scholarly journals Occupational risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection during the second pandemic surge: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107924
Author(s):  
Antonio Leidi ◽  
Amandine Berner ◽  
Roxane Dumont ◽  
Richard Dubos ◽  
Flora Koegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Regular Contact

ObjectivesThis cohort study including essential workers, assessed the risk and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second surge of COVID-19 according to baseline serostatus and occupational sector.MethodsEssential workers were selected from a seroprevalence survey cohort in Geneva, Switzerland and were linked to a state centralised registry compiling SARS-CoV-2 infections. Primary outcome was the incidence of virologically confirmed infections from serological assessment (between May and September 2020) to 25 January 2021, according to baseline antibody status and stratified by three predefined occupational groups (occupations requiring sustained physical proximity, involving brief regular contact or others).Results10 457 essential workers were included (occupations requiring sustained physical proximity accounted for 3057 individuals, those involving regular brief contact, 3645 and 3755 workers were classified under ‘Other essential occupations’). After a follow-up period of over 27 weeks, 5 (0.6%) seropositive and 830 (8.5%) seronegative individuals had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, with an incidence rate of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.6) and 3.2 (95% CI 2.9 to 3.4) cases per person-week, respectively. Incidences were similar across occupational groups. Seropositive essential workers had a 93% reduction in the hazard (HR of 0.07, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.17) of having a positive test during the follow-up with no significant between-occupational group difference.ConclusionsA 10-fold reduction in the hazard of being virologically tested positive was observed among anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive essential workers regardless of their sector of occupation, confirming the seroprotective effect of a previous SARS-CoV2 exposure at least 6 months after infection.

scholarly journals Occupational risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection during the second pandemic surge: a cohort study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Leidi ◽  
Amandine Berner ◽  
Dumont Roxane ◽  
Richard Dubos ◽  
Flora Koegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Regular Contact

Objectives: This cohort study including essential workers, assessed the risk and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second surge of COVID-19 according to baseline serostatus and occupational sector. Methods: Essential workers were selected from a seroprevalence survey cohort in Geneva, Switzerland and were linked to a state centralized registry compiling SARS-CoV-2 infections. Primary outcome was the number of virologically-confirmed infections from serological assessment (between May and September 2020) to January 25, 2021, according to baseline antibody status and stratified by three pre-defined occupational groups (occupations requiring sustained physical proximity, involving brief regular contact or others). Secondary outcomes included the incidence of infection. Results: 10457 essential workers were included (occupations requiring sustained physical proximity accounted for 3057 individuals, those involving regular brief contact, 3645, and 3755 workers were classified under ″Other essential occupations″). After a follow-up period of over 27 weeks, 5 (0.6%) seropositive and 830 (8.5%) seronegative individuals had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, with an incidence rate of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.6) and 3.2 (95% CI 2.9 to 3.4) cases per person-week, respectively. Incidences were similar across occupational groups. Seropositive essential workers had a 93% reduction in the hazard (HR of 0.07, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.17) of having a positive test during follow-up with no significant between-occupational group difference. Conclusions: A ten-fold reduction in the hazard of being virologically tested positive was observed among anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive essential workers regardless of their sector of occupation, confirming the seroprotective effect of a previous SARS-CoV2 exposure at least six months after infection. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Reinfection, Essential workers, Occupation

scholarly journals Risk of dyslipidaemia with antipsychotic drug treatment in Chinese inpatients with mental illness: a hospital-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e043259
Author(s):  
Qiuyue Ma ◽  
Fude Yang ◽  
Botao Ma ◽  
Wenzhan Jing ◽  
Jue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data

