Risk perceptions and continued smoking as a function of cigarette filter ventilation level among US youth and young adults who smoke

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056833
Author(s):  
Dana Mowls Carroll ◽  
Katelyn M Tessier ◽  
K Michael Cummings ◽  
Richard J O'Connor ◽  
Sarah Reisinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Cigarette Filter ◽  
Cigarette Brand ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

BackgroundWhile evidence demonstrates that the industry’s marketing of cigarettes with higher filter ventilation (FV) misleads adults about their health risks, there is no research on the relationships between FV, risk perceptions and smoking trajectories among youth (ages 12–17) and young adults (ages 18–24).MethodsData on FV levels of major US cigarette brands/sub-brands were merged with the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study to examine whether FV level in cigarettes used by wave 1 youth/young adults (n=1970) predicted continued smoking at waves 2–4, and whether those relationships were mediated by perceived risk of their cigarette brand. FV was modelled based on tertiles (0.2%–11.8%, low; 11.9%–23.2%, moderate; 23.3%–61.1%, high) to predict daily smoking, past 30-day smoking and change in number of days smoking at successive waves.ResultsThe odds of perceiving one’s brand as less harmful than other cigarette brands was 2.21 times higher in the high versus low FV group (p=0.0146). Relationships between FV and smoking outcomes at successive waves were non-significant (all p>0.05).ConclusionYouth and young adults who use higher FV cigarettes perceived their brand as less harmful compared with other brands. However, level of FV was not associated with continued smoking.

scholarly journals Menthol and Mint Cigarettes and Cigars: Initiation and Progression in Youth, Young Adults and Adults in Waves 1–4 of the PATH Study, 2013–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C Villanti ◽  
Amanda L Johnson ◽  
Michael J Halenar ◽  
Eva Sharma ◽  
K Michael Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
Menthol Cigarettes ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Subsequent Wave

Abstract Introduction This study examined in youth (12–17 years), young adults (18–24 years), and adults (25+ years): (1) the prevalence of the first menthol cigarette and menthol/mint cigar use among new tobacco users; (2) association between the first menthol/mint use, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence ~1 year later compared with the first non-menthol/mint use. Aims and Methods Longitudinal analysis of data from Waves 1 to 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013–2017; 10 086 youth and 21 281 adults). Main outcome measures were past 12-month and past 30-day cigarette and cigar use, and nicotine dependence. Results Youth and young adult new cigarette users are more likely to smoke a menthol cigarette or indicate that they do not know the flavor compared with adults aged 25+. A greater proportion of adults aged 25+ first used menthol/mint-flavored cigars (13.4%) compared with youth (8.5%) and young adults (7.4%). Among young adults, first use of a menthol cigarette is associated with past 12-month use of cigarettes at the subsequent wave and first use of any menthol/mint-flavored cigars is associated with past 30-day use of these products at the subsequent wave in both youth and young adults. In youth and adults, there were no significant relationships between first use of a menthol/mint cigarette or cigar and nicotine dependence scores at a subsequent wave in multivariable analyses. Conclusions The first use of menthol/mint cigarettes and cigars is associated with subsequent cigarette and cigar use in young people aged 12–24. Implications This study examined the relationship between initiation with menthol cigarettes and menthol/mint cigars, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence in US youth, young adults, and adults who participated in Waves 1–4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study. New use of menthol cigarettes was associated with greater past 12-month cigarette use in young adults and new use of menthol/mint-flavored cigars was associated with greater past 30-day cigar use in youth and young adults compared with non-menthol use. Initiation with menthol/mint cigarette and cigar products may lead to subsequent use of those products.

scholarly journals Correlates of poly-tobacco use among youth and young adults: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, 2013–2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatokunbo Osibogun ◽  
Ziyad Ben Taleb ◽  
Raed Bahelah ◽  
Ramzi G. Salloum ◽  
Wasim Maziak
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

scholarly journals Cannabis health knowledge and risk perceptions among Canadian youth and young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Leos-Toro ◽  
Geoffrey T. Fong ◽  
Samantha B. Meyer ◽  
David Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

scholarly journals Waterpipe tobacco package warning exposure’s impact on risk perceptions and use among young adults in the USA: a longitudinal analysis of the population assessment of tobacco and health study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (e1) ◽  
pp. e16-e23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L King ◽  
Beth A Reboussin ◽  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
Erin L Sutfin
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Waterpipe Use

