Opportunities for Distributed Electricity Generation at Wastewater Facilities

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Liner ◽  
Steve Tarallo ◽  
Lauren Fillmore ◽  
Chris Peot
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
The Future

“Wastewater treatment plants are not waste disposal facilities but are water resource recovery facilities that produce clean water, recover nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen), and have the potential to reduce the nation’s dependence on fossil fuels through the production and use of renewable energy and the implementation of energy conservation.” This quote from the 2011 WEF Renewable Energy Position Statement clearly calls attention to the role of wastewater management through Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRF) to address the needs of the Utility of the Future. The water resources utility of the future will integrate these three major concepts of Nutrients, Energy and Water, and many cutting edge utilities are already implementing this management goal of resource recovery. This focus may initially have been internal to the water or wastewater utility, investigating sustainable energy management through energy conservation, increased renewable energy production (where feasible), and focus on overall energy management. The overall societal benefit of the resilience improvement through distributed generation is starting to be realized. The fact that a water resource recovery facility (wastewater plant) that generates its own energy can operate when the power is out is an asset during extreme events. In addition, this capacity can be coordinated with electric utilities to address peak loads and other system needs. Valuable energy products generated on-site at wastewater plants can also supply a portion of energy demand within their respective service areas. On average, the energy content of wastewater (chemical, hydraulic and thermal) is five times greater than the energy required for treatment. The most common opportunity for on-site power generation is through biogas created through anaerobic digestion. However, technologies such as gasification, pyrolysis, and incineration may be used to generate electricity or fuel. District energy systems, facilities to generate renewable diesel or aviation fuel, hydrogen fuel cells, and in-line hydropower are all being installed today. However, becoming net energy positive is not the only goal. Optimizing overall sustainability may actually require using more energy or producing less energy onsite. Treating water to higher standards is often more energy intensive. Similarly, using biogas as a transportation fuel reduces onsite power production and increased energy use is required to further process biosolids to maximize reuse potential and to recover nutrients and minerals (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorous, magnesium). A number of utilities worldwide have already taken the leap and begun this transformation towards resource recovery. While it is not practical for all water resource recovery facilities to become energy positive or neutral, all can take steps towards increasing sustainability while also improving resilience in the energy sector.

scholarly journals An Efficient Technique-Based Distributed Energy Management for Hybrid MG System: A Hybrid SBLA-CGO Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Logeswaran ◽  
Francis H Shajin ◽  
Paulthurai Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Present System ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Electricity Cost

Abstract This manuscript presents an optimal energy management on microgrid (MG) connected to the grid that chooses the energy scheduling based on the proposed method. The present method is the joint implementation of the Side-Blotched Lizard Algorithm (SBLA) and the Chaos Game Optimization Algorithm (CGO) and hence it is named as SBLA-CGO method. Here, the MG system contains a photovoltaic system (PV), wind turbine (WT), battery storage (BS) and fuel cell (FC). Constantly, the necessary load demand of MG system connected to the grid is measured with SBLA method. The CGO increases the perfect match of MG with the expected load requirement. Moreover, renewable energy forecasting errors are evaluated twice by MG energy management for minimizing the control. Through the operation of MG schedule of several RES to decrease the electricity cost using the first method. Balancing the energy flow and minimize the effects of prediction errors according to the rule presented as planned power reference is second method. The main aim of the present method is evaluated with connection of fuel cost, the variation of energy per hour of the electrical grid, the cost of operation and maintenance of MG system connected to the network. According to RES, the energy demand and SOC of the storage elements are the conditions. Renewable energy system units use batteries as energy sources to allow them to operate continuously on stable and sustainable power generation. The analysis of the present method is analyzed by comparing with the other systems. The results of the comparison assess the strength of the present system and confirm their potential for solving the issues.

scholarly journals NFV-Enabled Efficient Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Management: Requirements and Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Christian Tipantuña ◽  
Xavier Hesselbach
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Heuristic Strategies ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Network Functions

