The plant beneficial rhizobacterium Bacillus velezensis FZB42 controls the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae due to bacilysin production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingshan Han ◽  
Dongxia Shen ◽  
Qin Xiong ◽  
Beihua Bao ◽  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Soybean root rot caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae is a serious soil-borne disease threatening soybean production in China. Bacillus velezensis FZB42 is a model strain for Gram-positive plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and is able to produce multiple antibiotics. In this study, we demonstrated that B. velezensis FZB42 can efficiently antagonize P. sojae. The underlying mechanism for the inhibition was then investigated. The FZB42 mutants deficient in the synthesis of lipopeptides (bacillomycin D and fengycin), known for antifungal activities, and polyketides (bacillaene, difficidin, and macrolactin), known for antibacterial activities, were not impaired in their antagonism toward P. sojae ; in contrast, mutants deficient in bacilysin biosynthesis completely lost their antagonistic activities toward P. sojae , indicating that bacilysin was responsible for the activity. Isolated pure bacilysin confirmed this inference. Bacilysin was previously shown to be antagonistic mainly toward prokaryotic bacteria rather than eukaryotes. Here, we found that bacilysin could severely damage the hyphal structures of P. sojae and lead to the loss of their intracellular contents. A device was invented allowing interactions between P. sojae and B. velezensis FZB42 on nutrient agar. In this manner, the effect of FZB42 on P. sojae was studied by transcriptomics. FZB42 significantly inhibited the expression of P. sojae genes related to growth, macromolecule biosynthesis, pathogenicity, and ribosomes. Among them, the genes for pectate lyase were the most significantly downregulated. Additionally, we showed that bacilysin effectively prevents soybean sprouts from being infected by P. sojae and could antagonize diverse Phytophthora species, such as P. palmivora , P. melonis , P. capsici , P. litchi , and, most importantly, P. infestans . Importance Phytophthora spp. are widespread eukaryotic phytopathogens and often extremely harmful. Phytophthora can infect many types of plants important to agriculture and forestry and thus cause large economic losses. Perhaps due to inappropriate recognition of Phytophthora as a common pathogen in history, research on the biological control of Phytophthora is limited. This study shows that B. velezensis FZB42 can antagonize various Phytophthora species and prevent the infection of soybean seedlings by P. sojae . The antibiotic produced by FZB42, bacilysin, which was previously known to have antibacterial effectiveness, is responsible for the inhibitory action against Phytophthora . We further showed that some Phytophthora genes and pathways may be targeted in future biocontrol studies. Therefore, our data provide a basis for the development of new tools for the prevention and control of root and stem rot in soybean and other plant diseases caused by Phytophthora .

scholarly journals Lipopeptides as the Antifungal and Antibacterial Agents: Applications in Food Safety and Therapeutics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khem Raj Meena ◽  
Shamsher S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Inhibitors ◽  
Global Food

A lot of crops are destroyed by the phytopathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and yeast leading to economic losses to the farmers. Members of theBacillusgenus are considered as the factories for the production of biologically active molecules that are potential inhibitors of growth of phytopathogens. Plant diseases constitute an emerging threat to global food security. Many of the currently available antimicrobial agents for agriculture are highly toxic and nonbiodegradable and thus cause extended environmental pollution. Moreover, an increasing number of phytopathogens have developed resistance to antimicrobial agents. The lipopeptides have been tried as potent versatile weapons to deal with a variety of phytopathogens. All the three families ofBacilluslipopeptides, namely, Surfactins, Iturins and Fengycins, have been explored for their antagonistic activities towards a wide range of phytopathogens including bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes. Iturin and Fengycin have antifungal activities, while Surfactin has broad range of potent antibacterial activities and this has also been used as larvicidal agent. Interestingly, lipopeptides being the molecules of biological origin are environmentally acceptable.

