scholarly journals Physio-biochemical Responses of In Vitro Cooking Banana Musa paradisiaca cv Lang towards Pseudo Induced Drought Stress by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-817
Author(s):  
Sharifah Zafierah Syed Badrulzaman ◽  
Nurhana Nadia Ramlan ◽  
Munirah Adibah Kamarul Zaman ◽  
Azzreena Mohamad Azzeme
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Cooking Banana ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content

Musa paradisiaca cv Lang belongs to cooking banana group, and it has high potential to be used in banana chips production. Like other cultivars, M. paradisiaca cv Lang is susceptible towards water shortage, therefore affecting banana growth and productivity. In this study, to mimic the drought condition, pseudo-drought stress was given to in vitro Lang banana seedlings by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG). Overall, decrement of roots length and chlorophyll (Chl) content was displayed by the seedlings exposed to 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% (w/v) of PEG after three weeks of exposure. The proline content, total soluble protein content, and antioxidant capacity in leaf and roots, however, countered differently towards different levels of drought. Proline content showed the highest in leaf of 2% (w/v) PEG-treated seedling (12.66±0.38 µmoles/g) while the total soluble protein content showed the highest in roots of 5% (w/v) of PEG-treated seedling (30.65±1.07 mg/g FW). Antioxidant capacity of stressed seedlings revealed the catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were the highest in the leaf of 1% (w/v) (10.69±5.06 µmol/min/mg), 4% (w/v), (0.079±0.03 µmol/min/mg), and 5% (w/v) (9.11±8.47 µmol/min/mg) of PEG- treated seedlings, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest CAT, POD, and APX activities in the roots were determined in 3% (w/v) (0.49±0.04 µmol/min/mg), 2% (w/v) (0.03±0.02 µmol/min/mg), and 3% (w/v) (16.69±0.5 µmol/min/mg) of PEG-treated seedlings, respectively. These data show that PEG can be a priming agent to induce defense system at seedling stage of banana, which could enhance their survivability during ex vitro acclimatization.

scholarly journals Growth response of diploid and tetraploid taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) shoot culture to drought stress using polyethylene glycol

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
A Wulansari ◽  
A Purwito ◽  
D Sukma ◽  
TM Ermayanti
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mortality Percentage

Abstract Taro genetic improvement through polyploidy induction is expected to be tolerant to abiotic stress. Several studies have shown that polyploidy plants have a higher adaptability to dry environments. In vitro selection technique for evaluation of plant tolerance to drought stress can be done by applying polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a selection agent. The aim of the research was to investigate the growth response of diploid and tetraploid taro shoot culture to drought stress using PEG. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the concentration of PEG at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. The second factor was Bentul taro clones which were 1 diploid clone and 2 tetraploid clones (clones 4.6.3 and 5.4.4). PEG was added to liquid MS medium containing 2 mg/l BAP. Observations of growth variables were carried out every week until the six weeks of culture. Fresh and dry weights, mortality percentage and proline content were determined at six weeks of culture. The results showed that the addition of PEG in liquid medium significantly affected the number of leaves, petiole length, number of roots, fresh and dry weights, as well as shoot mortality percentage. Differences in clones significantly affected the number of leaves, fresh and dry weights. The two factors tested (PEG and clones), gave an interaction on the number of leaves, fresh and dry weights. The proline content in all diploid and tetraploid clones showed an increase with increasing PEG concentration. The LC50 value in diploid clones was 9.82%, in tetraploid clones 4.6.3 and 5.4.4 were 14.14 and 15.45%, respectively. The results showed that PEG at 10% and 15% could be used for in vitro selection to drought stress both for diploid and tetraploid taro.

scholarly journals Protein pattern of canola (Brassica napus L.) changes in response to salt and salicylic acid in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Razavizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content

Abstract The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on the salt (NaCl) tolerance mechanism was studied in canola plants (oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.) by molecular and physiological experiments in plant tissue culture. Seeds of B. napus ‘Ocapy’ were germinated at 0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different levels (0, 2, and 5 μM) of SA for 4 weeks. Total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and flavonoid content increased in response to interactive effects of SA and NaCl treatments at some concentrations. Proline content was increased under salt and SA treatments in shoot and root tissues. Salt alone and in combination with SA increased the total soluble protein content of shoots only, while the different concentrations of SA in the culture media affected variously the total soluble protein content. Protein patterns of shoots and roots showed some remarkable differences, based on gel electrophoresis and the consequent analysis of bands by ImageJ program. The relative expression of 15 and 12 protein bands in shoots and roots, respectively, differed under the applied treatments. In addition, the protein profile indicated that salinity and SA regulate the expression of salt-stress-inducible proteins as well as induced de novo synthesis of specific polypeptides. The findings may help to explain the salt tolerance mechanisms and to produce salt-tolerant canola plants.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity in Brassica napus L. plants expressing lox-dependent BAR gene

1970 ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
L. O. Sakhno ◽  
K. V. Lystvan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content

