Routes ◽

Synthetic Methodologies ◽

Pharmacologically Active

The article aims to analyze the progress of the evolution of cinnamic acid derivatives through a bibliographic review, describing the main synthetic routes in obtaining this class, as well as remarkable biological applications and application of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) as a strategy for design pharmacologically active molecules. The methodology used consists of reading and analyzing articles, whose approach is descriptive, with data being collected regarding the therapeutic potential of derivatives of cinnamic acid and its relationship with structural scaffolding, as well as the most widely used synthetic approaches. As a result, it was observed that cinnamic acid and its derivatives from natural sources can be synthesized in appreciable quantities with varied synthetic routes, as well as being candidates for therapeutic agents, since they have several therapeutic applications against diabetes, infectious and degenerative diseases, among others, in addition to presenting activity such as pest control, which has attracted the attention of academic and industrial researchers. These compounds are highly versatile since their activity is intrinsically associated with the mode of interaction between the structure and its molecular target. However, in nature they are obtained in small quantities, therefore, the development of new approaches of synthetic methodologies to obtain such compounds in substantial quantities and linked to medicinal chemistry can contribute to the development of very effective bioactive molecules in comparison with their precursors.

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Emerging Marine Immunomodulatory Small-molecules (2010- Present)

Current Chemical Biology ◽

10.2174/2212796813666190716102614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 187-196

Author(s):

Ran Li ◽

Yu-Cheng Gu ◽

Wen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Marine Natural Products ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Structure Activity Relationships ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Unique Source

Background: Immunomodulation-based therapy has achieved a breakthrough in the last decade, which stimulates the passion of searching for potential immunomodulatory substances in recent years. Objective: Marine natural products are a unique source of immunomodulatory substances. This paper summarized the emerging marine natural small-molecules and related synthesized derivatives with immunomodulatory activities to provide readers an overview of these bioactive molecules and their potential in immunomodulation therapy. Conclusion: An increasing number of immunomodulatory marine small-molecules with diverse intriguing structure-skeletons were discovered. They may serve as a basis for further studies of marine natural products for their chemistry, related mechanism of action and structure- activity relationships.

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Structural/Functional Matches and Divergences of Phytoprostanes and Phytofurans with Bioactive Human Oxylipins

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox7110165 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sonia Medina ◽

Ángel Gil-Izquierdo ◽

Thierry Durand ◽

Federico Ferreres ◽

Raúl Domínguez-Perles

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

High Throughput ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Activity Relationship ◽

Experimental Demonstration ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Plant Foods ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Analytical Approaches

Structure-activity relationship (SAR) constitutes a crucial topic to discover new bioactive molecules. This approach initiates with the comparison of a target candidate with a molecule or a collection of molecules and their attributed biological functions to shed some light in the details of one or more SARs and subsequently using that information to outline valuable application of the newly identified compounds. Thus, while the empiric knowledge of medicinal chemistry is critical to these tasks, the results retrieved upon dedicated experimental demonstration retrieved resorting to modern high throughput analytical approaches and techniques allow to overwhelm the constraints adduced so far to the successful accomplishment of such tasks. Therefore, the present work reviews critically the evidences reported to date on the occurrence of phytoprostanes and phytofurans in plant foods, and the information available on their bioavailability and biological activity, shedding some light on the expectation waken up due to their structural similarities with prostanoids and isoprostanes.

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