scholarly journals Pepper Bacterial Spot Control by Bacillus velezensis: Bioprocess Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463
Author(s):  
Ivana Pajčin ◽  
Vanja Vlajkov ◽  
Marcus Frohme ◽  
Sergii Grebinyk ◽  
Mila Grahovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Food Isolate

Pepper bacterial spot is one of the most severe plant diseases in terms of infection persistence and economic losses when it comes to fresh pepper fruits used in nutrition and industrial processing. In this study, Bacillus velezensis IP22 isolated from fresh cheese was used as a biocontrol agent of pepper bacterial spot, whose main causal agent is the cosmopolitan pathogen Xanthomonas euvesicatoria. After optimization of the cultivation medium composition aimed at maximizing of the antimicrobial activity against X. euvesicatoria and validation of the optimized medium at the scale of a laboratory bioreactor, in planta tests were performed. The results have showed significant suppression of bacterial spot symptoms in pepper plants by the produced biocontrol agent, as well as reduction of disease spreading on the healthy (uninoculated) pepper leaves. Furthermore, HPLC-MS (high pressure liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis was employed to examine antimicrobial metabolites produced by B. velezensis IP22, where lipopeptides were found with similar m/z values compared to lipopeptides from fengycin and locillomycin families. The bioprocess solution developed at the laboratory scale investigated in this study represents a promising strategy for production of pepper bacterial spot biocontrol agent based on B. velezensis IP22, a food isolate with a great perspective for application in plant protection.

scholarly journals Bacillus velezensis CE 100 Inhibits Root Rot Diseases (Phytophthora spp.) and Promotes Growth of Japanese Cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher) Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Moon ◽  
Sang-Jae Won ◽  
Chaw Ei Htwe Maung ◽  
Jae-Hyeok Choi ◽  
Su-In Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Japanese Cypress ◽  
Phytophthora Root Rot ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Root rot diseases, caused by phytopathogenic oomycetes, Phytophthora spp. cause devastating losses involving forest seedlings, such as Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher) in Korea. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a promising strategy to control root rot diseases and promote growth in seedlings. In this study, the potential of Bacillus velezensis CE 100 in controlling Phytophthora root rot diseases and promoting the growth of C. obtusa seedlings was investigated. B. velezensis CE 100 produced β-1,3-glucanase and protease enzymes, which degrade the β-glucan and protein components of phytopathogenic oomycetes cell-wall, causing mycelial growth inhibition of P. boehmeriae, P. cinnamomi, P. drechsleri and P. erythoroseptica by 54.6%, 62.6%, 74.3%, and 73.7%, respectively. The inhibited phytopathogens showed abnormal growth characterized by swelling and deformation of hyphae. B. velezensis CE 100 increased the survival rate of C. obtusa seedlings 2.0-fold and 1.7-fold compared to control, and fertilizer treatment, respectively. Moreover, B. velezensis CE 100 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) up to 183.7 mg/L, resulting in a significant increase in the growth of C. obtusa seedlings compared to control, or chemical fertilizer treatment, respectively. Therefore, this study demonstrates that B. velezensis CE 100 could simultaneously control Phytophthora root rot diseases and enhance growth of C. obtusa seedlings.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Development of selected PGPR consortium to control Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis and promote the growth of tomatoYanti Y, Warnita, Reflin. 2018. Short Communication: Development of selected PGPR consortium to control Ralstoni

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2073-2078
Author(s):  
YULMIRA YANTI ◽  
WARNITA WARNITA ◽  
REFLIN REFLIN ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Communication Development ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bacillus Toyonensis