ObjectivesTo determine the association of long-term use of antipsychotics with the risk of dyslipidaemia.DesignA hospital-based cohort study.SettingElectronic health record data of adult mental health inpatients in all 19 specialised psychiatric hospitals in Beijing from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2018 was obtained.ParticipantsParticipants were inpatients aged 18 years or older with at least two admissions, excluding those with diagnosed dyslipidaemia and fatty liver at the first admission. We included 22 329 adult inpatients with no dyslipidaemia and fatty liver at baseline. The exposure was antipsychotics use, defined as antipsychotics prescription in the treatment procedures of medical record preceding dyslipidaemia diagnosis during the follow-up period. 15 930 (71.34%) had antipsychotics use, and 6399 (28.66%) never had antipsychotics use. We used the length of follow-up as proxy for the duration of antipsychotics exposure.Primary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was newly recorded dyslipidaemia defined by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes.Results4069 inpatients had newly recorded dyslipidaemia during 73 418.07 person-years, the incidence rate was 5.54 per 100 person-years. The incidence rate was 7.22 per 100 person-years in the exposed group and 3.43 per 100 person-years in the unexposed group. Results of multivariate analysis showed that antipsychotics use was associated with higher risk of dyslipidaemia (adjusted HR, aHR 2.41, 95% CI 2.24 to 2.59, p<0.001), regardless of the duration of antipsychotics use. Inpatients aged 18–29 years had higher risk of dyslipidaemia (aHR 3.38, 95% CI 2.77 to 4.12, p=0.004) than those in other age groups. Inpatients without hypertension had substantially higher risk of dyslipidaemia after antipsychotic exposure.ConclusionsBoth short-term and long-term antipsychotics use was associated with higher risk of dyslipidaemia among Chinese inpatients with mental illness. Dyslipidaemia was especially prominent in young patients and those without hypertension.

scholarly journals Outcomes following feeding gastrostomy (FG) insertion in patients with learning disability: a retrospective cohort study using the health improvement network (THIN) database

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R Harvey ◽  
Tom Thomas ◽  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Neeraj Bhala ◽  
Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Health Improvement Network

ObjectivesTo measure the rates of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and mortality following feeding gastrostomy (FG) placement in patients with learning disability (LD). Following this to compare these rates between those having LRTI prior to FG placement and those with no recent LRTI.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsThe study population included patients with LD undergoing FG placement in the ‘The Health Improvement Network’ database. Patients with LRTI in the year prior (LYP) to their FG placement were compared with patients without a history of LRTI in the year prior (non-LYP) to FG placement. FG placement and LD were identified using Read codes previously developed by an expert panel.Main outcome measuresIncidence rate ratio (IRR) of developing LRTI and mortality following FG, comparing patients with LRTI in the year prior to FG placement to patients without a history of LRTI.Results214 patients with LD had a FG inserted including 743.4 person years follow-up. 53.7% were males and the median age was 27.6 (IQR 19.6 to 38.6) years. 27.1% were in the LYP patients. 18.7% had a LRTI in the year following FG, with an estimated incidence rate of 254 per 1000-person years. Over the study period the incidence rate of LRTI in LYP patients was 369 per 1000-person years, in non-LYP patients this was 91 per 1000-person years (adjusted IRR 4.21 (95% CI 2.68 to 6.63) p<0.001). 27.1% of patients died during study follow-up. Incidence rate of death was 80 and 45 per 1000-person year for LYP and non-LYP patients, respectively (adjusted IRR 1.80 (1.00 to 3.23) p=0.05).ConclusionIn LD patients, no clinically meaningful reduction in LRTI incidence was observed following FG placement. Mortality and LRTI were higher in patients with at least one LRTI in the year preceding FG placement, compared with those without a preceding LRTI.

scholarly journals Incidence of Tuberculosis in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Results from a Lithuanian Retrospective Cohort Study