Aim. The study of possible unintended biochemical peculiarities of newly obtained herbicide-resistant canola (Brassica napus L.) plants expressing the lox-dependent BAR gene was the aim. Methods. Total soluble protein content, total free radical scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase activity have been investigated using Bradford’s, DPPH, and nitroblue tetrazolium assays, respectively. Fresh weight of plants grown on media with or without phosphinothricin was also measured. Results. The antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of untransformed plants under in vitro growth condi-tions had no significant differences in comparison with ones of phospinothricin-resistant plants in the third generation. No significant changes in parameters investigated were observed in transgenic plants cultivated on media with herbicide addition compared to ones grown on media without it. Fresh weight and total soluble protein content were similar in transgenic and untransformed canola plants under growth without phosphinothricin. Conclusions. Lox-dependent BAR gene introduction and expression resulted in no significant differences in leaf antioxidant activity in transgenic canola plants comparing to untransformed controls.Keywords: Brassica napus, antioxidant activity, DPPH, glufosinate, superoxide dismutase.

scholarly journals Salt Stress and Homobrassinosteroid Interactions during Germination in Barley Roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi MARAKLI ◽  
Aslihan TEMEL ◽  
Nermin GOZUKIRMIZI
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Mitotic Abnormalities ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content

Potential alleviation effects of Homobrassinosteroid (HBR) (0.5 and 1 µM HBR) on root germination, cell division and antioxidant system enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. ‘Hilal’) roots grown under different salt concentrations (150 mM and 250 mM) were investigated during 48 and 72 h at dark with their controls. Salt applications decreased primary root lengths, seminal root lengths, number of roots from one seed, mitotic activity and induced mitotic abnormalities. In addition, salt application decreased protein content but increased enzyme activities both at 48 h and 72 h when compared to control. Roots treated with HBR enhanced root lengths and root number. HBR-treated roots showed more mitotic activity, mitotic abnormalities and significant enlargements at the root tips when compared to controls and only salt-treated samples. Salt + HBR applications stimulated root lengths and showed more mitotic activity and mitotic abnormalities when compared to only salt-treated samples. Salt application increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities both at 48 h and 72 h.  However, HBR application decreased total soluble protein content and increased enzyme activities especially at 48 h compared to control. Depending on concentration and timing, salt + HBR treatments showed varying results in total soluble protein content and enzyme activities. There was also a significant change in protein banding patterns of experimental groups separated by SDS-PAGE. These findings are expected to contribute to understanding of how HBR affect barley roots grown under different salt concentrations.

ZnO/SnO2/Montmorillonite Composite for Inhibition of Cyanobacterial Bloom

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Na Gu ◽  
Jin Long Gao ◽  
Kui Tao Wang ◽  
Wen Cui Dong ◽  
Yu Lin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Degradation Effect ◽  
Flocculation Effect ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Xrd And Tem

ZnO/SnO2/montmorillonite that could flocculate and restrict the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa used as a probe of cyanobacterial was prepared and characterized by means of XRD and TEM. In ZnO/SnO2/montmorillonite, ZnO and SnO2nanoparticles disperse on montmorillonite surface. The determinations of chlorophyll a levels and total soluble protein content demonstrate that ZnO/SnO2/montmorillonite has stronger flocculation effect on Microcystis aeruginosa compared with natural montmorillonit under visible light, and has a good photocatalytic degradation effect on Microcystis aeruginosa under UV irradiation. Under UV, 96.79% removal efficiency is achieved for Microcystis aeruginosa in 1h using 50mg.L-1ZnO/SnO2/montmorillonite. The synergy of absorption flocculation and photocatalysis of ZnO/SnO2/montmorillonite promotes the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa.

scholarly journals In vitro Osmotic Stress Memory in Chrisanthemum hybridum: Structural and Physiological Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiia Samarina ◽  
Valentina Malyarovskaya ◽  
Yulija Abilfazova ◽  
Natalia Platonova ◽  
Kristina Klemeshova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Relative Water

Structural and physiological responses of chrysanthemum to repeated osmotic stress were studied. Plants were cultured for 2 weeks (for each stress1 and stress 2) on half MS supplemented with mannitol 100 mM (Treatment I) and 200 mM (Treatment II). First stress inhibited growth parameters stronger than second stress in treatment I. In treatment II both stress events strongly inhibited growth parameters of micro‐shoots. Proline content exceeded control 6 ‐ 8 times after 1st stress, and 2 ‐ 5 times after the 2nd stress in treatments I and II, respectively. Soluble protein was accumulated in leaves during both stress exposures, and 2 ‐ 2.5 times exceeded control after the 2nd stress. Relative water content in both treatments increased after the 2nd stress exposure. In treatment II chlorophyll а and carotenoids contents were 8.78 and 4.62 mg/g comparing to control (4.21 and 2.25 mg/g, respectively) after the 1st stress. But after the 2nd stress there was no difference with control.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 27(2): 161-169, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Biochemical changes in cultured foetal rat liver explants

1975 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C MacDonnel ◽  
E Ryder ◽  
J A Delvalle ◽  
O Greengard
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Tyrosine Aminotransferase ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Foetal Rat ◽  
Total Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Do So

Liver explants from 20-day-old foetuses cultured for 48h in the absence of serum released 70% of their total soluble protein content into the medium. In the presence of serum this loss still amounted to 60%. The concentration of total particulate protein remained unchanged but there was some translocation of mitochondrial enzymes to the cytosol, and enzymes expected to increase during this stage of development failed to do so. The addition of cortisol plus glucagon (to serum-containing media) did not decrease the loss of total soluble protein from the explants but induced considerable tyrosine aminotransferase activity which was not released into the medium. The observations suggest that under the usual culture conditions a minority of the cells retain their functional integrity. The extent of deterioration, not reflected in histologically visible necrosis or cell damage, can be conveniently monitored by the malate dehydrogenase activity released to the medium.

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