Regional variation in wood specific gravity of planted loblolly pine in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Jordan ◽  
Alexander Clark ◽  
Laurence R. Schimleck ◽  
Daniel B. Hall ◽  
Richard F. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
The South ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Natural Range

Loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) is the most important plantation species in the southeastern United States and specific gravity (SG) is its most important wood quality trait. Analysis of annual ring SG of breast height (1.37 m) increment cores from 3957 trees representing 147 plantations across the species natural range showed that ring SG increases with increasing age and varies significantly among physiographic regions. The South Atlantic and Gulf regions had the highest ring SGs, while the Hilly and Piedmont regions had the lowest. Based on ring SG, the juvenile period averages 4.3 years, followed by 8.6 years of transition wood, with mature wood produced by year 13. Whole-core mean SG was significantly higher in the South Atlantic (0.486) compared with the other regions (mean = 0.455), which were not statistically different from each other. Trees from the South Atlantic have significantly higher whole-core SG because they contain significantly more latewood (40.1%) compared with trees growing in other regions (33.8%). Maps indicate that stands in the South Atlantic and Gulf regions have the highest SG at a given age. Stands growing on the northern and western fringe of the natural range of loblolly pine have the lowest whole-core SG.

scholarly journals Regional Characterization of Tornado Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Trapp ◽  
Harold E. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Gamma Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
The South ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Statistical Behavior

AbstractIn the United States, tornado activity of a given year is usually assessed in terms of the total number of human-reported tornadoes. Such assessments fail to account for the seldom-acknowledged fact that an active (or inactive) tornado year for the United States does not necessarily equate with activity (or inactivity) everywhere in the country. The authors illustrate this by comparing the geospatial tornado distributions from 1987, 2004, and 2011. Quantified in terms of the frequency of daily tornado occurrence (or “tornado days”), the high activity in the South Atlantic and upper Midwest regions was a major contributor to the record-setting number of tornadoes in 2004. The high activity in 2011 arose from significant tornado occurrences in the Southeast and lower Midwest. The authors also show that the uniqueness of the activity during these years can be determined by modeling the local statistical behavior of tornado days by a gamma distribution.

The Persistence of Southern Cult Gorgets among the Historic Kansa

1956 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Howard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Human Face ◽  
The South ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Outer Whorl ◽  
Shaped Section

Shell gorgets in the shape of a human face are well-known artifacts of the North American archaeological complex often termed the “Southern Cult.” These gorgets were usually made of a pear-shaped section of the outer whorl of the shell of the whelk (Busycon perversum). Though the whelk is found only on the South Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States, gorgets of this material have been found as far north as Manitoba and Saskatchewan (Montgomery 1908).Recently the writer, in reading ethnographic accounts of the Kansa, was surprised to find descriptions, together with one native drawing, of what are very likely Southern Cult gorgets, used in Kansa war-bundle ceremonies as late as 1883. Since no one, so far as is known, has pointed out the persistence of th's archaeological trait in historic Kansa culture, a few notes are perhaps appropriate.The earlier of the 2 accounts, and one which is liable to be overlooked by most anthropologists, is J. Owen Dorsey's “Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas” (1885).

scholarly journals Geographic and Regional Variability in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Stroke Thrombolysis in the United States

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deji Suolang ◽  
Bridget J. Chen ◽  
Nae-Yuh Wang ◽  
Rebecca F. Gottesman ◽  
Roland Faigle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
North Central ◽  
South Atlantic Region ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Background and Purpose: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) after ischemic stroke is underutilized in racially/ethnically minoritized groups. We aimed to determine the regional and geographic variability in racial/ethnic IVT disparities in the United States. Methods: Acute ischemic stroke admissions between 2012 and 2018 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between IVT and race/ethnicity, stratified by geographic region and controlling for demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics. Results: Of the 545 509 included cases, 47 031 (8.6%) received IVT. Racially/ethnically minoritized groups had significantly lower adjusted odds of IVT compared with White people in the South Atlantic region (odds ratio [OR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.82–0.91]), the East North Central region (OR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.85–0.97]) and the Pacific region (OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.85–0.96]). In the South Atlantic region, IVT use in racial/ethnic minority groups was below the national average of all racial/ethnic minority patients ( P =0.002). Compared with White patients, Black patients had lower odds of IVT in the Middle Atlantic region (OR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.78–0.91]), the South Atlantic region (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.74–0.82]), and the East North Central region (OR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.79–0.93]). In the South Atlantic region, this difference was below the national average for Black people ( P <0.001). Hispanic patients had significantly lower use of IVT only in the Pacific region (OR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.85–0.99]), while Asian/Pacific Islander patients had lower odds of IVT in the Mountain (OR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.59–0.98]) and Pacific region (OR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82–0.97]). Conclusions: Racial/ethnic disparities in IVT use in the United States vary by region. Geographic hotspots of lower IVT use in racially/ethnically minoritized groups are the South Atlantic region, driven predominantly by lower use of IVT in Black patients, and the East North Central and Pacific regions.

Modeling the longitudinal variation in wood specific gravity of planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Antony ◽  
L. R. Schimleck ◽  
R. F. Daniels ◽  
A. Clark ◽  
D. B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is a major plantation species grown in the southern United States, producing wood having a multitude of uses including pulp and lumber production. Specific gravity (SG) is an important property used to measure the quality of wood produced, and it varies regionally and within the tree with height and radius. SG at different height levels was measured from 407 trees representing 135 plantations across the natural range of loblolly pine. A three-segment quadratic model and a semiparametric model were proposed to explain the vertical and regional variations in SG. Both models were in agreement that a stem can be divided into three segments based on the vertical variation in SG. Based on the fitted models, the mean trend in SG of trees from the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain and Gulf Coastal Plain was observed to be higher than in other physiographical regions (Upper Coastal Plain, Hilly Coastal Plain, northern Atlantic Coastal Plain, and Piedmont). Maps showing the regional variation in disk SG at a specified height were also developed. Maps indicated that the stands in the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain and Gulf Coastal Plain have the highest SG at a given height level.

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