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Dalia Miltinienė ◽  
Giedrė Deresevičienė ◽  
Birutė Nakčerienė ◽  
Valerija Edita Davidavičienė ◽  
Edvardas Danila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background and objective: With an increase in survival rates among rheumatic patients, comorbidities and infections, in particular, have gained more importance, especially after the introduction of biologicals to the treatment algorithms. Tuberculosis (TB) infection has always been given a special attention in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD). Although Lithuanian population has one of the highest TB incidence rates among European countries, the incidence of TB in the rheumatic patients’ population is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence rate of TB in an inflammatory RD retrospective cohort and to compare that rate with a rate in a general population. Material and Methods: Patients with the first-time diagnosis of inflammatory RD during the period between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017 were identified from the Lithuanian Compulsory Health Insurance Information System database SVEIDRA. All cases were cross-checked with Health Information center at the Institute of Hygiene, for the vital status of these patients and date of death if the fact of death was documented, and with Tuberculosis Register operated by Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, for the confirmation of TB cases. Sex and age standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated by dividing the observed numbers of TB among rheumatic patients by the expected number of cases, calculated using national rates from Lithuanian Department of Statistics Official Statistics website. Results: Overall, 8779 patients with newly diagnosed RD were identified during the 2013–2017 period, these included 458 patients who used biological disease modifying drugs (bDMARDs). The mean duration of the follow-up period was 2.71 years. The cohort consisted mainly of women (70%) and a half of the cohort were rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (53%). Mean age of patients at the time of RD diagnosis was 56 years (range = 18–97 years). There were 9 TB cases identified during 23,800 person years of follow-up: 2 cases among them were treated with bDMARDs. The mean calculated annual TB incidence in RD cohort was 37.81 per 100,000 person years, which is consistent with the incidence rate predicted by national estimates, with a resultant SIR of 0.90 (0.41–1.70). The unadjusted hazard ratio for bDMARD use versus no bDMARD use was 4.54 (0.94; 21.87) in a total cohort and very similar in rheumatoid arthritis cohort; in both cohorts, it was not a statistically significant risk. Conclusions: Here, we present the first nationwide cohort study to assess the incidence of TB in a broad spectrum of inflammatory RD. Although limited by short follow-up period, this study shows that TB incidence in RD cohort does not exceed TB incidence in the general Lithuanian population.

scholarly journals Population-based cohort study examining the association between splenectomy and empyema in adults in Taiwan

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e015101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Feng Lin ◽  
Kuan-Fu Liao ◽  
Ching-Mei Chang ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Shih-Wei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between splenectomy and empyema in Taiwan.MethodsA population-based cohort study was conducted using the hospitalisation dataset of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. A total of 13 193 subjects aged 20–84 years who were newly diagnosed with splenectomy from 2000 to 2010 were enrolled in the splenectomy group and 52 464 randomly selected subjects without splenectomy were enrolled in the non-splenectomy group. Both groups were matched by sex, age, comorbidities and the index year of undergoing splenectomy. The incidence of empyema at the end of 2011 was calculated. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the HR with 95% CI of empyema associated with splenectomy and other comorbidities.ResultsThe overall incidence rate of empyema was 2.56-fold higher in the splenectomy group than in the non-splenectomy group (8.85 vs 3.46 per 1000 person-years). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a higher cumulative incidence of empyema in the splenectomy group than in the non-splenectomy group (6.99% vs 3.37% at the end of follow-up). After adjusting for confounding variables, the adjusted HR of empyema was 2.89 for the splenectomy group compared with that for the non-splenectomy group. Further analysis revealed that HR of empyema was 4.52 for subjects with splenectomy alone.ConclusionThe incidence rate ratio between the splenectomy and non-splenectomy groups reduced from 2.87 in the first 5 years of follow-up to 1.73 in the period following the 5 years. Future studies are required to confirm whether a longer follow-up period would further reduce this average ratio. For the splenectomy group, the overall HR of developing empyema was 2.89 after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, which was identified from previous literature. The risk of empyema following splenectomy remains high despite the absence of these comorbidities.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of the Cardio‐Ankle Vascular Index for Cardiovascular Events in Patients at Cardiovascular Risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Miyoshi ◽  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Kohji Shirai ◽  
Shigeo Horinaka ◽  
Jitsuo Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Disease Risks

