Naturalistic Male Skateboard User Speed Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Buczek ◽  
Lauren Eichaker ◽  
Troy Graham ◽  
Thomas Maull
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Bearing Design

Abstract Skateboards have been used as a means of transportation and extreme sport participation for decades. However, the prevalence of skateboards as a source of transportation is increasing. The laws that permit skateboard users to travel in roadways and in pedestrian walkways can vary by state, city, or county, allowing for a large variance in travel speed and user behavior. The amount of data available for the average speed of skateboard users during travel and trick initiation is limited. This study will preliminarily describe the natural travel and trick initiation speeds of skateboard users. The data that is presented in this study is beneficial to a vast audience including, but not limited to: traffic safety, road and intersection design, accident reconstruction, skateboard design, bearing design and useful life, and wheel design and useful life. This is an observational study of users on public spaces; no personal identification or biometric data was collected.

Rolling Resistance of a Skateboard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Maull ◽  
Lauren Eichaker ◽  
Sean Buczek ◽  
Troy Graham
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Bearing Design ◽  
Safety Accident ◽  
Investigative Process

Abstract Skateboards have been used as a means of transportation and extreme sports for decades. The forensic analysis of skateboard-related accidents requires knowledge of the kinematic characteristics of the skater-skateboard and skateboard-ground interactions to aid in the investigative process. Much of the existing skateboard research has focused on the motion of the skater-skateboard system. Few studies have investigated the interactions of the skateboard and the ground surface. The velocities and accelerations of a skateboard/skater system is not well defined in literature. A skateboard’s rolling resistance has also not been defined. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the effect of rider mass and wheel bearing resistance on the rolling resistance of a skateboard. Understanding the dynamics of the skateboard and rider in relation to rolling resistance is critical to an investigator attempting to determine the behavior of a skateboard when reconstructing a skateboard related incident. In addition, the data that will be presented in this study is beneficial to a wide audience including, but not limited to; traffic safety, accident reconstruction, skateboard design, bearing design and useful life, and wheel design and useful life.

scholarly journals Shared Spaces in Cities of Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Shared Space

The aim of paper is a presentation an idea of shared space in the cities and results of implementation of this solution in the cities of Poland. The methodology of elaboration consisted of carrying out a review of the literature, comparing existing solutions and formulating conclusions regarding implementation. This trend, which has appeared over the past 50 years as a counterbalance to the pedestrianization of public spaces, is at the beginning of the 21st century experiencing its second youth and is being implemented in many areas in intensive urban development, especially in urban centers and areas of historic character. Shared space solutions are an integral way of shaping functions and forms of revitalized public spaces. These solutions contributes to improving the quality of public space and traffic safety, revitalizing social life, improving and reducing the environmental nuisance caused by traffic and finally created liveable city. Analyzes effectuated indicate, that in central areas of cities in Poland whose spatial arrangement is legally protected, the forms of shared spaces solutions are strongly influenced by strong conservation restrictions in these areas. This means the need  to respect existing historical conditions in shaping public spaces, as well as limited transformation possibilities. The Polish solutions of shared spaces presented in this paper of in their forms and quality do not differ from the standard functional solutions abroad. Solutions implemented in the Polish conditions, however, are more modest in terms of materials and implemented in a smaller number than is the case in Western European countries. Keywords: Shared spaces, Traffic calming, Cities of Poland, Creation of public space

scholarly journals Efficient Implementation of Homomorphic and Fuzzy Transforms in Random-Projection Encryption Frameworks for Cancellable Face Recognition

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer D. Algarni ◽  
Ghada M. El Banby ◽  
Naglaa F. Soliman ◽  
Fathi E. Abd El-Samie ◽  
Abdullah M. Iliyasu
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Random Projection ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Random Projections ◽  
Person Identification ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Rich Diversity

To circumvent problems associated with dependence on traditional security systems on passwords, Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) and tokens, modern security systems adopt biometric traits that are inimitable to each individual for identification and verification. This study presents two different frameworks for secure person identification using cancellable face recognition (CFR) schemes. Exploiting its ability to guarantee irrevocability and rich diversity, both frameworks utilise Random Projection (RP) to encrypt the biometric traits. In the first framework, a hybrid structure combining Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic (IFL) with RP is used to accomplish full distortion and encryption of the original biometric traits to be saved in the database, which helps to prevent unauthorised access of the biometric data. The framework involves transformation of spatial-domain greyscale pixel information to a fuzzy domain where the original biometric images are disfigured and further distorted via random projections that generate the final cancellable traits. In the second framework, cancellable biometric traits are similarly generated via homomorphic transforms that use random projections to encrypt the reflectance components of the biometric traits. Here, the use of reflectance properties is motivated by its ability to retain most image details, while the guarantee of the non-invertibility of the cancellable biometric traits supports the rationale behind our utilisation of another RP stage in both frameworks, since independent outcomes of both the IFL stage and the reflectance component of the homomorphic transform are not enough to recover the original biometric trait. Our CFR schemes are validated on different datasets that exhibit properties expected in actual application settings such as varying backgrounds, lightings, and motion. Outcomes in terms standard metrics, including structural similarity index metric (SSIM) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC), suggest the efficacy of our proposed schemes across many applications that require person identification and verification.