BackgroundAlthough Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-mandated waterpipe tobacco warnings were not required until August 2018, some waterpipe tobacco packaging (WTP) sold in the USA, contained warnings prior to this date. We examined the prevalence of WTP warning exposure and whether exposure influenced risk perceptions or use among young adult (aged 18–24 years) current waterpipe users.MethodsWe used data from waves 1 (2013–2014) and 2 (2014–2015) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative longitudinal study of US adults and youth. We conducted logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with wave 1 warning exposure, and whether wave 1 WTP warning exposure predicted wave 2 relative risk perceptions and waterpipe use.ResultsMore than one-third of our sample (35.9%, 95% CI 33.5 to 38.4) reported past-month WTP warning exposure. Exposure was higher among males (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.34, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.72), those who usually do not share the waterpipe (AOR=3.10, 95% CI 1.45 to 6.60), those who purchased waterpipe tobacco (AOR=1.73, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.34), and those with a regular brand (AOR=1.84, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.68). Those exposed to WTP warnings at wave 1 were more likely than those not exposed to perceive waterpipe tobacco to be as or more harmful than cigarettes at wave 2 (AOR=1.35, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.78). There was no association between wave 1 WTP exposure and wave 2 waterpipe use.ConclusionsMore than one-third of US young adult current waterpipe users reported WTP warning exposure prior to FDA-mandated warning implementation. Findings suggest the mandated warning may result in high exposure among users; it will be critical to assess exposure’s impact on risk perceptions and behaviour after FDA-mandated warnings are implemented.

Communicating Health Risks to the Public

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
James Leonhardt ◽  
Robin Keller ◽  
Ronald Lembke
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Numeric Formats ◽  
Probability Information ◽  
Potential Tool

<p xss=removed><span lang="EN-US" xss=removed>Health risks, such as the probability of experiencing a side effect from a medication, are typically communicated numerically. However, presenting risks in strictly numeric formats is problematic considering that the public often experiences difficulty in comprehending strictly numeric probabilities. To help overcome this problem, Leonhardt and Keller (2018) tested the efficacy of using pictographs to visually present probabilistic information to health consumers. They found that the addition of pictographs alongside numeric probability information increased probability comprehension and lessened the perceived risk of a multiple risk health option. Here, we review relevant work on probability format and build on the general evaluability theory to posit why pictographs may result in lower risk perceptions of multiple risk options. We discuss current limitations in our understanding of how the public perceives multiple risk options, and we highlight opportunities for future research. For instance, we introduce Quick Response (QR) codes as a potential tool to help consumers view health risks in multiple formats on the Internet.</span><br></p>

scholarly journals Exposure to Caffeinated Energy Drink Marketing and Educational Messages among Youth and Young Adults in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Wiggers ◽  
Mark Asbridge ◽  
N. Baskerville ◽  
Jessica Reid ◽  
David Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Educational Message ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

The objective of the current study was to evaluate young Canadians’ exposure to caffeinated energy drink marketing and educational messages that warn about the potential health risks of energy drinks. An online survey was conducted in 2015 with youth and young adults aged 12–24 years recruited from a national online panel (n = 2023). Respondents were asked about their exposure to energy drink marketing and educational messages that warn about the potential health risks of energy drinks. Regression models were fitted to examine correlates of exposure to marketing and to educational messages. Over 80% of respondents reported ever seeing energy drink marketing through at least one channel, most commonly television (58.8%), posters or signs in a convenience or grocery store (48.5%), and online ads (45.7%). The mean number of marketing channels selected was 3.4 (SD = 2.9) out of ten. Respondents aged 18–19 (vs. 12–14 and 15–17) and 20–24 (vs. 12–14 and 15–17) reported significantly more channels of exposure to marketing. Overall, 32% of respondents reporting ever seeing an educational message about energy drinks. The most frequently reported sources of exposure were at school (16.2%), online (15.0%), and on television (12.6%). Respondents aged 18–19 (vs. 12–14, 15–17 and 20–24) and 20–24 (vs. 15–17) were significantly more likely to report having seen an educational message. Exposure to energy drink marketing was common among youth and young adults and was significantly more prevalent than exposure to educational messages that warn about the potential health risks of energy drinks. A comprehensive policy approach, including enforcing responsible marketing and increasing education surrounding the risks of consuming energy drinks, may be an effective approach in promoting lower-risk consumption of CEDs.

Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising among Young Adults with Internalizing Problems: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-556
Author(s):  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Rajiv N. Rimal ◽  
Amy M. Cohn ◽  
Amanda Lee Johnson ◽  
Cristine D. Delnevo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Tobacco Advertising

scholarly journals Longitudinal pathways of exclusive and polytobacco smokeless use among youth, young adults and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1–3 (2013–2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. s170-s177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sharma ◽  
Kathryn C Edwards ◽  
Michael J Halenar ◽  
Kristie A Taylor ◽  
Karin A Kasza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectiveUse of smokeless tobacco (SLT) with other tobacco products is growing, yet gaps in understanding transitions among SLT and other product use remain. The aim of this study is to examine cross-sectional prevalence and longitudinal pathways of SLT use among US youth (12–17 years), young adults (18–24 years) and adults 25+ (25 years and older).DesignData were drawn from the first three waves (2013–2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth and adults. Respondents with data at all three waves (youth, n=11 046; young adults, n=6478; adults 25+, n=17 188) were included in longitudinal analyses.ResultsYoung adults had the highest current SLT use compared with other age groups. Among Wave 1 (W1) past 30-day youth and young adult SLT users, most were SLT and cigarette polytobacco users compared with adults 25+, who more often used SLT exclusively. Among W1 exclusive SLT users, persistent exclusive use across all three waves was more common among adults 25+, while transitioning from exclusive SLT use to SLT polytobacco use at Wave 2 or Wave 3 was more common among youth and young adults. Among W1 SLT and cigarette polytobacco users, a common pathway was discontinuing SLT use but continuing other tobacco use.ConclusionsOur results showed distinct longitudinal transitions among exclusive and SLT polytobacco users. Deeper understanding of these critical product transitions will allow for further assessment of population health impact of these products.

Poly-Tobacco Use among Young Adults in the United States: Findings from the Population Assessment on Tobacco and Health Study, 2013–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatokunbo Osibogun ◽  
Rana Jaber ◽  
Raed Bahelah ◽  
Ziyad Ben Taleb ◽  
Wasim Maziak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Population Assessment

scholarly journals Use of Flavored E-Cigarettes Among Adolescents, Young Adults, and Older Adults: Findings From the Population Assessment for Tobacco and Health Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir S. Soneji ◽  
Kristin E. Knutzen ◽  
Andrea C. Villanti
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Concurrent Use

Objectives: The use of flavored electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is common among e-cigarette users, but little is known about the potential harms of flavorings, the extent to which the concurrent use of multiple flavor types occurs, and the correlates of flavor type use. The objective of this study was to assess the types of e-cigarette flavors used by adolescent (aged 12-17), young adult (aged 18-24), and older adult (aged ≥25) e-cigarette users. Methods: We assessed the prevalence of flavored e-cigarette use within the past month by flavor types and concurrent use of multiple flavor types among past-month e-cigarette users sampled during Wave 2 (2014-2015) of the Population Assessment for Tobacco and Health Study among 414 adolescents, 961 young adults, and 1711 older adults. We used weighted logistic regression models for the use of fruit-, candy-, mint/menthol–, tobacco-, or other-flavored e-cigarettes and concurrent use of multiple flavor types. Covariates included demographic characteristics, e-cigarette use frequency, cigarette smoking status, current use of other tobacco products, and reasons for e-cigarette use. Results: The leading e-cigarette flavor types among adolescents were fruit, candy, and other flavors; among young adults were fruit, candy, and mint/menthol; and among older adults were tobacco or other flavors, fruit, and mint/menthol. Compared with older adults, adolescents and young adults were more likely to use fruit-flavored e-cigarettes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.56-4.38; and aOR = 2.31; 95% CI, 1.77-3.01, respectively) and candy-flavored e-cigarettes (aOR = 3.81; 95% CI, 2.74-5.28; and aOR = 2.95; 95% CI, 2.29-3.80, respectively) and concurrently use multiple flavor types (aOR = 4.58; 95% CI, 3.39-6.17; and aOR = 2.28; 95% CI, 1.78-2.91, respectively). Conclusions: Regulation of sweet e-cigarette flavors (eg, fruit and candy) may help reduce the use of e-cigarettes among young persons without substantially burdening adult e-cigarette users.

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