scholarly journals Determinants of undernutrition among older adults in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia: a community-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e056966
Author(s):  
Hiwot Yisak ◽  
Ismael Maru ◽  
Misganaw Abie ◽  
Getachew Arage ◽  
Amien Ewunetei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
The South ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
South Gondar

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among older adults aged 65 years in the south Gondar Zone, Ethiopia, in 2020.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted from 1 October to 15 December 2020, in the South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. Study participants were selected by systematic random sampling. A pretested and structured questionnaire adapted from different literature was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements were taken following the standard procedure.ParticipantsA total of 290 older adults aged greater than or equal to 65 years of age were included in the study.Data analysisDescriptive and summary statistics were employed. Multiple logistic regression was fitted to identify determinants of undernutrition. ORs and their 95% CIs were computed to determine the level of significance.Outcome measuresUndernutrition was assessed by using Body Mass Index and Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool.ResultsThe prevalence of undernutrition was 27.6% (95% CI 22.4 to 32.8), and 2.1% (95% CI 0.7 to 3.8) of the study participants were overweight. Based on the MNA tool, 29.7% (95% CI 24.5 to 35.2) of the study participants were undernourished and 61.7% (95% CI 55.5 to 67.2) were at risk of undernourishment. Rural residence adjusted OR (aOR)=10.3 (95% CI 3.6 to 29.4), inability to read and write aOR=3.5 (95% CI 1.6 to 7.6), decrease in food intake aOR=13.5 (95% CI 6.1 to 29.5) and household monthly income of less than US$35.6 aOR=4.3 (95% CI 1.9 to 9.4) were significantly and independently associated with undernutrition.ConclusionThe level of undernutrition among older adults in the study area was high, making it an important public health burden. The determinants of undernutrition were a place of residence, educational status, food intake and monthly income.

scholarly journals Determinants of under nutrition among the elderly in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiwot Yisak ◽  
Ismael Maru ◽  
Misganaw Abie ◽  
Getachew Aragie ◽  
Amien Ewunetei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background: The number of the elderly population is expected to become the largest demographic group. Malnutrition in older adults is related with complications and premature death. The progression to malnutrition is often insidious and often undetected. No study has been ever conducted or documented to explore the nutritional status of elderly in south Gondar Zone . Hence, this study was aimed to assess the determinants of under nutrition among the elderly people aged ≥65 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1 to December 15, 2020. A community based study was conducted in south Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 290 elderly aged greater or equal to 65 years of age selected by systematic random sampling technique were included in the study. Pretested and structured questionnaire adapted from different literature was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements; weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to assess nutritional status of elderly. Descriptive and summary statistics were employed. Multiple logistic regression was fitted to identify determinants of under nutrition. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were computed to determine the level of significance. Results: Based on their BMI status 27.57%, 95%CI (22.4-32.8) of elderly were underweight and 2.1%, 95% CI (0.7-3.8) were overweight. Likewise, 29.7%, 95%CI (24.5-35.2) of elderly were malnourished and 61.7%, 95% CI (55.5-67.2) were at risk of malnutrition based on Mini-Nutritional Assessment tool. Rural residence (AOR= 10.32, 95%CI (3.62-29.39)), unable to read and write (AOR = 3.54, 95%CI (1.64-7.64)), decline in food intake (AOR= 13.47, 95%CI (6.14-29.52)) and household monthly income <35.6USD (AOR = 4.32, 95%CI (1.97- 9.46)) were significantly and independently associated with under nutrition in elderly population.Conclusion: The prevalence of under nutrition among the elderly in the study area was high, and making it an important public health burden. Place of residence, educational status, food intake and household income were the determinants of under nutrition.

scholarly journals Malnutrition in older adults: screening and determinants

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare A. Corish ◽  
Laura A. Bardon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Climbing Stairs

Older adults are at risk of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). PEM detrimentally impacts on health, cognitive and physical functioning and quality of life. Given these negative health outcomes in the context of an ageing global population, the Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life Joint Programming Initiative Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) sought to create a knowledge hub on malnutrition in older adults. This review summarises the findings related to the screening and determinants of malnutrition. Based on a scoring system that incorporated validity, parameters used and practicability, recommendations on setting-specific screening tools for use with older adults were made. These are: DETERMINE your health checklist for the community, Nutritional Form for the Elderly for rehabilitation, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire-Residential Care for residential care and Malnutrition Screening Tool or Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form for hospitals. A meta-analysis was conducted on six longitudinal studies from MaNuEL partner countries to identify the determinants of malnutrition. Increasing age, unmarried/separated/divorced status (vs.married but not widowed), difficulties walking 100 m or climbing stairs and hospitalisation in the year prior to baseline or during follow-up predicted malnutrition. The sex-specific predictors of malnutrition were explored within The Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing dataset. For females, cognitive impairment or receiving social support predicted malnutrition. The predictors for males were falling in the previous 2 years, hospitalisation in the past year and self-reported difficulties in climbing stairs. Incorporation of these findings into public health policy and clinical practice would support the early identification and management of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in a Portuguese older adult community

