A bird species detection method based on YOLO-v5

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Liao ◽  
Ming Tian
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Species Detection

scholarly journals Beyond fish eDNA metabarcoding: Field replicates disproportionately improve the detection of stream-associated vertebrate species

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till-Hendrik Macher ◽  
Robin Schütz ◽  
Jens Arle ◽  
Arne Beermann ◽  
Jan Koschorreck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Terrestrial Species ◽  
Biological Replication

Fast, reliable, and comprehensive biodiversity monitoring data are needed for environmental decision making and management. Recent work on fish environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding shows that aquatic diversity can be captured fast, reliably, and non-invasively at moderate costs. Because freshwater ecosystems act as sinks in the landscape, they also collect traces of terrestrial species via surface runoff or when specimens come into direct contact with water (e.g., for drinking purposes). Thus, fish eDNA metabarcoding data can provide information on fish but also on other, even terrestrial vertebrate species that live in riparian habitats. This data become available and may offer a much more comprehensive approach for assessing vertebrate diversity at no additional costs. Studies on how the sampling strategy affects species detection especially of stream-associated communities, however, are scarce. We therefore performed an analysis on the effects of biological replication on both fish as well as (semi-)terrestrial species detection. Along a 2-km stretch of the river Mulde (Germany), we collected 18 1L water samples and analyzed the relation of detected species richness and quantity of biological replicates taken. We detected 58 vertebrate species, of which 25 were fish and lamprey, 18 mammals, and 15 birds, which account for 50%, 24% and 7% of all native species to the German federal state of Saxony-Anhalt. However, while increasing the number of biological replicates resulted in only 25 % more detected fish and lamprey species, mammal and bird species richness increased disproportionately by 69 % and 84 %, respectively. Contrary, PCR replicates showed little stochasticity. We thus emphasize to increase the number of biological replicates when the aim is to improve general species detections. This holds especially true, when the focus is on rare aquatic taxa or on (semi-)terrestrial species, the so-called ‘bycatch’. As a clear advantage, this information can be obtained without any additional sampling or laboratory effort when the sampling strategy regarding biological replication is chosen carefully. With the consideration of frequent eDNA metabarcoding as part of national biomonitoring programs, the additional information provided by the bycatch can be used to further investigate the state of the environment and its biodiversity on a much broader scale.

scholarly journals Bird Species Detection From Voice Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Rachana B ◽  
Kavya Hegde ◽  
Navya Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Great Precision ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Natural Information ◽  
Sound Data

The objective is naturally recognize which types of bird is available in a sound data set utilizing regulated learning. Contriving successful calculations for bird species order is a fundamental advance toward separating valuable natural information from accounts gathered in the field. Here Naïve Bayes calculation to characterize bird voices into various species dependent on 265 highlights removed from the chipping sound of birds. The difficulties in this undertaking included memory the executives, the quantity of bird species for the machine perceive, and the jumble in signal-to-clamor proportion between the preparation and the testing sets. So to settle this difficulties we utilized Naïve Bayes calculation from this we got great precision in it. The calculation Naive Bayes got 91.58% exactness.

scholarly journals Beyond fish eDNA metabarcoding: Field replicates disproportionately improve the detection of stream associated vertebrate species

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till-Hendrik Macher ◽  
Robin Schütz ◽  
Jens Arle ◽  
Arne J. Beermann ◽  
Jan Koschorreck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Biodiversity Monitoring ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Terrestrial Species

Fast, reliable, and comprehensive biodiversity monitoring data are needed for environmental decision making and management. Recent work on fish environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding shows that aquatic diversity can be captured fast, reliably, and non-invasively at moderate costs. Because water in a catchment flows to the lowest point in the landscape, often a stream, it can collect traces of terrestrial species via surface or subsurface runoff along its way or when specimens come into direct contact with water (e.g., when drinking). Thus, fish eDNA metabarcoding data can provide information on fish but also on other vertebrate species that live in riparian habitats. This additional data may offer a much more comprehensive approach for assessing vertebrate diversity at no additional costs. Studies on how the sampling strategy affects species detection especially of stream-associated communities, however, are scarce. We therefore performed an analysis on the effects of biological replication on both fish as well as (semi-)terrestrial species detection. Along a 2 km stretch of the river Mulde (Germany), we collected 18 1-L water samples and analyzed the relation of detected species richness and quantity of biological replicates taken. We detected 58 vertebrate species, of which 25 were fish and lamprey, 18 mammals, and 15 birds, which account for 50%, 22.2%, and 7.4% of all native species to the German federal state of Saxony-Anhalt. However, while increasing the number of biological replicates resulted in only 24.8% more detected fish and lamprey species, mammal, and bird species richness increased disproportionately by 68.9% and 77.3%, respectively. Contrary, PCR replicates showed little stochasticity. We thus emphasize to increase the number of biological replicates when the aim is to improve general species detections. This holds especially true when the focus is on rare aquatic taxa or on (semi-)terrestrial species, the so-called ‘bycatch’. As a clear advantage, this information can be obtained without any additional sampling or laboratory effort when the sampling strategy is chosen carefully. With the increased use of eDNA metabarcoding as part of national fish bioassessment and monitoring programs, the complimentary information provided on bycatch can be used for biodiversity monitoring and conservation on a much broader scale.

