Egg size, fecundity, and development rate of two introduced New Zealand chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1946-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T Kinnison ◽  
Martin J Unwin ◽  
William K Hershberger ◽  
Thomas P Quinn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Temperature Records

Interpopulation differences in several adult phenotypic traits suggest that New Zealand (NZ) chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are evolving into distinct populations. To further investigate this hypothesis, we compared egg sizes, fecundities, and early development rates of chinook from two NZ streams. The two NZ study populations differed in size-adjusted egg weight and gonadosomatic index, but not in size-adjusted fecundity. Egg weight, fecundity, and gonadosomatic index values for both NZ populations were different than values for chinook from Battle Creek, California, the population regarded as the ancestral NZ stock. In contrast, there was little evidence of divergence in juvenile development. Time to hatching did not differ between the two NZ study populations and heritability estimates were small with large standard errors. Evidence of a small difference in alevin growth rate may have represented an effect of yolk conversion mechanics related to egg size. Despite the similarity in development rates under shared conditions, modeling based on temperature records suggests that emergence dates in the two NZ streams may differ by 4-6 weeks, yielding significant phenotypic differences.

Growth and salinity tolerance of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from two introduced New Zealand populations

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2219-2226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T Kinnison ◽  
Martin J Unwin ◽  
Thomas P Quinn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
First Year ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Yolk Absorption ◽  
Size Growth

Self-sustaining populations of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were established in New Zealand, from a common introduction group, near the turn of the 20th century. To investigate possible population divergence over this relatively short time scale we compared size, growth, and hypersalinity tolerance of families from two populations over their first year of rearing under shared conditions. Differences in initial fry mass were consistent with egg-size differences, but there was also evidence of genetic differences in early growth rates. Size differences between the populations decreased over time and rank correlations of mean family mass with initial egg and fry masses degraded over increasing intervals to nearly zero by the end of the year. Population effects on hypersalinity tolerance were not apparent after 4, 6, or 10 months of rearing (from yolk absorption), but family effects were suggested by ANOVAs and by the existence of groups of families with seemingly different relative seasonal optima for tolerance. Thus far, investigation of juvenile traits under common environmental conditions has shown less genetic divergence between the two New Zealand populations than is suggested by the range of differences found for phenotypic traits measured on wild adults in previous investigations.

Using near infrared spectroscopy to assess the composition of New Zealand aquaculture species

NIR news ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Matthew R Miller ◽  
Jonathan Puddick ◽  
Jane E Symonds ◽  
Seumas P Walker ◽  
Hong (Sabrina) Tian
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Society Meeting ◽  
Perna Canaliculus

Near infrared spectroscopy has been employed to determine the proximate composition of Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Greenshell Mussels™ ( Perna canaliculus). This work was presented at the Australian Near Infrared Spectroscopy Group and New Zealand Near Infrared Spectroscopy Society meeting in Rotorua, 11–12 April 2018, where it won the best overall presentation award for Near Infrared Science (Figure 1).

Fry-to-adult survival of natural and hatchery-produced chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from a common origin

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1246-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Unwin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Stock Size ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
Stock Recruitment

Fry-to-adult survival rates for chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from Glenariffe Stream, a tributary of the Rakaia River, New Zealand, were estimated for fish of both natural and hatchery origin. Survival of naturally produced fry, most of which leave Glenariffe Stream within 24 h of emergence, averaged 0.079% (range 0.013-1.17%). For hatchery fish released at 8-12 months, standardised to a mean weight of 38 g, survival covaried with weight at release consistently across all brood years and averaged 0.34% (range 0.008-3.28%). Survival rates for hatchery fish were four times higher than for naturally produced fry, but were extremely poor relative to their size at release. Survival rates for fish of natural and hatchery origin were positively correlated, suggesting that recruitment of both stocks is primarily controlled by common influences within the marine environment, probably during the first winter at sea. Stock-recruitment analysis for the natural population showed little tendency for recruitment to increase with stock size, suggesting that marine survival rates may be density dependent. Although the reasons for the relatively poor survival of hatchery fish are unclear, the results provide a case study in which hatchery fish appear to have a poorer ``fitness to survive'' than their natural counterparts.

scholarly journals Egg size and emergence timing affect morphology and behavior in juvenile Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 778-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Cogliati ◽  
Julia R. Unrein ◽  
Heather A. Stewart ◽  
Carl B. Schreck ◽  
David L. G. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook ◽  
And Behavior

Vertebral fusions in farmed Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Davie ◽  
Seamus P. Walker ◽  
Matthew R. Perrott ◽  
Jane E. Symonds ◽  
Mark Preece ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha

New Zealand rickettsia‐like organism ( NZ ‐ RLO ) and Tenacibaculum maritimum : Distribution and phylogeny in farmed Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha )

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Brosnahan ◽  
John S. Munday ◽  
Hye Jeong Ha ◽  
Mark Preece ◽  
John B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha
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