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luísa Moreira dos Santos ◽  
Teresa Maria de Serpa Pinto Freitas do Amaral ◽  
Nuno Pedro Garcia Fernandes Bento Borges
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Perception Of Health

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of undernutrition in older adults aged >75 years living in communities and to identify the main factors independently associated with undernutrition. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random sample of family physicians' medical records of 86 older adults aged >75 years living in the community studied. Their nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. RESULTS: A total of 10.5% of the elderly were undernourished and 41.9% were at undernutrition risk. According to the logistic regression multivariable model, the following characteristics: being widowed (OR=6.7; 95%CI=1.8-24.6); being institutionalized (OR=12.6; 95%CI=1.7-90.5); or having a negative self-perception of health (OR=15.0; 95%CI=3.3-69.1) were independently associated with a significant increase of undernutrition risk. CONCLUSION: The current study shows that undernutrition is highly prevalent in Portuguese older adults aged >75 years living in communities. The major factors independently associated with their undernutrition are being widowed and institutionalized and having negative self-perception of health. The results obtained show that undernutrition and its associated factors are very serious problems for older adults and a challenge in their health care.

scholarly journals Food Services Using Energy- and Protein-Fortified Meals to Assist Vulnerable Community-Residing Older Adults Meet Their Dietary Requirements and Maintain Good Health and Quality of Life: Findings from a Pilot Study

Geriatrics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Arjuna ◽  
Michelle Miller ◽  
Tomoko Ueno ◽  
Renuka Visvanathan ◽  
Kylie Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fortified Food

The effects of “standard (STD)” vs. “protein- and energy-enriched (HEHP)” food-service meals on the nutrient intake, nutritional status, functional capacity, and wellbeing of older adults was investigated using a 12 week, double-blinded, parallel group design. All participants received dietetics counseling and either an STD (2.3 MJ and 30 g protein per meal) or a HEHP (4.6 MJ and 60 g protein) hot lunchtime meal for at least 3 days/week; those who did not want food-service meals were included in the control group (CON). Twenty-nine participants completed the study (STD = 7; HEHP = 12; CON = 10). From baseline to week 12, the HEHP subjects increased their mean daily energy intake from 6151 ± 376 kJ to 8228 ± 642 kJ (p = 0.002 for effect of time) and protein intake from 67 ± 4 g to 86 ± 8 g (p = 0.014 for effect of time). The MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) score was increased significantly in HEHP by 4.0 ± 1.1 points (p = 0.001), but not in the STD and CON groups (2.8 ± 2.1 points and 1.8 ± 1.1 points, p > 0.05). No difference was found for other clinical outcomes between the groups. The findings indicate that provision of HEHP-fortified food-service meals can increase energy and protein intake and improve the nutritional status of nutritionally at-risk older people.

Undernutrition measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test and related risk factors in older adults under hospital emergency care

Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bolado Jiménez ◽  
H. Fernádez Ovalle ◽  
MF Muñoz Moreno ◽  
R. Aller de la Fuente ◽  
DA de Luis Román
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Related Risk

scholarly journals Association between Nutritional Status Determined By Mini Nutritional Assessment and Serum Marker Levels in Older Adults at Eldercare Facilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel G Hilerio Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Malnutrition in the older adult is an ongoing situation in Mexico and is most apparent in individuals that reside in hospitals, nursing homes, and retirement homes. For that reason, it is necessary to evaluate the nutritional status of these adults by means of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and levels of three serum indicators that are commonly ordered when making malnutrition diagnosis. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 older adults residing in eldercare facilities. Nutritional status was evaluated by means of the MNA and three serum indicators (albumin, ferritin, and hemoglobin). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, and a Student’s t test, based on gender and reference values, was used to compare mean values of the three serum indicators.  A Chi-square test was used to compare proportions in individuals, based on gender, who had normal nutritional status or were malnourished, and who were at-risk of malnutrition.  A One-way ANOVA with Scheffé post hoc test was used to identify the association between serum indicators and nutritional status of older adults. Of the 100 older adults studied, 53% were men and 47% were women. The mean age was 85±0.7 years. According to the MNA, 20% had normal nutritional status, 55% were at-risk of malnutrition, and 25% were malnourished. The mean indicator values were: albumin 4.7±0.04 g/dL, ferritin 74.2±8.7 ng/mL, and hemoglobin 13.0±0.1 g/dL. No significant association was found between serum indicators and each MNA classification; however, when the same indicators were compared between the sexes, hemoglobin showed a significant difference (P=0.037). Women had lower values but those values did not extend beyond the established physiological range for this population. There was a 55% prevalence of risk of malnutrition in the nutritional status of older adults living in Mexican eldercare facilities in a Mexican province and it was even more frequent in women. 