Background Arterial stiffness is an important predictor of cardiovascular events; however, indexes for measuring arterial stiffness have not been widely incorporated into routine clinical practice. This study aimed to determine whether the cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI), based on the blood pressure–independent stiffness parameter β and reflecting arterial stiffness from the origin of the ascending aorta, is a good predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors in a large prospective cohort. Methods and Results This multicenter prospective cohort study, commencing in May 2013, with a 5‐year follow‐up period, included patients (aged 40‒74 years) with cardiovascular disease risks. The primary outcome was the composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal stroke, or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Among 2932 included patients, 2001 (68.3%) were men; the mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 63 (8) years. During the median follow‐up of 4.9 years, 82 participants experienced primary outcomes. The CAVI predicted the primary outcome (hazard ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16‒1.65; P <0.001). In terms of event subtypes, the CAVI was associated with cardiovascular death and stroke but not with myocardial infarction. When the CAVI was incorporated into a model with known cardiovascular disease risks for predicting cardiovascular events, the global χ 2 value increased from 33.8 to 45.2 ( P <0.001), and the net reclassification index was 0.254 ( P =0.024). Conclusions This large cohort study demonstrated that the CAVI predicted cardiovascular events. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT01859897.

scholarly journals The effect of Hydroxychloroquine use due to rheumatic disease on the risk of Covid-19 infection and its course

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzer Korkmaz ◽  
Aslı Şener ◽  
Vedat Gerdan ◽  
İlker Kızıloglu
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability ◽  
Pcr Test

Introduction COVID-19 virus continues to spread and die worldwide. Some studies examining hydroxychloroquine as a prophylactic agent reported that its efficiency and reliability have not been proven so that it must not be used for prophylaxis other than clinical researches. However we think that the results of this study we conducted in a local area will contribute to the literature data. Methods The study was designed as adult patients who were in follow-up taking HC due to their chronic diseases were included. 384 patients who were taking hydroxychloroquine regularly and 299 patients who were not taking hydroxychloroquine were included. The primary outcome of this study is to detect a positive PCR result in patients who received a PCR test and to determine the incidence rate and its course of the disease among those who were taking HC and those who were not taking hydroxychloroquine. Results The majority of the patients (median age: 51.8- range 17-89) were women and housewives. In the patient group using hydroxychloroquine, 22 patients were tested for PCR and only 2 positive patients were found. Covid-19 was detected in 24 (8.02%) of 65 (21.73%) patients who underwent PCR test at Control group (n = 299). PCR positivity was statistically lower in the HK group (n = 2, 0.52%, n = 24, 8.02%, respectively, p = 0.0001). Conclusions Our study supported the fact that there is a lower PCR positivity and symptoms are milder among patients who are using HC regularly, as compared to those who are not using hydroxychloroquine.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Serum Uric Acid and Prediabetes: A Six-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Zhan Zhao ◽  
Yongmin Mu ◽  
Xiaoping Zou ◽  
Dechun Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equation ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

This study aimed to examine gender differences in the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and the risk of prediabetes in a longitudinal cohort. A total of 8237 participants in the Beijing Health Management Cohort study were recruited and surveyed during 2008–2009, and followed up in 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 surveys. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to evaluate the association between SUA and prediabetes. Furthermore, subgroup analyses assessed the primary outcome according to status of abdominal obesity, age and status of hypertension. During six years of follow-up, we identified 1083 prediabetes events. The GEE analyses confirmed and clarified the association between SUA and prediabetes (RR = 1.362; 95% CI = 1.095–1.696; p = 0.006) after adjusting for other potential confounders, especially in females (RR = 2.109; 95% CI = 1.329–3.347; p = 0.002). In addition, this association was stronger in the subgroup of females aged ≥48 years old (RR = 2.384; 95% CI = 1.417–4.010; p = 0.001). The risk for prediabetes increased significantly with increasing SUA for females in the Chinese population. This association was strongly confirmed in older females aged ≥48 years old rather than in younger females, which may provide clues for pathogenic mechanisms of gender differences in the association between SUA and prediabetes.

scholarly journals Incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up among HIV-positive adults in northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Yigzaw Birhanu ◽  
Cheru Tesema Leshargie ◽  
Animut Alebel ◽  
Fasil Wagnew ◽  
Melkamu Siferih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Loss To Follow Up

