scholarly journals Impact of Backward Linkages and Domestic Contents of Exports on Labor Productivity and Employment: Evidence from Japanese Industrial Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-625
Author(s):  
Mohamedou Nasser dine ◽  
Tengku Munawar Chalil

This study examines how backward linkages (foreign value added [FVA] exports) and domestic value-added (DVA) exports impact industry-level labor productivity and employment in Japan by estimating a static and dynamic panel model using data drawn from the World Input-Output Dataset and Socio-Economic Accounts. We find that the domestic content of trade is a key driver of productivity and employment in Japan for all industries, while backward linkages lead to declining productivity and foster labor displacement. A sectoral analysis reveals that productivity benefits most of the backward linkages and domestic value-added exports in the manufacturing industry but weakens as the backward linkages increase in the service industry. We find that the DVA exports variable promotes employment, whereas the FVA variable displaces it.

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-674
Author(s):  
Kuk Jung ◽  
Hyun Pyun

Using data on 70 emerging countries for 1990-2011, we re-examine the validity of both traditional and recently proposed determinants of international reserves. The dynamic panel model considers panel unit root, endogeneity, and country heterogeneity and reveals that not only traditional determinants but also new financial variables - M2/GDP and foreign capital inflows through over-the-counter markets - have significant effects on reserves hoarding. More importantly, out-of-sample forecasts show that the dynamic model yields the best goodness-of-fit, and its predicted values successfully account for the recent patterns in reserve accumulations.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Isik ◽  
Umit Firat Tasgin

Our paper empirically analyses the factors that determine the profitability of 120 manufacturing firms listed in Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange during the period 2005-2012. Estimation results from dynamic panel data model taking into account the endogeneity of variables indicate that lagged profitability, firm size, financial risk, R&D costs, net working capital, and economic growth are the most important variables affecting firm profitability. More specifically, profitability is positively and significantly affected by past profitability, firm size in terms of total sales, net working capital, and economic growth. On the other hand, R&D costs and financial risk have a dampening effect on the profitability.


Author(s):  
Klaus Salhofer ◽  
Paul Feichtinger

Abstract Nearly 80 per cent of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) expenditures are spent on three different measures: first pillar payments (FPPs), agri-environmental payments (AEPs) and less favoured area payments (LFAPs). Based on a dynamic panel model and farm accounting data for Bavaria, we find that, on average, 30 per cent of FPPs, 40–50 per cent of LFAPs, but no relevant share of AEPs are capitalised into land rental prices. The capitalisation ratio varies considerably across regions. Above average capitalisation ratios for FPPs are observed in more favourable areas with high yields, a low grassland share and large farms. The same is true for LFAPs for areas with high yields, large farms and a greater share of part-time farmers.


Author(s):  
Chirok Han ◽  
Peter C. B. Phillips ◽  
Donggyu Sul

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jude C. Dike

This paper empirically investigates how climate change mitigation affects crude oil prices while using carbon intensity as the indicator for climate change mitigation. The relationship between crude oil prices and carbon intensity is estimated using an Arellano and Bond GMM dynamic panel model. This study undertakes a regional-level analysis because of the geographical similarities among the countries in a region. Regions considered for the study are Africa, Asia and Oceania, Central and South America, the EU, the Middle East, and North America. Results show that there is a positive relationship between crude oil prices and carbon intensity, and a 1% change in carbon intensity is expected to cause about 1.6% change in crude oil prices in the short run and 8.4% change in crude oil prices in the long run while the speed of adjustment is 19%.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selamawit G. Kebede ◽  
Almas Heshmati

This study investigates the effect of energy use on labor productivity in the Ethiopian manufacturing industry. It uses panel data for the manufacturing industry groups to estimate the coefficients using the dynamic panel estimator. The study’s results confirm that energy use increases manufacturing labor productivity. The coefficients for the control variables are in keeping with theoretical predictions. Capital positively augments productivity in the industries. Based on our results, technology induces manufacturing’s labor productivity. Likewise, more labor employment induces labor productivity due to the dominance of labor-intensive manufacturing industries in Ethiopia. Alternative model specifications provide evidence of a robust link between energy and labor productivity in the Ethiopian manufacturing industry. Our results imply that there needs to be more focus on the efficient use of energy, labor, capital, and technology to increase the manufacturing industry’s labor productivity and to overcome the premature deindustrialization patterns being seen in Ethiopia.


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