Mini nutritional assessment test long and short form are valid screening tools in Turkish older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Sarikaya ◽  
Meltem Halil ◽  
Mehmet Emin Kuyumcu ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Kilic ◽  
Yusuf Yesil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Screening Tools

PREDICTING THE EFFICACY OF PROTEIN-ENERGY SUPPLEMENTATION IN FRAIL OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN COMMUNITY

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
C.O. KIM
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Energy Supplementation

Background:Protein-energy malnutrition is a major cause of functional decline in the elderly and isclearly an important component of frailty. However, limited evidence is available about how to select frailindividuals most benefiting from protein-energy supplementation. Objectives:1) To investigate factors associatedwith stronger benefits from protein-energy supplementation, and 2) to test the hypothesis that the severity offrailty is associated with the efficacy of protein-energy supplementation. Design:Secondary analysis of data froma pre-post-intervention study and a clinical trial. Setting:National Home Healthcare Services in Gangbuk-gu,Seoul, South Korea. Participants:123 community-dwelling frail older adults [usual gait speed (UGS) <0.6m/secand Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) <24]. Intervention:Each participant was received with two 200 mL perday of commercial liquid formula (providing additional 400 kcal of energy and 25 g of protein per day) for 12weeks. Measurements:Relative change in the Physical Functioning (PF) and Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB) score between the baseline and 12-week follow-up assessments were measured. Results:Multilevelmixed-effect linear regression analysis showed that a lower level of baseline UGS was associated with a greaterimprovement in PF and SPPB score after adjustment for age, gender, education, living status, beneficiary ofpublic assistance, number of chronic diseases, compliance, and type of dataset (p<0.001). A lower level ofbaseline MNA score was associated with greater change in PF and SPPB score after adjustment for multiplecovariates (p<0.045). Participants with severe frailty (UGS <0.3 m/sec + MNA <17) showed 52.4% and 44.6%more relevant improvements in PF and SPPB score, respectively, than those with mild frailty (UGS 0.3-0.6 m/sec+ MNA 17-24) (p<0.001). Conclusion:Slower UGS and lower MNA score are independently associated with thegreater efficacy of protein-energy supplementation on functional status.

THE FEASIBILITY OF STANDARDISED GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT TOOLS AND PHYSICAL EXERCISES IN FRAIL OLDER ADULTS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A.D. Jadczak ◽  
N. Mahajan ◽  
R. Visvanathan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Cognitive Screen

Geriatric assessment tools are applicable to the general geriatric population; however, their feasibility in frail older adults is yet to be determined. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of standardised geriatric assessment tools and physical exercises in hospitalised frail older adults. Various assessment tools including the FRAIL Screen, the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the SF-36, the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Rapid Cognitive Screen, the Self Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) and the Lawton iADL as well as standard physical exercises were assessed using observational protocols. The FRAIL Screen, MNA-SF, Rapid Cognitive Screen, Lawton iADL and the physical exercises were deemed to be feasible with only minor comprehension, execution and safety issues. The TMT was not considered to be feasible and the SF-36 should be replaced by its shorter form, the SF-12. In order to ensure the validity of these findings a study with a larger sample size should be undertaken.

scholarly journals Inflammation, Appetite and Food Intake in Older Hospitalized Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sieske ◽  
Janssen ◽  
Babel ◽  
Westhoff ◽  
Wirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Poor Appetite ◽  
Severe Inflammation

The effect of inflammation on appetite and food intake has been rarely studied in humans. In this study, we examined the association of C-reactive protein (CRP), as an inflammatory marker, with appetite and food intake among older hospitalized patients. A total of 200 older individuals, who were consecutively admitted to a geriatric acute care ward, participated in this prospective observational study. Appetite was evaluated using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), respectively. Food intake was measured according to plate diagram method and participants were categorized as having food intake <75% and ≥75% of meals served. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). In addition, serum CRP was analyzed and the levels >3.0 (mg/dL) were considered as moderate to severe inflammation. Of total population with mean age 81.4 ± 6.6 years (62.5% females), 51 (25.5%) had no inflammation and 88 (44.0%) and 61 (30.5%) had mild and moderate to severe inflammation, respectively. According to MNA-SF, 9.0% and 60.0% had normal nutritional status or a risk of malnutrition, respectively, whereas 31.0% were malnourished. Based on the SNAQ-appetite-question, 32.5% of the patients demonstrated poor and very poor appetite whereas 23.5% reported severe loss of appetite according to ESAS. Ninety-five (48.0%) of the participants had food intake <75% of the meals offered. Significant associations between SNAQ-appetite (p = 0.003) and ESAS-appetite (p = 0.013) scores and CRP levels were observed. In addition, significant differences were observed in CRP levels between intake ≥75% and <75% of meals served (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant associations between appetite and nutritional status whereas malnourished older patients demonstrated a decreased appetite compared to those with normal nutritional status (p = 0.011). In a regression analysis, inflammation was the major independent risk factor for patients’ appetite (p = 0.003) and food intake (p = 0.011) whereas other variables such as infection (p = 0.960), chronic inflammatory diseases (p = 0.371), age (p = 0.679) and gender (p = 0.447) do not show any impact on appetite. Our findings confirm that poor appetite and low food intake are associated with inflammation in older hospitalized patients, suggesting that inflammation may contribute an important aspect to the development of malnutrition in these patients.

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