A comparison of platelet function in cold‐stored whole blood and platelet concentrates

SummaryThe effects on platelet function of temperatures attained during hypothermia used in cardiac surgery are controversial. Here we have performed studies on platelet aggregation in whole blood and platelet-rich plasma after stimulation with a range of concentrations of ADP, TRAP, U46619 and PAF at both 28°C and 37°C. Spontaneous aggregation was also measured after addition of saline alone. In citrated blood, spontaneous aggregation was markedly enhanced at 28°C compared with 37°C. Aggregation induced by ADP was also enhanced. Similar results were obtained in hirudinised blood. There was no spontaneous aggregation in PRP but ADP-induced aggregation was enhanced at 28°C. The P2Y12 antagonist AR-C69931 inhibited all spontaneous aggregation at 28°C and reduced all ADP-induced aggregation responses to small, reversible responses. Aspirin had no effect. Aggregation was also enhanced at 28°C compared with 37°C with low but not high concentrations of TRAP and U46619. PAF-induced aggregation was maximal at all concentrations when measured at 28°C, but reversal of aggregation was seen at 37°C. Baseline levels of platelet CD62P and CD63 were significantly enhanced at 28°C compared with 37°C. Expression was significantly increased at 28°C after stimulation with ADP, PAF and TRAP but not after stimulation with U46619. Overall, our results demonstrate an enhancement of platelet function at 28°C compared with 37°C, particularly in the presence of ADP.

Download Full-text

The Increased Effectiveness of Platelet Concentrates Prepared in Acidified Plasma

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v27.4.449.449 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 449-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

FREDERICK A. FLATOW ◽

EMIL J. FREIREICH

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Acid Medium ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Adenosine Diphosphate ◽

Red Cells ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Standard Methods ◽

Aggregation Of Platelets ◽

Concentrate Preparation

Abstract Platelet concentrates prepared in acidified plasma (pH 6.5-6.7) are superior to concentrates prepared by standard methods, and are 80-90 per cent as effective as platelet rich plasma (PRP). The use of excess citric acid to acidify plasma promotes resuspension of the concentrate by eliminating clumping, which is a major factor in the decreased effectiveness of standard concentrates. Analysis of posttransfusion recovery and survival of platelets reveals no evidence of platelet injury in an acid medium. Acidification of PRP inhibits the aggregation of platelets by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The presence of endogenous ADP may be an important factor in clumping during standard concentrate preparation. A method of acidification of PRP using citric acid is described which allows preparation of an effective concentrate from fresh whole blood without subjecting the red cells to acid pH. Reconstitution of the acidified platelet poor plasma and its native red cells increases the citrate molarity by less than 6 per cent and results in minimal decrease in pH of the whole blood.

Download Full-text

Platelet concentrates, from whole blood or collected by apheresis?

Transfusion and Apheresis Science ◽

10.1016/j.transci.2013.02.004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 129-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Pieter F. van der Meer

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Platelet Concentrates

Download Full-text

Storage times of whole blood and of buffy coat determine leucocyte degradation in platelet concentrates

Vox Sanguinis ◽

10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00680.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 170-170

Author(s):

R. Karger ◽

V. Kretschmer

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Buffy Coat ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Storage Times

Download Full-text

Quality Control of Platelet Concentrates by the Thrombostat 4000

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0032-1313609 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 21 (S 02) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Markus Böck ◽

Joachim Groh ◽

Anle Glaser ◽

Klaus Storck ◽

Michael Kratzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Test System ◽

Serotonin Release ◽

Small Sample ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Platelet Function Tests ◽

Special Equipment ◽

Function Tests

Quality control of platelet concentrates (PC) is an important prerequisite for good transfusion praxis. However, direct measurement of platelet function is complex, since available methods (e.g. aggregometry, serotonin release) are time consuming and require special equipment. Therefore a test system is needed, which is easy to handle, fast, and achieves reliable results. The present paper compares the results of conventional platelet function tests with those of a modified in-vitro bleeding test (IVBT) (Thrombostat 4000) in liquid-stored and cryopreserved PCs. A high correlation between aggregometry, serotonin release, GMP 140 expression upon stimulation, and IVBT was demonstrated. Therefore IVBT seems to be a good alternative to the conventional platelet function tests for quality control of PCs. In addition, a good correlation between the results of IVBT of patients’ blood after PC transfusion and IVBT of patients blood before transfusion supplemented with platelets of the respective PC could be found. Therefore IVBT seems to be able to predict PC transfusion success. However, since these data were obtained in a small sample undergoing bone marrow transplantation, further studies are needed to verify this hypothesis.

Download Full-text