scholarly journals Comparison of Pasteurella spp. Simultaneously Isolated from Nasal and Transtracheal Swabs from Cattle with Clinical Signs of Bovine Respiratory Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
D. C. DeRosa ◽  
G. D. Mechor ◽  
J. J. Staats ◽  
M. M. Chengappa ◽  
T. R. Shryock
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Matched Pairs

ABSTRACT Twenty-four matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and three matched pairs of isolates of Pasteurella multocida were isolated by using a nasal swab and a transtracheal swab from individual calves with clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease. The identity of each matched pair was confirmed biochemically and serologically. The similarity of the isolates obtained from a nasal swab and from a transtracheal swab was compared by using ribotyping and antibiotic susceptibility analyses. Although the calves were sampled only once with a nasal and a transtracheal swab, when both samples were bacteriologically positive the nasal swab identified the same bacterial species as the transtracheal swab 96% of the time. The nasal swab isolate was genetically identical to the transtracheal isolate in 70% of the matched pairs. Six different ribotypes were observed for the P. haemolytica isolates, while only one ribotype was observed for the limited number of P. multocida isolates. Of the six P. haemolytica ribotypes, two ribotypes predominated. All the paired isolates displayed similar susceptibility to ceftiofur, erythromycin, tilmicosin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and florfenicol, with some minor variations for ampicillin and spectinomycin. These results suggest that a nasal swab culture can be predictive of the bacterial pathogen within the lung when the isolates are from an acutely ill animal and can be used to determine antibiotic susceptibility.

scholarly journals Closed Genome Sequences and Antibiograms of 16 Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex Cases and Apparently Healthy Controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory P. Harhay ◽  
Dayna M. Harhay ◽  
James L. Bono ◽  
Timothy P. L. Smith ◽  
Sarah F. Capik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Pasteurella multocida is an animal-associated Gram-negative member of the Pasteurellaceae family. It is an opportunistic pathogen and is one of the principal bacterial species contributing to bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in feedlot cattle.

scholarly journals Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC): Viral and bacterial pathogens in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kurcubic ◽  
R. Djokovic ◽  
D. Vidanovic ◽  
M. Sekler ◽  
K. Matovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Artificial Culture ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Pathogens causing BRDC in Serbia were investigated. Two herds of beef cattle with bovine respiratory disease were included, with twenty diseased calves (10 from each farm) were chosen for isolation of bacteria on artificial culture media and determination by aerobic cultivation. The most common bacterial pathogen was isolated was Pasteurella multocida. Diffusion method of sensitivity to antibiotics (antibiogram), revealed that Enrofloxacin and Floron were most efficient antibiotics against Pasteurella multocida isolates (100 % isolates sensitive on both antibiotics). From the all examined samples (n=20) using the method of Real Time PCR (RT-PCR and PCR) we determined the genome sequences of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), but in none of the samples genome of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1).

