Efficacy and safety of two hyaluronic acid fillers with different injection depths for the correction of moderate‐to‐severe nasolabial folds: A 52‐week, prospective, randomized, double‐blinded study in a Chinese population

Author(s):  
Yifan Hu ◽  
Zhiyu Liu ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Yu Gong ◽  
...  
2010 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Yeon Hong ◽  
Won Oak Kim ◽  
Bon Nyeo Koo ◽  
Jin Sun Cho ◽  
Eun H. Suk ◽  
...  

Background Although acetaminophen has been used widely and is well tolerated in children, its efficacy and safety have not been clarified when combined with an opioid in intravenous parent-/nurse-controlled postoperative analgesia. Methods Sixty-three children (aged 6-24 months) who had undergone elective ureteroneocystostomies were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study. After the surgery, an analgesic pump was programmed to deliver fentanyl at a basal infusion rate of 0.25 microg.kg(-1).h(-1) and 0.25 microg/kg bolus after a loading dose of 0.5 microg/kg(-1). In the fentanyl-acetaminophen group, acetaminophen was coadministered as a solution mixture at a basal infusion rate of 1.5 mg.kg(-1).h(-1) and 1.5 mg/kg bolus after a loading dose of 15 mg/kg, whereas saline was administered to the fentanyl group. Results Postoperative pain scores were similar between the two groups. The total dose (micrograms per kilogram per day, mean+/-SD) of fentanyl at postoperative days 1 (8.3+/-3.7 vs. 18.1+/-4.6, P=0.021) and 2 (7.0+/-2.4 vs. 16.6, P=0.042) was significantly less in the fentanyl-acetaminophen group compared with that in the fentanyl group. The incidences of vomiting (16.1 vs. 56.3%, P=0.011) and sedation (9.7 vs. 46.9%, P=0.019) were significantly lower in the fentanyl-acetaminophen group than those in the fentanyl group. Conclusions Acetaminophen has significant fentanyl-sparing effects and reduces side effects when combined with fentanyl in intravenous parent-/nurse-controlled analgesia for postoperative pediatric pain management.


2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Young Rhee ◽  
Chong Hyun Won ◽  
Sung Eun Chang ◽  
Tai Kyung Noh ◽  
Myoung Shin Kim ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-589
Author(s):  
Hyun Jung Kwon ◽  
Eun Jung Ko ◽  
Sun Young Choi ◽  
Eun Ja Choi ◽  
Yu-Jin Jang ◽  
...  

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