Impact of Older Adults’ Neighborhood Perceptions on Walking Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordana L. Maisel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Street Connectivity ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Study Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Neighborhood Type ◽  
Age And Sex

Built environment features can have varying impacts on user behavior depending on the perceptions of the opportunities and obstacles that the environments create. This study systematically evaluated the relationship between neighborhood perceptions and the specific types of self-reported walking behavior for 121 older adults who resided in urban, suburban, or rural neighborhoods. Perceptions of street connectivity, crime and traffic safety, and overall satisfaction were associated with specific types of walking behaviors, and the strength of the relationships differed by neighborhood type. Sociodemographic variables such as age and sex were associated with certain types and amounts of older adults’ walking behaviors both across and within each neighborhood type. The results of this study support the importance of perceived street connectivity regardless of neighborhood type and perceived crime safety in rural neighborhoods to impact the walking behavior among older adults.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE CREDIBILITY OF ANALYSIS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS FOR BIOMETRIC PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Яковенко І.О. ◽  
Рудий О.Д. ◽  
Турчина М.О.
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Biometric Authentication ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Nowadays there is a high demand for biometric authentication. These systems possess a high level of protection, as they evaluate not only the physical parameters, but also personality characteristics. The paper analyzes a biometric scheme based on the electrical activity of the human heart in the form of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The study was performed using standard laboratory measurements KL-720 has all age groups. As a result, an electrical activity signal was obtained. The aim of this work was to filter the captured signal for further use with biometric data.

PENERAPAN KONSEP SOSIAL DAN BEHAVIOR SETTING PADA RUMAH ADAT BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Josephine Roosandriantini ◽  
Fernanda Yosefi Meilan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Behavior Setting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Title: Application of the Social and Behavioral Setting Concept on Balinese Architecture The neighborhood is formed unique as a result of the activities, reactions as well as behavior of the individuals who are living in it. The formation of the neighborhood has a natural architectural meaning which is determined by the necessity of individuals related to the division of the nature of space. The division of the nature of space is very apparent in Balinese traditional houses, it consists of the private to the public spaces. The nature of space is also studied in architecture behavior, and in this study behavioral approach is used in seeing the relationship between the nature of space and the physical appearance of Balinese architecture. This approach is also observing the pattern of user behavior that occurs repeatedly to form a distinct environmental order. This research was conducted to identify the spatial division and the formation of behavioral setting in which the behavior patterns is defined. The purpose of this study is to understand how the concept of behavior setting is applied in Balinese traditional houses. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative, by collecting data based on literature research on Balinese architecture. The results of this study are to explain the human needs of each arrangement based on the nature of the space, and also determine the formation of behavioral setting concepts in the arrangement of Balinese traditional houses.

scholarly journals Masquerade Attack Analysis for Secured Face Biometric System

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar M. Hatture ◽  
◽  
Shweta Policepatil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Liveness Detection ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Biometric Trait ◽  
Face Biometric

Biometrics systems are mostly used to establish an automated way for validating or recognising a living or nonliving person's identity based on physiological and behavioural features. Now a day’s biometric system has become trend in personal identification for security purpose in various fields like online banking, e-payment, organizations, institutions and so on. Face biometric is the second largest biometric trait used for unique identification while fingerprint is being the first. But face recognition systems are susceptible to spoof attacks made by nonreal faces mainly known as masquerade attack. The masquerade attack is performed using authorized users’ artifact biometric data that may be artifact facial masks, photo or iris photo or any latex finger. This type of attack in Liveness detection has become counter problem in the today's world. To prevent such spoofing attack, we proposed Liveness detection of face by considering the countermeasures and texture analysis of face and also a hybrid approach which combine both passive and active liveness detection is used. Our proposed approach achieves accuracy of 99.33 percentage for face anti-spoofing detection. Also we performed active face spoofing by providing several task (turn face left, turn face right, blink eye, etc) that performed by user on live camera for liveness detection.

Measuring Neighborhood Traffic Safety Benefits by Using Real-Time Driver Feedback Technology

2005 ◽  
Vol 1922 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Kevin N. Chang ◽  
Matthew Nolan ◽  
Nancy L. Nihan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Roadway Safety ◽  
Driver Feedback ◽  
Additional Safety

Local jurisdictions frequently respond to public concerns about speeding on neighborhood streets. When a speed study confirms that a significant percentage of vehicles are exceeding the posted speed limit, a traffic engineer carefully reviews the conditions to determine if additional safety measures need to be implemented. Preserving roadway safety for the motorized and the nonmotorized public alike who share the roadway is essential. Each jurisdiction is likely to use any number of solutions from its traffic safety toolbox. Additional signing, mobile radar speed display units, neighborhood speed watch programs, or targeted police enforcement may help discourage drivers from traveling at unacceptable speeds. Physical devices, such as traffic circles, speed humps, and chicanes, can also be considered but will affect emergency vehicles by increasing their response times. To balance increased driver awareness of travel speeds with vehicle accessibility, the King County Department of Transportation in Washington State installed four radar speed signs along 108th Avenue NE between NE 124th Street and Juanita-Woodinville Way NE. These radar speed signs, installed directly below the black-and-white regulatory speed limit signs, alerted each driver by indicating travel speed. To evaluate the effectiveness of these signs, speed studies were conducted before, during, and after installation. The results from these studies are presented, installation and maintenance of this device are discussed, and conclusions are drawn about whether these signs have been successful in calming neighborhood traffic.

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