Yanti Y, Warnita, Reflin. 2018. Short Communication: Development of selected PGPR consortium to control Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis and promote the growth of tomato. Biodiversitas 19: xxxx. A microbial consortium is a group of different species of microorganisms and acts as a community. Combinations of biocontrol strains are expected to have a better result to suppress multiple plant diseases. Our previous research had selected four plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains from chili (B. pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, B. cereus strain CCM 2010, Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, Serratia nematodiphila strain DZ0503SBS1) and three strains from tomato (Bacillus pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, Bacillus thuringiensis strain ATCC 10792 ) which had ability to promote growth and control Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis indigenously. The strains were used in the development of PGPR consortiums to increase their ability for biocontrol agent of Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis and promoting the growth of tomato. Results showed that not all strains had good compatibility to grow together. Ten consortiums were developed based on their compatibilities. All consortiums exhibited the capability to reduce bacterial wilt disease development and also promote the growth of tomato. The consortium consisted of Serratia nematodiphila strain DZ0503SBS1, B. cereus strain CCM 2010, Bacillus aryabhattai strain B8W22 and Bacillus cereus strain IAM 12605 resulted in the best ability to reduce disease development and promote growth and yield of tomato.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Resource of Bacillus velezensis J17-4, an Endophyte Isolated from Stem Tissues of Rice

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.R. Shi ◽  
Wanwen Hong ◽  
Qingwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Rot Disease

Dickeya zeae is the causative agent of rice root rot disease and causes severe harvest and economic losses. In this study, the Bacillus velezensis strain J17-4 with significant antagonist against D. zeae was used to generate DNA for sequencing. After assembly, a high-quality complete genome comprising only a circular chromosome was available. The genome sequence consists of a total of 3877 prediction coding sequences and nine types of gene clusters involved in secondary metabolite production. This genome data will provide information for understanding the underlying mechanism of strain J17-4 antagonist against D. zeae and a new useful source for comparative genomics studies between strains isolated from various habitats.

scholarly journals Diffusible and Volatile Antifungal Compounds Produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 against Various Phytopathogenic Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Liang Kong ◽  
Pu-Sheng Li ◽  
Xiao-Qin Wu ◽  
Tian-Yu Wu ◽  
Xiao-Rui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Control Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Headspace Collection ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
16S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Abstract Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can potentially be used as an alternative strategy to control plant disease. In this study, strain ST-TJ4 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a healthy poplar was found to have strong antifungal activity against 11 phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture and forestry. Strain ST-TJ4 was identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca based on 16S rDNA sequences. The bacterium can produce siderophores, cellulase, and protease, and has genes involved in the synthesis of phenazine, 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and hydrogen cyanide. Moreover, the volatile compounds released by strain ST-TJ4 can inhibit the mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi more than diffusible substances can. Based on volatile compound profiles of strain ST-TJ4 obtained from headspace collection and GC-MS/MS analysis, 1-undecene was identified. In summary, the results suggested that P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca ST-TJ4 can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals PGPR Bacteria - Promising Objects to Create BIOFERTILIZERS of Complex Action

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Abdykadyrova ◽  
R. Aipova ◽  
B.O. Raisov ◽  
A.A. Kurmanbaev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The review summarizes literature data and the results of the authors own research on the agronomically useful group of soil microorganisms stimulating plant growth (plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria - PGPR bacteria). PGPRs have great potential for plant growth promoting as they control pest and disease and have been considered important in sustainable agriculture. PGPR includes a promising group of bacteria that live on the surface and inside the roots of agricultural plants. They possess a number of positive properties such as fixation of molecular nitrogen of the atmosphere, decomposition of harmful chemical compounds, synthesis of substances of a hormonal nature, are able to transform difficult phosphorus soil compounds, and also prevent or reduce the growth of phytopathogens due to the ability to synthesize substances with bactericidal and fungicidal effects, as well as competition for ions iron, without which the growth of phytopathogens is difficult. In addition, PGPR bacteria provide plant resistance to adverse environmental factors: heavy metal pollution of the soil, soil salinization, and drought. Under stress caused by heavy metal contamination of the soil, PGPR bacteria enhance plant survival. Data are presented showing the prospects of using these microorganisms in the development of technologies of ecological farming in order to increase plant productivity, biocontrol over the development of plant diseases, reduce the chemical load on the soil, increase its fertility.

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