scholarly journals Endocrine changes in SARS-CoV-2 patients and lessons from SARS-CoV

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (1137) ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubham Agarwal ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Sars Coronavirus ◽  
Endocrine Disturbances ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Convalescence Phase ◽  
Significant Mortality

Coronavirus infection outbreaks have occurred frequently in the last two decades and have led to significant mortality. Despite the focus on reducing mortality by preventing the spread of the virus, patients have died due to several other complications of the illness. The understanding of pathological mechanisms and their implications is continuously evolving. A number of symptoms occur in these patients due to the involvement of various endocrine glands. These clinical presentations went largely unnoticed during the first outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002–2003. A few of these derangements continued during the convalescence phase and sometimes occurred after recovery. Similar pathological and biochemical changes are being reported with the novel coronavirus disease outbreak in 2020. In this review, we focus on these endocrine changes that have been reported in both SARS coronavirus and SARS coronavirus-2. As we battle the pandemic, it becomes imperative to address these underlying endocrine disturbances that are contributing towards or predicting mortality of these patients.

scholarly journals The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor ACE2 and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for entry into target cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hoffmann ◽  
Hannah Kleine-Weber ◽  
Nadine Krüger ◽  
Marcel Müller ◽  
Christian Drosten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sars Coronavirus ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Cellular Protease

AbstractThe emergence of a novel, highly pathogenic coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, in China, and its rapid national and international spread pose a global health emergency. Coronaviruses use their spike proteins to select and enter target cells and insights into nCoV-2019 spike (S)-driven entry might facilitate assessment of pandemic potential and reveal therapeutic targets. Here, we demonstrate that 2019-nCoV-S uses the SARS-coronavirus receptor, ACE2, for entry and the cellular protease TMPRSS2 for 2019-nCoV-S priming. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor blocked entry and might constitute a treatment option. Finally, we show that the serum form a convalescent SARS patient neutralized 2019-nCoV-S-driven entry. Our results reveal important commonalities between 2019-nCoV and SARS-coronavirus infection, which might translate into similar transmissibility and disease pathogenesis. Moreover, they identify a target for antiviral intervention.One sentence summaryThe novel 2019 coronavirus and the SARS-coronavirus share central biological properties which can guide risk assessment and intervention.

Quarantining At Home Controls COVID-19 Exposes, May Increase Asthma Mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Transmission Speed ◽  
Asthma Mortality ◽  
Very High

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) firstly, was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The isolated virus was identified as genus β-coronavirus, placing it alongside other SARS and MERS. At the 1 May 2020, over 200 countries have confirmed cases, the number of patients infected by the virus has now surpassed 3,301,792 and with 233,729 deaths from the virus. Compared with mortality for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is being responsible for more total deaths because of the increased transmission speed. The WHO has raised global coronavirus Disease outbreak risk to "Very High", and SARS-CoV-2 infection was become a serious threat to public health. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is main problem is infected patients that leads to hospitalization of large number of people.

Association and treatment of diabetes in patients affected by Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
Syed Yasir Afaque
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Composite Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, a unique coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in the province of Wuhan in China. Since then, it spread rapidly all over the world and has been responsible for a large number of morbidity and mortality among humans. According to a latest study, Diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, Hypertension etc. are being considered important risk factors for the development of this infection and is also associated with unfavorable outcomes in these patients. There is little evidence concerning the trail back of these patients possibly because of a small number of participants and people who experienced primary composite outcomes (such as admission in the ICU, usage of machine-driven ventilation or even fatality of these patients). Until now, there are no academic findings that have proven independent prognostic value of diabetes on death in the novel Coronavirus patients. However, there are several conjectures linking Diabetes with the impact as well as progression of COVID-19 in these patients. The aim of this review is to acknowledge about the association amongst Diabetes and the novel Coronavirus and the result of the infection in such patients.