Abstract Background Despite the rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy services, ‘loss to follow-up’ is a significant public health concern globally. Loss to follow-up of individuals from ART has a countless negative impact on the treatment outcomes. There is, however, limited information about the incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up in our study area. Thus, this study aimed to determine the incidence rate and predictors of loss to follow-up among adult HIV patients on ART. Methods A retrospective cohort study was undertaken using 484 HIV patients between January 30, 2008, and January 26, 2018, at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. All eligible HIV patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Data were entered into Epi-data Version 4.2 and analyzed using STATATM Version 14.0 software. The Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard estimator was used to estimate the hazard rate of loss to follow-up, and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival curve between different categorical variables. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazard regression models were fitted to identify predictors of LTFU. Results Among a cohort of 484 HIV patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, 84 (17.36%) were loss their ART follow-up. The overall incidence rate of loss to follow-up was 3.7 (95% CI 3.0, 5.0) per 100 adult-years. The total LTFU free time of the participants was 2294.8 person-years. In multivariable Cox-regression analysis, WHO stage IV (AHR 2.8; 95% CI 1.2, 6.2), having no cell phone (AHR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1, 3.4), and rural residence (AHR 0.6; 95% CI 0.37, 0.99) were significant predictors of loss to follow-up. Conclusion The incidence of loss to ART follow-up in this study was low. Having no cell phone and WHO clinical stage IV were causative predictors, and rural residence was the only protective factor of loss to follow-up. Therefore, available intervention modalities should be strengthened to mitigate loss to follow-up by addressing the identified risk factors.

scholarly journals POS0213 20 Year Follow-Up Of Cardiovascular Event Risk In Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared To Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 324.1-324
Author(s):  
R. Raadsen ◽  
R. Agca ◽  
A. Voskuyl ◽  
M. Boers ◽  
W. Lems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Event Risk

Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have an increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared to the general population, similar to the CVD risk in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, there are no controlled studies investigating the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in RA patients with follow up of more than 20 years.Objectives:The objectives of the current study were to investigate the incidence rates of CV events in a long-term follow up cohort of RA patients, and to compare these to a similar cohort representing the general population, ie. The Hoorn study.Methods:The CARRÉ study is an ongoing prospective cohort study, which started in 2001, investigating CV mortality and morbidity in 353 randomly selected patients with RA. Primary endpoints, i.e. verified medical history of coronary, cerebral or peripheral arterial disease, were determined at baseline, and after three, ten, fifteen and twenty years of follow up. Patients were censored at the date of an experienced CV event or their death. Incidence density rates per 100 patient years were calculated. Data were compared to results from the Hoorn study, a Dutch cohort study of glucose metabolism and other CV risk factors that began in 1989. All 2,484 participants were subject to an extensive and repeated CV screening program similar to that used in the CARRÉ study.Results:After 20 years of follow up 118 patients (33%) developed at least one CV event in the Carré group. Mean (SD) follow up time was 11 (6) years with a total of 3,500 years at risk and an incidence rate of 3.4 per 100 patient-years; this is slightly up from the figure reported at 15 years, i.e. 3.2 per 100 patient-years. A CV event-free survival curve is shown in figure 1. After 30 years of follow up, 295 participants of the Hoorn study had developed a CV event, during a mean follow up time 20 (8) years. Total time at risk was 50,000 years, with an incidence rate of 0.6 CV events per 100 patient years.Conclusion:In our cohort the incidence rate of CV events in RA patients has remained consistently high when compared with the general population, despite better control of RA inflammation in recent years. This again confirms the need for timely CVD-risk screening and management.References:[1]Agca R, Hopman L, Laan KJC, van Halm VP, Peters MJL, Smulders YM, et al. Cardiovascular Event Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared with Type 2 Diabetes: A 15-year Longitudinal Study. J Rheumatol. 2020;47(3):316-24.Figure 1.Survival curve of participants with rheumatoid arthritis. RA = rheumatoid arthritisDisclosure of Interests:None declared

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