Lungworms (Metastrongylus Spp.) Demonstrated in Domestic Pigs with Respiratory Disease - What was the True Relevance of that?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Wallgren ◽  
Emelie Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Routine Inspection ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundAn outdoor pig herd was affected by severe respiratory disease in one out of three pastures. At necropsy, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida were detected in the lungs, as well as the lung worm Metastrongylus apri. The life cycle of Metastrongylus spp. includes earth worms as an intermediate host, and since domesticated pigs mainly are reared indoors lungworms has not been diagnosed in domestic pigs in Sweden for decades, not even in pigs reared outdoors. Therefore, this disease outbreak was scrutinised from the view of validating the impact of Metastrongylus spp..ResultsAt the time of the disease outbreak, neither eggs of Metastrongylus spp. nor Ascaris suum were detected in faeces of pigs aged ten weeks. In contrast, five-months-old pigs at the pasture with respiratory disease shed large amounts of eggs from Ascaris suum, whereas Ascaris suum not was demonstrated in healthy pigs aged six months at another pasture. Low numbers of eggs from Metastrongylus spp. were seen in faecal samples from both these age categories.At slaughter, seven weeks later, ten normal weighted pigs in the preceding healthy batch were compared with ten normal weighted and five small pigs from the affected batch. Healing Mycoplasma-like pneumonic lesions were seen in all groups. Small pigs had more white spot liver lesions, and all small pigs shed eggs of Ascaris suum in faeces, compared to around 50% of the pigs in the normally sized groups. Metastrongylus spp. were demonstrated in 13 of the 25 pigs (52%), %), representing all groups included.ConclusionAs Metastrongylus spp. were demonstrated regardless of health status, and in another healthy outdoor herd, the impact of Metastrongylus spp. on the outbreak of respiratory disease was depreciated. Instead, Metastrongylus spp. was suggested to be common in outdoor production, although rarely diagnosed. The reason for this is because they will escape detection at routine inspection at slaughterhouses, and that they appeared to generally not induce clinical signs of respiratory disease. Instead, a possible association with a high burden of Ascaris suum was suggested to have preceded the severe outbreak with respiratory disease.

Bovine respiratory disease research (1983–2009)

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Syncytial Virus

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) research has provided significant understanding of the disease over the past 26 years. Modern research tools that have been used include monoclonal antibodies, genomics, polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry (IHC), DNA vaccines and viral vectors coding for immunogens. Emerging/reemerging viruses and new antigenic strains of viruses and bacteria have been identified. Methods of detection and the role for cattle persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were identified; viral subunits, cellular components and bacterial products have been characterized. Product advances have included vaccines for bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida; the addition of BVDV2 to the existing vaccines and new antibiotics. The role of Mycoplasma spp., particularly Mycoplasma bovis in BRD, has been more extensively studied. Bovine immunology research has provided more specific information on immune responses, T cell subsets and cytokines. The molecular and genetic basis for viral–bacterial synergy in BRD has been described. Attempts have been made to document how prevention of BRD by proper vaccination and management prior to exposure to infectious agents can minimize disease and serve as economic incentives for certified health programs.

Early detection and treatment for bovine respiratory disease

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Tim Potter
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Costs Of Treatment ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
On Farm

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome that can cause significant economic impact on farm through the immediate costs of treatment as well as long-term production losses, and increased risk of mortality or premature departure from the herd. The clinical signs and pathology are due in part to the host's response to inflammatory mediators that are produced in reaction to the presence of the pathogens. Variation in individual animals' responses to the sepsis associated with BRD result in the spectrum of clinical signs and disease severity observed on farm. The variation in clinical picture presents a diagnostic challenge for farmers and can negatively impact disease detection. The use of objective scoring systems for BRD can facilitate the detection and provide a means of monitoring disease at a herd or group level. While antimicrobials remain the mainstay of BRD treatment on farm, the use of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) alongside them has become commonplace, with the aim of promoting more rapid recovery via their analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic actions.

Pasteurella multocidaand bovine respiratory disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Dabo ◽  
J. D. Taylor ◽  
A. W. Confer
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Shipping Fever ◽  
Colonization Factors