The increasing worldwide energy demand, the CO2 emissions generated due to the production and use of energy, climate change, and the depletion of natural resources are important concerns that require new solutions for energy generation and management. In order to ensure energy sustainability, measures, including the use of renewable energy sources, the deployment of adaptive energy consumption schemes, and consumer participation, are currently envisioned as feasible alternatives. Accordingly, this paper presents the requirements and algorithmic solutions for efficient management of energy consumption, which aims to optimize the use of available energy, whether or not it is 100% renewable, by minimizing the waste of energy. The proposal works within a Demand-Response environment, uses Network Functions Virtualization as an enabling technology, and leverages the massive connectivity of the Internet of Things provided by modern communications technologies. The energy consumption optimization problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Program. It is optimally solved while using a brute-force search strategy, defined as OptTs, to detect all concerns that are related to the problem. Given the NP-hard nature of the problem and the non-polynomial complexity of OptTs, some heuristic solutions are analyzed. Subsequently, a heuristic strategy, described as FastTs based on a pre-partitioning method, is implemented. The simulation results validate our proposed energy management solution. Exact and heuristic strategies, when deployed in the Network Functions Virtualization domain, demonstrate improvements in the way that energy is consumed, thereby offering an increase in service processing. The evaluation results also show that FastTs produces high-quality solutions that are close to those of OptTs while executing 230×–5000× faster.

scholarly journals Heuristic Strategies for NFV-Enabled Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Management in the Future IoT World

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Christian Tipantuna ◽  
Xavier Hesselbach ◽  
Walter Unger
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Heuristic Strategies ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Sustainability metrics for assessing water resource recovery facilities of the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo K. Cornejo ◽  
Jennifer Becker ◽  
Krishna Pagilla ◽  
Weiwei Mo ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Sustainability Metrics ◽  
The Future

Photoconductive Carbon Nanotube (CNT): A Potential Candidate for Future Renewable Energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid ◽  
Rasel Das ◽  
Md Eaqub Ali
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Cultivable Land

Human population has always been advocated to use exosomatic energy, exist in abundance in Mother Nature. As of today world's population has reached to 7.1 billion, which will be exceeding 8.0 billion by 2050. To fulfill the energy demand of increasing population, world existing energy should be increased by >50% by 2050. The question is do we have enough energy resources to meet the future energy demand? Secondly, the use of reserved gas, oil, coal and other carbon-based energy sources would continue to emitgreenhouse gases which are estimated to warm up the world by 2°C by 2020, raising the sea level which will dwindle the world cultivable land. This paradigm shift has called foreffective, sensitive and advanced technologies dealing with the production, harvesting, conversion and distribution of renewable energy to meet the future energy needs. This paper has highlighted the potential applications of carbon nanotube (CNT) based composites to harvest the unlimited solar energy into electrical, mechanical and other forms of useful energy for human benefits. The competitive performances of CNTs in solar cells would build multibillion dollar energy market using green chemistry principles, reducing green house emission and ensuring enough energy for the future generations.

scholarly journals Estimasi Dampak Implementasi Kebijakan Terhadap Potensi Konservasi Energi Di Sektor Industri

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Hakimul Batih
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Energy Management System ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Boiler Efficiency