scholarly journals Detection Rate of Bird Species and What It Depends on: Tips for Field Surveys

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Vojtěch Brlík ◽  
Yanina Benedetti ◽  
Raphaël Bussière ◽  
Lucie Moudrá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Imperfect Detection ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Total Species

Bird counting inevitably suffers from imperfect detection, which varies across species, habitats, period of the day, and seasons. Although various modeling techniques have recently been developed to account for this phenomenon, the biological basis of natural variation in detection remains insufficiently known. This study examined the bird species’ detection rate throughout the day, considering their body mass and diet type, concerning the environment and weather characteristics. Species detection rates were significantly affected by the number of individuals of that species but were unrelated to body mass. Overall, species with the highest detection rate were Corn bunting, Blackbird, European robin, House sparrow and Common chiffchaff. Granivores-insectivores and insectivores showed significant differences in detection rates throughout the day among habitats, with higher detection rates in grasslands during the afternoon. Insectivores showed higher detection rates in farmland during midday (warmest time of the day). Granivores, omnivores and scavengers did not show changes in detection rates in different day periods. Such patterns in daily detection rates were significant even when considering abundance and total species richness in each community. Finally, cloudiness was unrelated to the overall detection rate of birds, while temperature and wind affected detection rates in some guilds. Our findings provide some advice for choosing a suitable ornithological sampling method by considering the avian communities composition in combination with the type of environment, the diet of bird species, and the period of the day.

scholarly journals Beyond fish eDNA metabarcoding: Field replicates disproportionately improve the detection of stream associated vertebrate species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till-Hendrik Macher ◽  
Robin Schuetz ◽  
Jens Arle ◽  
Arne J. Beermann ◽  
Jan Koschorreck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Biodiversity Monitoring ◽  
Species Detection ◽  
Terrestrial Species

Fast, reliable, and comprehensive biodiversity monitoring data are needed for environmental decision making and management. Recent work on fish environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding shows that aquatic diversity can be captured fast, reliably, and non-invasively at moderate costs. Because water in a catchment flows to the lowest point in the landscape, often a stream, it can often collect traces of terrestrial species via surface or subsurface runoff along its way or when specimens come into direct contact with water (e.g., for drinking purposes). Thus, fish eDNA metabarcoding data can provide information on fish but also on other vertebrate species that live in riparian habitats. This additional data may offer a much more comprehensive approach for assessing vertebrate diversity at no additional costs. Studies on how the sampling strategy affects species detection especially of stream-associated communities, however, are scarce. We therefore performed an analysis on the effects of biological replication on both fish as well as (semi-)terrestrial species detection. Along a 2 km stretch of the river Mulde (Germany), we collected 18 1-L water samples and analyzed the relation of detected species richness and quantity of biological replicates taken. We detected 58 vertebrate species, of which 25 were fish and lamprey, 18 mammals, and 15 birds, which account for 50%, 24%, and 7% of all native species to the German federal state of Saxony-Anhalt. However, while increasing the number of biological replicates resulted in only 25% more detected fish and lamprey species, mammal, and bird species richness increased disproportionately by 69% and 84%, respectively. Contrary, PCR replicates showed little stochasticity. We thus emphasize to increase the number of biological replicates when the aim is to improve general species detections. This holds especially true, when the focus is on rare aquatic taxa or on (semi-)terrestrial species, the so-called 'bycatch'. As a clear advantage, this information can be obtained without any additional sampling or laboratory effort when the sampling strategy is chosen carefully. With the increased use of eDNA metabarcoding as part of national fish bioassessment and monitoring programs, the complimentary information provided on bycatch can be used for biodiversity monitoring and conservation on a much broader scale.

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