High cytokine levels and cytokine storm in the novel coronavirus infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Maksim Leonidovich Maksimov ◽  
Albina Ayratovna Zvegintseva ◽  
Lyudmila Yurievna Kulagina ◽  
Albina Zainutdinovna Nigmedzyanova ◽  
Elvina Ramisovna Kadyseva
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
The Public ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

A review article is based on current foreign sources. The level of cytokines in the peripheral blood can be increased in many diseases, but in some cases there may be an excess of their normal concentration in tens, hundreds or more times with the development of a peculiar clinical picture, which is based on a systemic inflammatory reaction. In the literature this condition has received the figurative name «cytokine storm», which highlights an extremely violent reaction of the immune system with an unknown (often unfavorable) outcome. Close attention of the scientific world and the public to the problem of extremely high levels of cytokines in the peripheral blood (hypercytokinemia) was drawn due to the high frequency of the cytokine storm in the novel coronavirus infection.

FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND TACTICS OF MANAGING CHILDREN WITH KIDNEYS AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES DURING THE PANDEMIC OF NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
I.M. Kagantsov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Sizonov ◽  
V.G. Svarich ◽  
K.P. Piskunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Significant Health

The novel coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has been declared a global pandemic by WHO. COVID-19 affects people of all age groups. The disease in children is usually asymptomatic or mild compared to adults, and with a significantly lower death rates. Data on kidney damage in children with COVID-19, as well as the effect of coronavirus infection on the course of diseases of the genitourinary system, are limited, the risks of contracting a new coronavirus infection in children with significant health problems, including those with chronic kidney disease, remain uncertain. The pandemic has affected the activities of surgeons treating diseases of the urinary system in children. Since the prospects for the end of the pandemic are vague, it is necessary to formulate criteria for selecting patients who can and should be provided with routine care in the pandemic. The purpose of this review is to highlight the features of the clinical manifestations and treatment of children with COVID-19, occurring against the background of previous renal pathology or complicating its course.

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) concurrent with pseudomembranous colitis in the early postpartum period: a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Vol 9_2021 ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Shklyaev A.E. Shklyaev A ◽  
Bessonov A.G. Bessonov A ◽  
Chushyalova D.A. Chushyalova D ◽  
Mikhailova M.D. Mikhailova M ◽  
Meleshkina M.V. Meleshkina M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Early Postpartum Period ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

scholarly journals Cutaneous manifestations in children with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
O. B. Tamrazova ◽  
A. S. Stadnikova ◽  
E. V. Rudikova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In late 2019, a new viral infection appeared in China, which spread around the world, causing a pandemic. The causative agent of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The review presents modern data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and course of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children. Chinese, American and European scientists have described a variety of cutaneous manifestations in children with COVID-19. The article provides a literature review of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in children. During our own observation of 301 patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 at the Bashlyaevs Children Hospital in Moscow from May 17 to November 16, 2020, it was revealed that 39 (13 %) patients had skin manifestations. The article presents a classification of skin manifestations characteristic of COVID-19. A brief description of each group is given.

Hemorrhagic complications of а novel coronavirus infection: actual clinical problem.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Б. Симарова ◽  
С.Н. Переходов ◽  
А.Ю. Буланов
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hemorrhagic Events ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Гиперкоагуляционный характер коагулопатии, ассоциированной с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19, и высокий риск связанных с этим тромботических осложнений — хорошо известный факт на сегодняшний день. Тем не менее в литературе имеются описания и геморрагических событий у больных COVID. В обзоре приведен анализ публикаций, описывающих кровотечения при коронавирусной инфекции; общая частота их в среднем составляет 4–8%. Превалируют желудочно-кишечные кровотечения, существенную часть составляют межмышечные гематомы и кровоизлияния в кожу и слизистые. Показана предиктивная роль применения антикоагулянтов в терапевтических дозах и гипофибриногенемии. Отмечено отсутствие четкого понимания патофизиологических механизмов. Hypercoagulable character of coagulopathy associated with the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, and the high risk of associated thrombotic complications is a well-known fact. However, there are also case reports of hemorrhagic events in COVID patients in the literature. The review summarizes the publications describing bleedings in coronavirus infection; their overall frequency is on average 4–8%. Gastrointestinal bleeding are prevalent, intermuscular hematomas and hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes are frequent. The predictive role of anticoagulants use in therapeutic doses and hypofibrinogenemia is shown. The absence of clear understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms is noted.

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