AbstractPasteurella multocidais a pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium that has been classified into three subspecies, five capsular serogroups and 16 serotypes.P. multocidaserogroup A isolates are bovine nasopharyngeal commensals, bovine pathogens and common isolates from bovine respiratory disease (BRD), both enzootic calf pneumonia of young dairy calves and shipping fever of weaned, stressed beef cattle.P. multocidaA:3 is the most common serotype isolated from BRD, and these isolates have limited heterogeneity based on outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles and ribotyping. Development ofP. multocida-induced pneumonia is associated with environmental and stress factors such as shipping, co-mingling, and overcrowding as well as concurrent or predisposing viral or bacterial infections. Lung lesions consist of an acute to subacute bronchopneumonia that may or may not have an associated pleuritis. Numerous virulence or potential virulence factors have been described for bovine respiratory isolates including adherence and colonization factors, iron-regulated and acquisition proteins, extracellular enzymes such as neuraminidase, lipopolysaccharide, polysaccharide capsule and a variety of OMPs. Immunity of cattle against respiratory pasteurellosis is poorly understood; however, high serum antibodies to OMPs appear to be important for enhancing resistance to the bacterium. Currently availableP. multocidavaccines for use in cattle are predominately traditional bacterins and a live streptomycin-dependent mutant. The field efficacy of these vaccines is not well documented in the literature.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Pasteurella multocida Isolate P1062, Isolated from Bovine Respiratory Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan E. Abrahante ◽  
Samuel S. Hunter ◽  
Samuel K. Maheswaran ◽  
Melissa J. Hauglund ◽  
Fred M. Tatum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence

Here, we report the draft genome of Pasteurella multocida isolate P1062 recovered from pneumonic bovine lung in the United States in 1959.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Development of Bovine Respiratory Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Beef Steers Shipped From France to Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Padalino ◽  
Francesco Cirone ◽  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Daniele Tullio ◽  
Gigliola Ficco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Histophilus Somni

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex, multifactorial syndrome and one of the major welfare and economical concerns for the cattle industry. This 1-year cross-sectional study was aimed at documenting the prevalence of BRD-related pathogens and clinical signs before and after a long journey and at identifying possible predisposition factors. Male Limousine beef steers (n = 169) traveling from France to Italy were health checked and sampled with Deep Nasopharyngeal Swabs (DNS) at loading (T0) and 4 days after arrival (T1). Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the presence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine adenovirus (BAdV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, Mycoplasma bovis, and Pasteurella multocida. Weather conditions at departure and arrival were recorded, and the travel conditions were taken from the travel documentation. At T0, even if no animals displayed clinical signs, some of them were already positive for one or more pathogens. At T1, the number of animals displaying clinical signs and positive for BCoV, BAdV, BRSV, H. somni, M. haemolytica, M. bovis, and P. multocida increased dramatically (p < 0.001). Transport also significantly increased co-infection passing from 16.0% at T0 to 82.8% at T1 (p < 0.001). An extra stop during the journey seemed to favor BRSV, M. haemolytica, and P. multocida (p < 0.05). Weather conditions, in particular sudden climate changes from departure to arrival and daily temperature variance, were found to be predisposing factors for many of the pathogens. The farm of arrival also played a role for BRSV, BAdV, and H. somni (p < 0.05). BCoV increased dramatically, but no associations were found confirming that it spreads easily during transport phases. Our findings increased our understanding of factors increasing the likelihood of BRD-related pathogens shedding and can be useful to minimize the incidence of BRD and to implement animal transport regulations.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an extended-release tilmicosin preparation and tulathromycin in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Sumano ◽  
José A. Valencia ◽  
Marcela Viveros ◽  
Graciela Tapia-Pérez ◽  
Lilia Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Histophilus Somni ◽  
Before And After

A trial to evaluate the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was established with tulathromycin (Tul-group) and tilmicosin (Til-group). This latter antibacterial drug is pharmaceutically prepared for 8-10 d sustained release. The challenge was carried out with spontaneously BRD-affected bulls, divided into Til-group (ɳ=44) and Tul-group (ɳ=50). Bulls were treated only once with either antibacterial drugs. Bacteriological analysis, arterial and venous blood chemistry, gasometrical parameters, and body temperature were obtained before and after treatment. The clinical cure rate was registered on days 7, 15, and 30. No mortality was observed. Clinical cure was statistically undistinguishable on these days (P> 0.05), and in both groups, all animals were considered healthy until day 30. Only customary pathogens were isolated i.e., Mannhemia hemolytica 38.88% (70/180), Pasteurella multocida 26.11% (47/180), Histophilus somni 18.33% (33/180, and Trueperella pyogenes 16.66% (30/180).

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