Beside transportation sector, industrial sector is one of the biggest energy consumption sector.Therefore, any energy conservation effort in this sector will contribute to the energy demand reduction as targeted in the National Energy Policy (KEN) and National Energy Plan (RUEN). This study tries to estimate the potential of energy conservation in Industrial sector by implementing four energy conservation policies, mamely: 1) implementation of energy management system, 2) boiler efficiency improvement, 3) Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) implementation for  electric motor, and 4) MEPS implementation for chillers. Potential of energy conservation was calculated by using Long Range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) software. The results of this study indicate that the implemntation of those energy conservation policies has the potential to reduce energy demands by 35 million Barrel Oil Equivalent (BOE) or by 7.9%  in 2025 and 232 million BOE or 15.3% in 2050 as compared to energy demand in the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. In sthe hort-term, (2025), the contribution of  energy saving  from the implementation  of : energy management  system, improving boiler efficiency, implementation of MEPS for electric motors, and implementation of MEPS for chillers are 1.1%, 6.3%, 0.5%, and 0% , respectivily. While, for the  long -term (2050) , the contribution of each policy are 6.5%, 6%,2.2%, and 0.5%, respectively.Beside transportation sector, industrial sector is one of the biggest energy consumption sector.Therefore, any energy conservation effort in this sector will contribute to the energy demand reduction as targeted in the National Energy Policy (KEN) and National Energy Plan (RUEN). This study tries to estimate the potential of energy conservation in Industrial sector by implementing four energy conservation policies, mamely: 1) implementation of energy management system, 2) boiler efficiency improvement, 3) Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) implementation for  electric motor, and 4) MEPS implementation for chillers. Potential of energy conservation was calculated by using Long Range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) software. The results of this study indicate that the implemntation of those energy conservation policies has the potential to reduce energy demands by 35 million Barrel Oil Equivalent (BOE) or by 7.9%  in 2025 and 232 million BOE or 15.3% in 2050 as compared to energy demand in the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. In sthe hort-term, (2025), the contribution of  energy saving  from the implementation  of : energy management  system, improving boiler efficiency, implementation of MEPS for electric motors, and implementation of MEPS for chillers are 1.1%, 6.3%, 0.5%, and 0% , respectivily. While, for the  long -term (2050) , the contribution of each policy are 6.5%, 6%,2.2%, and 0.5%, respectively.

scholarly journals FEMAN: Fuzzy-Based Energy Management System for Green Houses Using Hybrid Grid Solar Power

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdellah Chehri ◽  
Hussein T. Mouftah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Intelligent Home ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
The Future ◽  
Hybrid Grid ◽  
The Impact

The United Nations has designated the year 2012 as the international year of sustainable energy. Today, we are seeing a rise in global awareness of energy consumption and environmental problems. Many nations have launched different programs to reduce the energy consumption in residential and commercial buildings to seek lower-carbon energy solutions. We are talking about the future green and smart houses. The subject of smart/green houses is not one of “why,” but rather “how,” specifically: “how making the future house more energy efficient.” The use of the renewable energy, the technology and the services could help us to answer this question. Intelligent home energy management is an approach to build centralized systems that deliver application functionality as services to end-consumer applications. The objective of this work is to develop a smart and robust controller for house energy consumption with maximizing the use of solar energy and reducing the impact on the power grid while satisfying the energy demand of house appliances. We proposed a fuzzy-based energy management controller in order to reduce the consumed energy of the building while respecting a fixed comfort.

ENERGY AUDIT – METHOD FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION IN HOTELS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-358
Author(s):  
Zeljka Hrs Borkovic ◽  
Biljana Kulisic ◽  
Margareta Zidar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Near Future

: In the very near future, energy efficient hotels will cease to be the exception but will be the rule. Energy conservation and the intelligent utilization of renewable energy sources are prerequisite for sustainable development of tourism. Due to global warming and increased standards in hotel industry, there is an increasing demand for energy for cooling in general, although this is especially reflected in hotel industry peaking in summer period. Furthermore, energy demand for hot water and food and beverages preparation in a hotel increases proportionally with the number of tourists. All these energy issues are overburdening the ever competing hotel industry. Hotels, in order to optimize their energy costs and implementation of renewable energy sources utilization, have to perform energy audit - an analysis of thermal performance and energy systems of building with the purpose to determent its energy efficiency or non-efficiency. This paper combines energy audit methodology with properties of energy consumption in hotel industry with an aim to provide guidelines for modern hotel energy management.

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